本文選題：現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn) + 液化��； 參考：《中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：液化問(wèn)題是土動(dòng)力學(xué)和巖土地震工程研究的重要課題之一。強(qiáng)震下飽和砂土易發(fā)生液化并可能加重震害,機(jī)械和波浪荷載下土體也存在液化問(wèn)題。研究液化及相關(guān)工程問(wèn)題,具有重要的理論和工程意義,一直是工程抗震領(lǐng)域的前沿方向。震害調(diào)查和室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)是目前認(rèn)識(shí)和研究液化問(wèn)題的重要手段和主要手段。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)也是直接研究地震中液化問(wèn)題的一種手段。在研究液化方面發(fā)揮了巨大作用,極大推動(dòng)了對(duì)液化問(wèn)題的認(rèn)識(shí),大量成果已經(jīng)付諸工程實(shí)踐。但上述手段存在著不足:震害調(diào)查要受限于大震發(fā)生的頻率,也無(wú)法得到液化發(fā)展的過(guò)程;室內(nèi)試驗(yàn),難以全面復(fù)現(xiàn)真實(shí)場(chǎng)地的砂土液化過(guò)程;由于地震短臨預(yù)報(bào)的不成熟性和強(qiáng)震的罕遇性,使得現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)的效果大打折扣,迄今取到的研究成果極其有限。隨著液化問(wèn)題研究的深入,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)條件下直接開(kāi)展試驗(yàn)成為一條新途徑。這種方法可以從一個(gè)新的角度了解土體液化的響應(yīng)規(guī)律。在此研究需求背景下,人工源震動(dòng)下現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液化試驗(yàn)得到了發(fā)展,用于補(bǔ)充上述認(rèn)識(shí)手段的不足,以便更好地掌握實(shí)際場(chǎng)地中土體液化響應(yīng)規(guī)律和液化土體的特征。目前以此開(kāi)展的研究,總體成果有限,國(guó)內(nèi)更是處于起步階段,需要大力發(fā)展。本文從現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液化試驗(yàn)這一新的手段和角度研究液化問(wèn)題,通過(guò)發(fā)展和完善現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液化試驗(yàn)方法,研究現(xiàn)場(chǎng)條件下液化土體的孔壓發(fā)展與加速度、應(yīng)變的響應(yīng)規(guī)律以及液化土體的特征,以期與已有試驗(yàn)手段得到的認(rèn)識(shí)相互比對(duì),相互驗(yàn)證,更深入地了解和掌握液化規(guī)律,發(fā)展液化分析方法。主要成果和工作包括:(1)研究了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液化試驗(yàn)方法中人工震源、試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)獲取、液化土體特征量、試驗(yàn)組織與實(shí)現(xiàn)中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問(wèn)題,發(fā)展完善了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液化試驗(yàn)方法,設(shè)計(jì)了兩種形式的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液化試驗(yàn),通過(guò)與以往液化試驗(yàn)和國(guó)際上已有同類(lèi)試驗(yàn)相比,驗(yàn)證了試驗(yàn)的可靠性。(2)以現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液化試驗(yàn)手段,研究了液化對(duì)地表運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響,以求從一個(gè)新的角度得到地表運(yùn)動(dòng)與液化關(guān)聯(lián)性的認(rèn)識(shí),得到了其液化水平與地表加速度的關(guān)系以及液化對(duì)地表運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響規(guī)律。(3)研究了水平場(chǎng)地孔壓增長(zhǎng)模式,尋找實(shí)際場(chǎng)地和室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)孔壓增長(zhǎng)模式的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,以加速度、埋深、砂土類(lèi)型等為基本指標(biāo)構(gòu)建了孔壓增量模型,并通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬和其它同類(lèi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了該孔壓模型的可靠性。(4)以現(xiàn)場(chǎng)液化試驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ),研究了場(chǎng)地條件下飽和砂土的孔壓發(fā)展與剪應(yīng)變的關(guān)系,提出了液化發(fā)展過(guò)程中孔壓發(fā)展與剪應(yīng)變關(guān)系的定量表達(dá)式。
[Abstract]:Liquefaction is one of the most important topics in soil dynamics and geotechnical seismic engineering. Saturated sand is prone to liquefaction and may aggravate earthquake damage under strong earthquake, and liquefaction problem also exists in soil under mechanical and wave loads. The study of liquefaction and related engineering problems has important theoretical and engineering significance, and has always been the frontier direction in the field of engineering earthquake resistance. Earthquake damage investigation and laboratory test are important means and main means to understand and study liquefaction problem. Field monitoring is also a method to study liquefaction in earthquake directly. It has played a great role in the research of liquefaction, greatly promoted the understanding of liquefaction, and a large number of achievements have been put into engineering practice. But there are some shortcomings in the methods mentioned above: the seismic damage investigation should be limited by the frequency of earthquake occurrence and the process of liquefaction development can not be obtained, and it is difficult to fully reproduce the liquefaction process of the real site through laboratory tests; Due to the immaturity of short-term and impending earthquake prediction and the rare occurrence of strong earthquakes, the effect of field monitoring is greatly compromised, and the research results obtained so far are extremely limited. With the development of liquefaction research, it is a new way to carry out direct test under field conditions. This method can be used to understand the response law of soil liquefaction from a new point of view. Under the background of this research demand, the field liquefaction test under artificial source vibration has been developed to supplement the deficiency of the above means, so as to better understand the response law of soil liquefaction and the characteristics of liquefaction soil in the actual site. At present, the overall results of the research are limited, the domestic is in the initial stage, need to be vigorously developed. In this paper, the liquefaction problem is studied from the new method and angle of field liquefaction test. By developing and perfecting the field liquefaction test method, the pore pressure development and acceleration of liquefaction soil under field conditions are studied. The response law of strain and the characteristics of liquefaction soil are expected to compare and verify with the existing experimental methods, to understand and master the liquefaction law more deeply, and to develop the liquefaction analysis method. The main achievements and work include: (1) the artificial seismic source in the field liquefaction test method, the acquisition of test data, the characteristic quantity of liquefaction soil, the key technical problems in the test organization and realization are studied, and the field liquefaction test method is developed and perfected. Two kinds of in-situ liquefaction tests are designed. Compared with the previous liquefaction tests and the similar tests in the world, the reliability of the tests is verified, and the effect of liquefaction on the surface motion is studied by means of in-situ liquefaction tests. In order to obtain the relationship between surface motion and liquefaction from a new angle, the relationship between liquefaction level and surface acceleration and the influence of liquefaction on surface motion are obtained. To find out the difference and relation of pore pressure growth mode between actual site and laboratory test, the increment model of pore pressure is constructed with acceleration, depth of burial and type of sand as the basic index. The reliability of the pore pressure model is verified by numerical simulation and other similar field tests. The relationship between pore pressure development and shear strain of saturated sand under site condition is studied on the basis of field liquefaction test. The quantitative expression of the relationship between pore pressure development and shear strain during liquefaction development is presented.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU435

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