本文選題：薔薇科 + 三葉懸鉤子　； 參考：《云南大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：薔薇科(Rosaceae)約有124屬3300余種,分布于全世界,北溫帶較多。我國約有51屬1000余種,產(chǎn)于全國各地。本研究從薔薇科植物三葉懸鉤子(Rubus delavayi)和棠梨枝葉(Pyrus pashia)中分離出141個(gè)化合物,包括16個(gè)新化合物,并對(duì)部分化合物進(jìn)行了細(xì)胞毒活性、抗氧化作用研究。同時(shí),在植物化學(xué)的研究基礎(chǔ)上,使用催化量的碘將順式苯丙烯酸衍生物徹底轉(zhuǎn)化成其反式異構(gòu)體,建立了簡(jiǎn)便可靠的轉(zhuǎn)化方法。最后,綜述了苯丙烯酸衍生物的結(jié)構(gòu)類型和生物活性,以及順式、反式苯丙烯酸衍生物相互轉(zhuǎn)化方法的研究進(jìn)展。三葉懸鉤子(R. delavayi)為薔薇科(Rosaceae)懸鉤子屬(Rubus)植物,是云南省特有的植物。三葉懸鉤子是傈僳族、怒族的常用藥,也常用來泡茶,可用于治療扁桃體炎,感冒,急性結(jié)膜炎,痢疾,瘡瘍,風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎等。該植物生長于1600-3000 m地帶的山坡溝谷稀疏灌木叢中,在云南主要分布在大理州的彌渡、巍山、劍川、洱源、漾濞等縣。研究表明三葉懸鉤子的提取物具有抗炎、抗腫瘤、免疫增強(qiáng)等作用。本文利用常規(guī)的分離技術(shù),從三葉懸鉤子的甲醇提取物中分離、鑒定出單萜類、倍半萜類、三萜類、甾體類、苯丙素類、酚酸類等天然產(chǎn)物,共計(jì)75個(gè),包括11個(gè)新化合物。化合物59-61是從懸鉤子屬植物中首次發(fā)現(xiàn)的含溴天然產(chǎn)物。棠梨(P. pashia)是薔薇科(Rosaceae)梨屬(Pyrus)的一種植物。棠梨在民間應(yīng)用廣泛,棠梨果樹常用作人工栽培梨的砧木；棠梨的花是云南人民喜愛的一道菜肴,它具有降血脂和清理腸胃的作用；棠梨的果實(shí)用于治療咳嗽,瀉痢等病癥。棠梨的枝葉用于治療反胃吐食,霍亂吐瀉,轉(zhuǎn)筋腹痛等病癥。在團(tuán)隊(duì)從棠梨的花和枝葉中已分離、鑒定了47個(gè)化合物的基礎(chǔ)上,本研究進(jìn)一步研究棠梨枝葉的化學(xué)成分,共分離、鑒定出66個(gè)化合物,包括5個(gè)新化合物,其中(4α)-3-(5,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuranyl)-1-buten-3-ol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1)和(4β)-3-(5,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuranyl)-1-buten-3-ol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2)是首次從梨屬(Pyrus)中分離到的單萜類化合物。苯丙烯酸衍生物含有C6-C3結(jié)構(gòu)單元,是一類廣泛存在于植物中的化學(xué)成分,也是醫(yī)藥、化工中的常用中間體和底物。反式苯丙烯酸衍生物的光學(xué)異構(gòu)化現(xiàn)象為順式和反式異構(gòu)體的分離、結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定以及后續(xù)研究帶來較大的麻煩。本文基于從棠梨枝葉中分離到苯丙烯酸衍生物,系統(tǒng)地研究了反式苯丙烯酸衍生物光學(xué)異構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)。探索并建立了將順式苯丙烯酸衍生物徹底轉(zhuǎn)化成反式異構(gòu)體的方法,同時(shí)還探討了轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)理。最后,本文歸納和總結(jié)了苯丙烯酸衍生物的結(jié)構(gòu)類型及其生物活性,綜述了順式和反式苯丙烯酸衍生物之間轉(zhuǎn)化的方法,并探討了苯丙烯酸衍生物的研究方向和值得注意的問題。
[Abstract]:There are more than 3300 species belonging to 124 genera of Rosaceae, which are distributed all over the world and are abundant in the northern temperate zone. China has about 51 genera more than 1000 species, produced in all parts of the country. In this study, 141 compounds, including 16 new compounds, were isolated from Rubus delavayi and Pyrus pashia. The cytotoxic activity and antioxidant activity of some compounds were studied. At the same time, based on the study of phytochemistry, a simple and reliable conversion method was established by using the catalytic amount of iodine to completely transform the cis-benzoic acid derivative into its trans-isomer. In the end, the structure and bioactivity of the derivatives were reviewed, and the research progress in the mutual conversion of cis-and trans-acroleic acid derivatives was also reviewed. Rhizoma delavayi, a species of the genus Rubusa (Rosaceaeae), is endemic to Yunnan Province. Trifolium Rubus is a common medicine for Lisu, Nu nationality, also used to make tea, can be used to treat tonsillitis, cold, acute conjunctivitis, dysentery, sore, rheumatoid arthritis and so on. The plant grows in sparse shrub of mountain slope and valley in 1600-3000 m area, and is mainly distributed in Midu, Weishan, Jianchuan, Eryuan and Yangbi counties of Dali Prefecture in Yunnan Province. The results showed that the extract of Rubus trifolium had anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and immune enhancement effects. In this paper, natural products such as monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, triterpenoids, steroids, phenylpropanoids and phenolic acids were isolated from methanol extract of Rubus trifoliata by conventional separation technique. The natural products were 75, including 11 new compounds. Compound 59-61 is the first bromine-containing natural product found in Rubus. P. pashia is a plant of Rosaceaeae (Pyrus). Tang pear is widely used in folk society, and its fruit tree is often used as the rootstock of cultivated pear. The flower of Tang pear is a favorite dish of Yunnan people, it has the function of lowering blood lipid and clearing the stomach, and the fruit of Tang pear is used to treat cough, diarrhea and other diseases. The branches and leaves of Tang pear are used to treat nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain and so on. On the basis of 47 compounds isolated from the flower and branches and leaves of the pear, the chemical constituents of the leaves and branches of the pear were further studied. A total of 66 compounds, including 5 new compounds, were identified. The monoterpenoid compounds were isolated from Pyrus for the first time, including 4 偽 -tetrohydrofuranyltry-1-buten-3-ol 3-O- 尾 -D-glucopyranoside 1) and 4 尾 -bu-5-dimethyltetrahydrofuranylton-1-buten-3-ol 3-O- 尾 -D-glucopyranoside 2), which were isolated from Pyrus for the first time. Propenoic acid derivatives contain C6-C3 structural units. They are a class of chemical constituents widely found in plants, and are also commonly used as intermediates and substrates in medicine and chemical industry. The phenomenon of optical isomerization of trans-phenylpropenoic acid derivatives is the separation of cis-trans isomers, structural identification and follow-up studies. Based on the separation of phenylacrylic acid derivatives from the branches and leaves of Tangli pear, the characteristics of optical isomerization of trans acroleic acid derivatives were studied systematically. The method of transforming cis-phenylacrylic acid derivatives into trans isomers was established and the conversion mechanism was also discussed. Finally, the structural types and biological activities of the derivatives were summarized, and the methods of conversion between cis-and trans-propionic acid derivatives were reviewed. The research direction and noticeable problems of phenylacryloic acid derivatives are also discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：Q946

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本文編號(hào)：1906860