發(fā)布時間：2018-04-03 07:21

  本文選題：電磁離子回旋波　切入點：ELF嘶聲　出處：《武漢大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：內(nèi)磁層波粒相互作用導致高能粒子沉降是內(nèi)磁層-電離層系統(tǒng)的主要物質(zhì)耦合機制。等離子體層中波粒相互作用的特征及其相應的電離層效應是內(nèi)磁層-電離層耦合研究的核心課題。本文主要圍繞這一研究課題開展工作。首先,本文利用磁暴期間多顆衛(wèi)星與地面的聯(lián)合觀測,研究等離子體層羽狀結(jié)構(gòu)(Plume)中波粒相互作用的特性。首次揭示了等離子體層Plume中等離子體波的空間分布：ELF嘶聲(Hiss)位于Plume中電子密度的峰值附近,而EMIC波(Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves)位于Plume的外邊界。獲得了等離子體層Plume中環(huán)電流離子被EMIC波散射到損失錐的衛(wèi)星實地觀測證據(jù)。揭示了暴時亞極光區(qū)沉降的高能質(zhì)子和電子的通量峰值在緯度上分離是由于等離子體層Plume區(qū)波粒相互作用的結(jié)果。其次,本文基于Cluster衛(wèi)星穿越等離子體片進入內(nèi)磁層的觀測,研究高能離子散射到損失錐的物理機制。揭示了等離子體片及等離子體層Plume區(qū)高能離子被散射進入損失錐的不同物理機制：在磁尾等離子體片中歸結(jié)于磁場的曲率散射機制；而在等離子體層Plume區(qū)則由EMIC波通過波粒相互作用而散射。最后,本文通過衛(wèi)星與地面的聯(lián)合觀測,研究磁暴期間等離子體層波粒相互作用的電離層效應。首次獲得EMIC波導致的離子沉降對電離層影響的觀測證據(jù)。研究結(jié)果表明：暴時EMIC波導致的高能離子沉降能夠引起亞極光區(qū)電離層E區(qū)峰值電子濃度及電導率顯著增強。另外,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了在磁暴期間等離子體層Plume中波粒相互作用導致的沉降粒子在電離層探測中的觀測印記：等離子體層Plume中的Hiss散射的環(huán)電流電子能夠沉降到電離層D區(qū),導致暴時密度增強區(qū)(Storm Enhanced Density,即SED)測高儀觀測的低頻段電波被強烈吸收；而EMIC波散射的環(huán)電流離子沉降到電離層E區(qū),導致了Es層的出現(xiàn)。本文的研究成果對于揭示內(nèi)磁層-電離層系統(tǒng)的物質(zhì)耦合特征及亞極光區(qū)的電離層觀測研究具有重要的意義。
[Abstract]:The internal magnetospheric wave-particle interaction leads to the deposition of high-energy particles, which is the main material coupling mechanism of the inner magnetospheric and ionospheric system.The characteristics of wave-particle interaction in the plasma layer and the corresponding ionospheric effects are the core issues in the study of the internal magnetosphere-ionospheric coupling.This paper mainly focuses on this research topic.Firstly, the characteristics of wave particle interaction in plasma-plume structure (Plume) are studied by using the joint observations of several satellites and the ground during a magnetic storm.It is revealed for the first time that the spatial distribution of plasma waves in plasma layer Plume lies near the peak of electron density in Plume, while the EMIC wave is located at the outer boundary of Plume.Satellite field observations of the plasma layer Plume ring current ion scattering by EMIC waves to the loss cone are obtained.It is revealed that the peak flux of high energy protons and electrons deposited in the subauroral region during storms is separated at latitude due to the interaction of wave particles in the Plume region of the plasma layer.Secondly, the physical mechanism of high energy ion scattering to the loss cone is studied based on the observation of the Cluster satellite entering the inner magnetosphere through the plasma sheet.The different physical mechanisms of high energy ions scattering into the loss cone in plasma sheet and plasma layer in Plume region are revealed: the curvature scattering mechanism of magnetic field in magnetotail plasma sheet;In the Plume region of the plasma layer, the EMIC waves are scattered by the interaction of the waves and particles.Finally, the ionospheric effect of plasma-layer wave-particle interaction during magnetic storms is studied by satellite and ground observations.For the first time, observational evidence of the ionospheric effects of ion deposition induced by EMIC waves has been obtained.The results show that the high energy ion deposition caused by EMIC waves during storms can significantly increase the peak electron concentration and conductivity in the E region of the subaurora.In addition, we have found the observed imprint of particles deposited in the ionospheric sounding due to the interaction of particles in the plasma layer Plume during a magnetic storm: the ring current electrons scattered by the Hiss in the plasma layer Plume can be deposited into the ionospheric D region.The low-frequency radio waves observed by the SED altimeter are strongly absorbed, while the ring current ions of the EMIC wave are deposited into the E region of the ionosphere, which leads to the emergence of the es layer.The research results in this paper are of great significance to reveal the material coupling characteristics of the inner magnetosphere-ionospheric system and the ionospheric observation in the sub-auroral region.
【學位授予單位】：武漢大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P354;P353

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