本文選題：暗能量　切入點：宇宙學擾動　出處：《大連理工大學》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：1998年,通過對Ia型超新星的觀測,天文學家發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙處于加速膨脹階段。為了解釋這一現(xiàn)象,在愛因斯坦引力框架下,我們認為具有負壓強的暗能量主導(dǎo)宇宙的演化。2013年,高精度的Planck宇宙微波背景數(shù)據(jù)對標準模型的限制結(jié)果告訴我們：在宇宙的組分中,組成星系和星系團的普通物質(zhì)占4.9%,影響宇宙結(jié)構(gòu)形成的暗物質(zhì)占26.8%,驅(qū)動宇宙加速膨脹的暗能量占68.3%。由此可見宇宙中的暗成分對其演化起著決定性的作用,這啟發(fā)了學者們提出了不同的暗能量理論模型。在觀測限制模型的方面,宇宙觀測的幾何數(shù)據(jù)不足以區(qū)分不同的暗能量模型,為了打破模型之間的簡并,我們需要使用大尺度結(jié)構(gòu)觀測數(shù)據(jù)來限制理論模型,本文將主要使用紅移空間扭曲數(shù)據(jù)來限制不同的暗能量模型。文中首先闡述了課題的研究背景、研究內(nèi)容以及章節(jié)安排。緊接著在宇宙學的基本理論部分,我們重點介紹了背景宇宙的膨脹歷史和宇宙的標量擾動理論。然后我們介紹了幾種宇宙學觀測數(shù)據(jù),特別是強調(diào)了來自大尺度結(jié)構(gòu)觀測的紅移空間扭曲數(shù)據(jù)。本文的第四章到第六章是研究工作的主要內(nèi)容。在第四章中,我們考慮一種統(tǒng)一的暗流體模型,它的態(tài)方程演化具有快速轉(zhuǎn)變的特點,我們分別從理論分析和觀測檢驗來討論模型存在的合理性。在第五章中,我們將常聲速的統(tǒng)一暗流體分解為相互作用的暗物質(zhì)和真空能,通過暗成分的密度擾動演化方程研究物質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)增長歷史,使用宇宙的幾何觀測和紅移空間扭曲數(shù)據(jù)聯(lián)合限制分解模型的參數(shù)空間。在第六章中,我們考慮動力學暗能量和暗物質(zhì)之間存在相互作用的情況,推導(dǎo)暗成分的能量密度擾動和速度散度擾動的演化方程,討論相互作用參數(shù)對宇宙結(jié)構(gòu)增長歷史的影響,并且使用大尺度結(jié)構(gòu)觀測數(shù)據(jù)對相互作用強度進行限制。最后一章是本文的總結(jié)和展望。
[Abstract]:In 1998, through observations of Type Ia supernovae, astronomers discovered that the universe was at an accelerated expansion stage. To explain this phenomenon, we believe that dark energy with strong negative pressure dominates the evolution of the universe in the framework of Einstein's gravitation. The limitation of high precision Planck cosmic microwave background data to the standard model tells us that in the components of the universe, The composition of galaxies and clusters of ordinary matter is 4.9, the formation of dark matter affecting the structure of the universe accounts for 26.8, and the dark energy driving the accelerating expansion of the universe accounts for 68.3. It can be seen that the dark components of the universe play a decisive role in its evolution. This inspired scholars to put forward different models of dark energy. In the aspect of observation limitation model, the geometry data of cosmic observation is not enough to distinguish different dark energy models, in order to break the degeneracy between the models, We need to use large scale structural observation data to limit the theoretical model. In this paper, we mainly use redshift spatial distortion data to limit different dark energy models. Then, in the basic theory of cosmology, we focus on the expansion history of the background universe and the scalar perturbation theory of the universe. Then we introduce several kinds of cosmological observation data. In particular, the redshift spatial distortion data from large-scale structural observations are emphasized. Chapters 4th to 6th are the main contents of the study. In Chapter 4th, we consider a unified dark fluid model. The evolution of the equation of state is characterized by rapid transformation. We discuss the rationality of the model from theoretical analysis and observation test. In Chapter 5th, we decompose the uniform dark fluid with constant sound velocity into interacting dark matter and vacuum energy. The density perturbation evolution equation of dark components is used to study the structural growth history of matter, and the geometric observation of the universe and the redshift space distortion data are used to limit the parameter space of the decomposition model. In Chapter 6th, Considering the interaction between dynamic dark energy and dark matter, the evolution equations of energy density perturbation and velocity divergence disturbance of dark component are derived, and the influence of interaction parameters on the history of cosmic structure growth is discussed. The interaction intensity is limited by using large scale structural observation data. The last chapter is the summary and prospect of this paper.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P159
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本文編號：1596643