本文關(guān)鍵詞： 遼西地區(qū) 地質(zhì)走廊帶 巖石物性 巖石分類 巖石地球化學元素 統(tǒng)計學分析　出處：《吉林大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：巖石物性作為巖石重要的物理學參數(shù),它與巖石地球化學元素一樣,可以用來判斷巖石性質(zhì)、解決巖石來源和巖石成因等地質(zhì)問題。相比于巖石地球化學元素,巖石物性更直觀且容易理解。然而,地質(zhì)學家更傾向于應用地球化學元素來解決地質(zhì)問題,在地球物理學研究中,地球物理學家則注重于將巖石物性作為地球物理數(shù)據(jù)反演解釋的約束條件。目前,巖石物性很少被應用于研究巖石來源和巖石成因,本文側(cè)重于利用巖石物性與地球化學元素相關(guān)特征來判斷巖石性質(zhì)、解決巖石成因等地質(zhì)問題。物性參數(shù)是巖石的物理屬性,而巖石地球化學元素是巖石的化學屬性,本文將這兩種參數(shù)有機的結(jié)合起來去解決巖石成因和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造演化等地質(zhì)問題,具有重要的理論意義和實際應用價值。巖石物性是將地質(zhì)學、地球物理學及地球化學三門重要的地球科學分支結(jié)合起來的關(guān)鍵。利用巖石物性參數(shù)相關(guān)特征進行巖石的巖相學研究,不同類型的巖石對應著不同的物性參數(shù),巖石物性參數(shù)發(fā)生劇烈變化的位置通常對應主要的巖石界線和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造變化的位置。巖石物性參數(shù)的研究極大的豐富了地質(zhì)信息,增加地質(zhì)研究的深度與精度。將各類巖石物性與巖相學相結(jié)合建立理論經(jīng)驗公式,利用巖石物性參數(shù)去判別巖石類型,使地球物理方法在地質(zhì)問題解決中得到廣泛的應用。巖石地球化學元素是研究巖石成因和構(gòu)造演化的重要手段,但這種研究手段既耗資又耗時。為了解決這一問題,本文試圖利用巖石物性與巖石地球化學元素的相關(guān)特征信息,快速且高效地解決巖石成因和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造等地質(zhì)問題。巖石基礎(chǔ)屬性之間統(tǒng)計學關(guān)系的研究,必須建立在大量巖石樣本研究的基礎(chǔ)之上,這樣研究得到的結(jié)論將具有更加普遍的科學意義。在實驗室條件下,我們獲得了大量巖石物性和巖石地球化學元素數(shù)據(jù),并且根據(jù)巖石手標本以及鏡下巖石薄片的觀測結(jié)果來確定巖石標本的巖石類型。最后,我們以數(shù)理統(tǒng)計學原理為基礎(chǔ),建立各類巖石物性參數(shù)與巖石地球化學元素含量的相關(guān)關(guān)系,并以此研究和解決巖石成因和區(qū)域構(gòu)造演化歷史等相關(guān)地質(zhì)問題。巖石物性的研究是解譯深部地球巖石分布和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造特征的重要手段,以各個時期地層的巖石為標本,將在實驗室測量的巖石物性和地球化學元素建立具有統(tǒng)計學意義的相關(guān)特征,可以形成一個巖相學、巖石物理學與巖石地球化學之間的地球科學體系。目前,巖石物性在地球物理勘探和地質(zhì)勘探中的應用較少,地球物理學家僅僅是將巖石物性作為地球物理勘探的約束參數(shù),而不是作為獨立研究手段去解決地球科學問題。關(guān)于巖石物性參數(shù)與巖石地球化學元素相關(guān)特征的信息研究也很少,通過近期的一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這種相關(guān)特征可以解決一些較難解決的地質(zhì)問題,尤其是深部地質(zhì)構(gòu)造和巖石分布特征等重要的地質(zhì)問題。遼寧省葫蘆島興城及其鄰區(qū)作為此次研究的選區(qū),以“深部探測關(guān)鍵儀器裝備野外實驗與示范”項目所選取的地質(zhì)走廊帶及其周邊地區(qū)作為重點研究區(qū)域,該區(qū)域地質(zhì)構(gòu)造格架清楚、科學意義明確、具有代表性。目的層巖性、埋深、物性、熱狀態(tài)及地球物理界面清晰,基本上涵蓋了各個時期地層序列,具有良好的地球科學代表性意義,可以用來討論各個時期巖石成因、沉積環(huán)境變化、構(gòu)造演化歷史等地質(zhì)問題。根據(jù)遼西地質(zhì)走廊帶巖石標本的物性參數(shù)和地球化學成分變化特征,得出該研究區(qū)域巖石物性和地球化學元素相關(guān)特征信息,為基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)科學方面的研究提供對比和驗證標準,解釋并建立該地區(qū)的地球科學基礎(chǔ)性模型。在遼西地質(zhì)走廊帶采集具有典型特征的巖石標本1400多塊,作為此次研究基礎(chǔ),對巖石標本進行手標本和鏡下薄片鑒定來劃分巖石標本類型,作為物性研究的巖相學基礎(chǔ)。由于變質(zhì)巖巖石標本數(shù)量有限,很難進行統(tǒng)計學方面的研究,因此研究區(qū)域主要研究目標為火成巖和沉積巖這兩大類型。對巖石樣本進行密度、磁化率、電阻率、彈性波速等物性參數(shù)測量,得到相應的物性參數(shù)。進行巖石物性統(tǒng)計學研究,繪制巖石物性頻率分布直方圖,并且討論各類巖石的物性參數(shù)特征,以及其對應的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造背景和巖石成因特征。深部探測09-06“深部探測關(guān)鍵儀器裝備野外實驗與示范”項目,在遼西地質(zhì)走廊帶進行多種地球物理方法勘探,其中包括了地震剖面勘探、大地電磁剖面測深勘探、重、磁剖面勘探、遙感解譯和航磁勘探,完成了近100km的綜合地質(zhì)和地球物理剖面實驗研究。將巖石物性統(tǒng)計學研究結(jié)果應用于多種地質(zhì)-地球物理綜合解釋中,使地球物理數(shù)據(jù)的反演、解釋結(jié)果更加準確,更符合真實地質(zhì)情況。繪制遼西地質(zhì)走廊帶及其周圍地區(qū)巖石物性平面分布圖,與地質(zhì)填圖結(jié)果進行對比分析。巖石物性發(fā)生明顯變化的位置對應著發(fā)生地質(zhì)構(gòu)造運動的主要位置,也對應著巖石類型發(fā)生變化的位置,是對地質(zhì)填圖的有效補充,更有效的解決地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、巖相帶劃分等地質(zhì)問題。挑選其中398塊巖石進行地球化學成分測量,繪制巖石物性與巖石地球化學元素散點分布圖,找出巖石物性與巖石地球化學元素的相關(guān)特征關(guān)系,利用這種相關(guān)特征關(guān)系去解決遼西地質(zhì)走廊帶深成巖巖漿來源、巖石成因和構(gòu)造演化歷史等地質(zhì)問題;同時,將相關(guān)特征關(guān)系應用到解決沉積巖的沉積環(huán)境變化和古氣候變化等地質(zhì)問題中。利用這種相關(guān)特征關(guān)系得出的結(jié)論與前人研究結(jié)果一致,說明利用巖石物性與巖石地球化學元素相關(guān)特征方法解決地質(zhì)問題的有效性和準確性。遼西地質(zhì)走廊帶巖石物性和地球化學元素參數(shù)測量,不僅為該研究區(qū)域提供基本巖石數(shù)據(jù),而且在統(tǒng)計學分析意義上,巖石物性與地球化學元素相關(guān)特征的研究,在解決巖石成因和構(gòu)造演化等地質(zhì)問題上具有普遍的地球科學意義,為未來地質(zhì)問題的解決提供了新的思路和研究方向。
[Abstract]:The petrophysical parameters of rock physics as important, it is the same as the rock geochemical elements, can be used to determine the properties of rock, rock source and petrogenesis of geological problems. Compared to the rock geochemistry, rock property is more intuitive and easy to understand. However, geologists prefer geochemical elements to solve the geological problems in the study, the physics of the earth, the earth will physicist focuses on petrophysical interpretation of geophysical data as constraint inversion. At present, rock property is rarely applied in the study of source rock and rock formation, this paper focuses on the use of petrophysical and geochemical characteristics of elements related to judge the nature of rock, rock formation the geological problems. The physical parameters of physical property of rock, and rock geochemical elements is the chemical nature of the rocks, the two parameters Combine to solve the petrogenesis and tectonic evolution of the geological problems, has important theoretical significance and practical value. Petrophysics is the key of geology, geophysics and geochemistry of the three important branches of earth sciences together. Petrographic study of rock using petrophysical parameters related features different types of rocks correspond to different physical parameters, petrophysical parameters change position usually corresponds to rock boundaries and tectonic position. The main changes of the petrophysical parameters of enriched geological information, increase the depth and precision of geological research. The theory will establish experience formula of all kinds of rock properties with the combination of petrography, rock types used to determine petrophysical parameters, the geophysical method has been widely used in geological problems in the rock. Elemental geochemistry is an important means to study rock genesis and tectonic evolution, but this research method is time-consuming and costly. In order to solve this problem, this paper attempts to use the feature information of rock properties and the rock geochemical elements, quickly and efficiently solve the rock and geological structure due to geological problems. Study on the statistical relationship between properties of the rock foundation, must be established on the basis of a large number of rock samples studied, so the conclusions of the study will have a more general significance. Under laboratory conditions, we get a lot of petrophysical and geochemical data, and according to rock hand specimens and rock slice observation to determine the rock specimens of rock types. Finally, we based on the mathematical statistics principle, the establishment of various kinds of petrophysical parameters and rock geochemical element content Correlation between the quantity, and to study and solve the petrogenesis and tectonic evolution history and other related geological problems. Research on rock properties is an important means of interpretation of deep earth rocks and tectonic characteristics, the formation of rock specimens for each period, will establish relevant features with statistical significance in laboratory measurement the petrophysical and geochemical elements, can form a petrography, rock physics and geochemistry of the earth system science. At present, the application of less rock properties in geophysical prospecting and geological prospecting, geophysicists will only be petrophysical parameters as constraints of geophysical exploration, and not as independent research means to solve problems in earth science. Little information on petrophysical parameters and geochemical characteristics related to, through the recent Some studies have found that this feature can solve some difficult to solve geological problems, especially the important geological problems of the deep geological structure and rock distribution. In Liaoning Province, Huludao of Xingcheng and its adjacent regions as the research district, geological corridor to deep exploration key equipment field experiment and demonstration project selection zone and its surrounding area as the research area, the regional geological structure clear, scientific meaning is clear and representative. Reservoir depth, lithology, physical property, thermal state and geophysical clear interface, basically covering all period stratigraphic sequence has good earth science representative significance, can be used to discuss each period of petrogenesis, changes of sedimentary environment, tectonic evolution history of geological problems. According to the geological corridor specimens of rock physical parameters and chemical composition of the earth Change characteristics, draw relevant characteristic information of the study area petrophysical and geochemical elements, provides the comparison and verification of standard on the basis of geological science, and establish the area of the earth science foundation model. With the rock samples collected more than 1400 pieces of typical geological corridor in western Liaoning, as a basis for the study of the rock samples were hand specimens and thin sections to divide the types of rock specimens, as the basic research of petrography. Because of metamorphic rock specimen quantity is limited, difficult to research statistics, so the main research target for the study area of igneous and sedimentary rocks of these two types. The density of rock. The sample magnetic susceptibility, resistivity, elastic wave velocity and other parameters measurement, get the corresponding physical parameters. The rock material research statistics, drawing distribution frequency of rock The histogram, and discusses the characteristics of the physical parameters of various kinds of rocks, and the corresponding geological background and rock genesis. Deep exploration 09-06 "deep exploration key equipment of field experiment and demonstration project, in the corridor of the geological exploration of multiple geophysical methods, including seismic exploration, magnetotelluric profiles exploration, heavy, magnetic profile exploration, remote sensing interpretation and aeromagnetic survey, nearly 100km of the comprehensive geological and geophysical profile experiments done. The petrophysical study results were applied to a variety of geological geophysical interpretation, the inversion of geophysical data, interpretation of the results is more accurate, more realistic the drawing of geological conditions. Geological corridor and its surrounding area petrophysical plane distribution map, comparative analysis and geological mapping results. Petrophysical happened significant change The position corresponds to the main position of geological tectonic movement, but also corresponding rock types change position, is the effective supplement to the geological mapping, geological structure solved more effectively, lithofacies division of geological problems. Among them 398 were divided into rock geochemical survey, drawing petrophysical and rock geochemistry element scatter distribution, relationship between petrophysical and find out the characteristics of geochemical and geological corridor to solve the plutonic magma source using the related features, petrogenesis and tectonic evolution history of geological problems; at the same time, the characteristic relation is applied to solve the sedimentary rock changes of sedimentary environment and climate change the geological problems. Using the relationship between the characteristics of the relevant conclusions consistent with the results of previous studies, using petrophysical and rock geochemical elements Relevant features to solve the geological problems. The accuracy and effectiveness of the geological corridor petrophysical and geochemical element parameter measurement, not only provides the basic data for the rock in the study area, but also in the statistical analysis of significance, research related characteristics of petrophysical and geochemical elements, has the universal significance in solving the Earth Science petrogenesis and tectonic evolution of the geological problems, provides new ideas and research directions for the future to solve the geological problems.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P584;P631

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