本文關(guān)鍵詞： 黑龍江東部 中-新生代 構(gòu)造演化 低溫?zé)崮甏鷮W(xué) 盆山耦合　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國東北廣泛發(fā)育的數(shù)十個中-新生代沉積盆地,不僅是我國油氣、煤炭資源最為富集的地區(qū)之一,而且為認(rèn)識東北亞大陸邊緣的復(fù)雜構(gòu)造演化歷史和大地構(gòu)造過程提供了重要信息。黑龍江東部是中國東北中-新生代沉積盆地最為發(fā)育的地區(qū)之一,空間上多期盆地疊合發(fā)育,構(gòu)造面貌尤為復(fù)雜。雖然目前對這些盆地的地層、構(gòu)造特征和演化開展了一定的研究,但這些盆地的地層發(fā)育時代、構(gòu)造屬性和演化階段仍然存在一定的分歧。本論文充分利用野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查資料和盆地內(nèi)部的地震、鉆井等勘探資料,以黑龍江東部中-新生代盆地群為主要研究對象,通過對火山灰夾層年代學(xué)研究,完善了黑龍江東部中-新生界年代地層格架；通過對中-新生代盆地的構(gòu)造解剖和構(gòu)造平衡恢復(fù)分析,重建了盆地構(gòu)造演化史；在此基礎(chǔ)上,開展了兩條近東西向貫穿黑龍江東部主要盆-嶺單元的低溫?zé)崮甏鷮W(xué)剖面研究,取得了以下成果和認(rèn)識：黑龍江東部雞西群滴道組形成時代為Hauterivian-Aptian早中期(～133-117Ma),城子河組沉積時代為Aptian中晚期至Albian早期(-116-1 1 OMa),穆棱組沉積時代為Albian期(～110-101Ma),東山組的沉積時代為Albian末期(～101Ma);猴石溝組為Cenomanian期,海浪組為Coniacian- Santonian期,七星河組為晚Santonian- Campanian早期,雁窩組為Campanian- Maastrichtian早期。通過對三江盆地和雞西盆地的構(gòu)造解剖,認(rèn)為黑龍江東部從中侏羅世晚期至早白堊世早中期為兩期斷陷盆地發(fā)育,早白堊世晚期為坳陷盆地發(fā)育,晚白堊世經(jīng)歷兩期擠壓變形改造;而方正斷陷和湯原斷陷的構(gòu)造變形分析則表明黑龍江東部在新生代期間主要表現(xiàn)為古新世-始新世伸展、晚始新世右旋走滑改造、漸新世斜向伸展和晚中新世右旋走滑改造,古新世-始新世的伸展作用要強(qiáng)于漸新世,晚始新世和晚中新世的走滑改造對盆地演化以及盆地內(nèi)部烴源巖和儲層的發(fā)育均有著重要影響。通過兩條區(qū)域性低溫?zé)崮甏鷮W(xué)剖面的研究表明,黑龍江東部主要山嶺隆起單元的冷卻剝露過程具有顯著的時間和空間差異：東小興安嶺和張廣才嶺在早中侏羅世～200-170Ma時期存在快速冷卻過程,平均冷卻速率為-2.3-3。C/Ma；在中侏羅世-早白堊世(～165-101Ma)時期則為緩慢冷卻階段,平均冷卻速率為～0.08-0.29。C/Ma;在晚白堊世(-95-70Ma)時期,那丹哈達(dá)嶺、雞西盆地和張廣才嶺具有快速冷卻歷史,平均冷卻速率為-1.0-8.5。C/Ma,而東小興安嶺則表現(xiàn)為緩慢冷卻(～100-65Ma),平均冷卻速率為-0.08℃/Ma;古近紀(jì)時期,東小興安嶺和三江盆地樺川-富錦隆起進(jìn)入快速冷卻階段(-50-30Ma),平均冷卻速率為伍3-8℃/Ma,而那丹哈達(dá)嶺和張廣才嶺表現(xiàn)為緩慢冷卻階段(-65-23Ma),平均冷卻速率為伍0.14-C/Ma;新近紀(jì)-第四紀(jì)(伍23-OMa)時期,黑龍江東部地區(qū)普遍經(jīng)歷了較為緩慢的冷卻階段,平均冷卻速率為0.14-0.3。C/Ma。綜合盆地構(gòu)造變形和主要盆-嶺單元的低溫?zé)崮甏鷮W(xué)分析,以及前人的碎屑鋯石年代學(xué)、沉積古地理、構(gòu)造變形和低溫?zé)崮甏鷮W(xué)研究,認(rèn)為早侏羅世-中侏羅世初期(-200-170Ma)小興安嶺-張廣才嶺的快速剝露隆升可能與佳木斯地塊與松遼地塊的碰撞造山有關(guān),而這一時期松遼地塊上可能發(fā)育周緣前陸盆地與其構(gòu)成時空耦合過程；中侏羅世-早白堊世(伍165-101Ma)小興安嶺-張廣才嶺處于緩慢剝露階段,大致對應(yīng)于包括黑龍江東部在內(nèi)的中國東北廣泛的多期伸展裂陷作用以及緊隨其后的大型熱沉降坳陷作用過程,形成了以松遼盆地和黑龍江東部大三江盆地為代表的大型坳陷盆地,這一區(qū)域性陸內(nèi)伸展過程可能與蒙古-鄂霍茨克造山帶垮塌和古太平洋板塊俯沖后撤兩大動力體系的聯(lián)合作用有關(guān)；晚白堊世時期(伍100-66Ma)中國東北遭受到逐步增強(qiáng)的擠壓應(yīng)力作用,經(jīng)歷了自東向西的擠壓隆升擴(kuò)展過程,黑龍江東部地區(qū)快速隆升發(fā)生在伍95-70Ma,而松遼盆地在70-65Ma期間才開始發(fā)生大規(guī)模構(gòu)造擠壓和反轉(zhuǎn)抬升,可能反映了東北亞活動型陸緣由西太平洋型向安第斯型的轉(zhuǎn)變；古近紀(jì)期間(伍50-30Ma),小興安嶺和三江盆地內(nèi)部樺川隆起快速隆升可能記錄了新生代伸展背景下的控陷正斷層下盤的被動隆升剝露過程,反映了太平洋板塊新生代俯沖后側(cè)引起的東亞陸緣廣泛的伸展過程。
[Abstract]:Dozens of Mesozoic Cenozoic sedimentary basin in Northeast Chinese widely developed, not only is China's oil and gas, one of the most rich in coal resources, but also for understanding the complex structure of Northeast Asia continental margin evolution history and tectonic process provides important information. The eastern part of Heilongjiang is one of the most developed areas in the Northeast - New China generation of sedimentary basin, spatial multi period superimposed basin development, tectonic features is particularly complex. Although these basin, tectonic features and evolution carried out some research, but the basin development era, tectonic evolution stage and there are still some differences. This paper make full use of the internal field geological survey data the basin and the earthquake, drilling exploration data in eastern Heilongjiang Mesozoic Cenozoic basin group as the main research object, through to the volcano sandwich chronology, perfect The eastern Heilongjiang Mesozoic Cenozoic chronostratigraphy; by constructing of Meso Cenozoic basin tectonic anatomy and restoration of balance analysis, reconstruction of the tectonic evolution history of the basin; on this basis, to carry out the two East-West Heilongjiang east of the main ridge basin unit low-temperature thermochronology profile research through, achieved the following results and conclusions: Eastern Heilongjiang Jixi group Didao formation for Hauterivian-Aptian early middle age (~ 133-117Ma), Chengzihe formation sedimentary time is early Aptian period to Albian (-116-1 1 OMa), Muling formation deposition period is Albian period (~ 110-101Ma), deposition time is Albian at the end of Dongshan formation (~ 101Ma); Hou Shi ditch group Cenomanian, the group Coniacian- Santonian group Santonian- Campanian, Qixinghe late early, Yan Wo Group Campanian- early Maastrichtian through to the Sanjiang basin and Jixi. Basin structural anatomy that Eastern Heilongjiang from late Middle Jurassic to early Cretaceous early and middle stages faulted basin development, late Early Cretaceous depression basin, Late Cretaceous tectonic transformation has experienced two extrusion deformation; and Fangzheng rift and Tangyuan Rift deformation analysis indicates that the extension for the Paleocene Eocene the main performance in eastern Heilongjiang during the Cenozoic, the late Eocene dextral strike slip and oblique extension transformation, Oligocene late Miocene dextral slip transformation, Paleocene Eocene extension than the late Eocene Oligocene, Miocene and late in the strike slip transformation of the source rocks in the basin and basin evolution and reservoir development have an important impact. Through the study of two regional low-temperature thermochronology profiles showed that the main mountain in eastern Heilongjiang uplift exhumation cooling unit has significant time and space There are differences: the rapid cooling of the East Xingan mountains and zhangguangcai ridge in the early Middle Jurassic ~ 200-170Ma period, the average cooling rate is -2.3-3.C/Ma; in the Middle Jurassic Early Cretaceous (~ 165-101Ma) period for slow cooling stage, the average cooling rate to 0.08-0.29.C/Ma; in the late Cretaceous period (-95-70Ma), the Nadanhada range the Jixi basin, and zhangguangcai with fast cooling history, average cooling rate of -1.0-8.5.C/Ma, while the East small Xingan mountain showed slow cooling (~ 100-65Ma), the average cooling rate of -0.08 DEG /Ma; Paleogene period, Huachuan East small Xingan mountain and Sanjiang basin and Fujin uplift into rapid cooling stage (-50-30Ma) on average, the cooling rate with 3-8 DEG /Ma, and the Nadanhada range and zhangguangcai range for slow cooling stage (-65-23Ma), the average cooling rate with 0.14-C/Ma; new tertiary - quaternary period (23-OMa), Heilongjiang eastern region generally experienced a relatively slow cooling stage, the average cooling rate for 0.14-0.3.C/Ma. comprehensive analysis of tectonic deformation and the main basin ridge basin unit low-temperature thermochronology, and previous detrital zircon geochronology, sedimentary palaeogeography, tectonic deformation and low temperature thermochronology study, that the early Middle Jurassic early (-200-170Ma) rapid stripping Xingan small dew hump - zhangguangcailing rise possible collision orogeny and the Jiamusi block and the block, and this time the plots may constitute a foreland basin and its spatio-temporal coupling process; Middle Jurassic Early Cretaceous (165-101Ma) Xingan - zhangguangcailing in a slow exhumation stage, roughly corresponding in eastern Heilongjiang, northeast Chinese more extensive extensional rifting, followed by large heat subsequent depression process, The formation of large basin depression in Songliao Basin and Sanjiang basin in eastern Heilongjiang as the representative of the stretching process of land in this area may be related to the Mongolia Okhotsk orogenic collapse and the subduction of the paleo Pacific plate back joint action of the two dynamic systems; the late Cretaceous period (five 100-66Ma) China northeast suffered increasing the extrusion stress, experienced from east to West compressional uplift expansion process, the eastern region of Heilongjiang rapid uplift occurred in the Songliao Basin and Wu 95-70Ma, during 70-65Ma began large-scale tectonic compression and inversion uplift, change may reflect the activity of Northeast Asia to the Western Pacific continental type reason Andean type during the Paleogene; (50-30Ma), small Xingan mountain and Sanjiang basin Huachuan uplift rapid uplift may record the Cenozoic extensional background control subsidence fault under the disc is The process of uplift and exudation reflects the extensive extension of the East Asian continental margin caused by the subduction of the Pacific plate in the subduction side of the Pacific plate.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P542;P597.3
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本文編號：1514840