本文關(guān)鍵詞：銀川平原不同類型濕地碳匯評估研究　出處：《寧夏大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 銀川平原 不同類型濕地 碳匯 評估

【摘要】：濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)具有很強(qiáng)的碳匯能力,在全球碳循環(huán)中占有重要地位。本研究以銀川平原濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)為研究區(qū)域,以生態(tài)系統(tǒng)演替理論、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理理論、碳匯理論等為理論指導(dǎo),選擇銀川平原濕地恢復(fù)與保護(hù)工程實(shí)施前期(2000年)、中期(2005年,2010年)和近期(2014年)四期TM影像,采用野外調(diào)查采樣、實(shí)驗(yàn)室測定和“3S”技術(shù)相結(jié)合的方法,通過建立判讀標(biāo)志、野外定位觀測、室內(nèi)解譯等步驟,獲取4個(gè)年份4類濕地的相關(guān)遙感數(shù)據(jù),構(gòu)建了4類濕地RS-MLRM(多元線性回歸遙感估測模型)�；赗S-MLRM,對4類濕地生物量、植被碳含量、土壤碳含量、碳儲(chǔ)量及碳匯能力進(jìn)行分析和評估。研究成果為該區(qū)域碳匯功能動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測、促進(jìn)區(qū)域濕地碳循環(huán)、提升區(qū)域碳匯能力提供理論與方法創(chuàng)新,同時(shí)為我國旱區(qū)濕地碳匯功能研究提供科學(xué)依據(jù)和理論指導(dǎo),對進(jìn)一步研究全球氣候背景下的濕地碳動(dòng)態(tài)測評有參考意義。主要結(jié)論如下：(1)構(gòu)建了銀川平原不同類型濕地RS-MLRMo銀川平原濕地地上-地下植被生物量的遙感信息估測總模型為比值植被指數(shù)(RVI)、歸一化植被指數(shù)(NDVI)、紋理測度值均值(ME)、第2主成分(PC2)4因子模型：河流生物量估測模型為修改型土壤調(diào)整植被指數(shù)(MSVI),第2主成分(PC2)2因子模型；湖泊濕地生物量模型為比值植被指數(shù)(RVI)、歸一化植被指數(shù)(NDVI)、紋理測度值均值(ME)3因子模型；沼澤濕地生物量估測模型為比值植被指數(shù)(RVI)、歸一化植被指數(shù)(NDVI)、紋理測度值均值(ME)、第2主成分(PC2)4因子模型；人工濕地比值植被指數(shù)(RVI)、歸一化植被指數(shù)(NDVI)、紋理測度值均值信息熵(EN)、差值植被指數(shù)(DVI)、第2主成分(PC2)、紋理測度值均值(ME)6因子估測模型；在此基礎(chǔ)上得到不同類型濕地的植被地上-地下碳含量最優(yōu)估測模型。土壤有機(jī)碳含量以地上生物量(AGB)、土壤總氮(TN)2因子模型為最優(yōu)估測模型。結(jié)果表明,RS-MLRM具有較好的反演精度和預(yù)測能力,其模型顯著性檢驗(yàn)為極顯著,比傳統(tǒng)的RS-LAIM(基于葉面積指數(shù)的一元回歸遙感估測模型)具有更高的精度和可靠性。(2)2000～2014年2000～2014年銀川平原濕地多年平均生物量的波動(dòng)范圍為2230.89～4058.07 g/m2,均值為2931.03 g/m2,總生物量集中分布在1745.88～6773.78g/m2范圍,生物量分布等級經(jīng)歷了由不平衡發(fā)展到平衡發(fā)展過程,趨向平衡方向發(fā)展；2014年,高等級生物量斑塊面積增加,低等級生物量斑塊面積減少。不同類型濕地的多年平均生物量沼澤濕地湖泊濕地人工濕地河流濕地,且年際波動(dòng)存在較大差異。生物量分布存在較大的空間差異,呈現(xiàn)出中部和西南部地區(qū)較高,東北部低的分布規(guī)律,中部和西南部穩(wěn)定性較高,7個(gè)重點(diǎn)濕地生物量變化與銀川平原濕地變化基本一致。(3)2000～2014年,銀川平原濕地碳儲(chǔ)量密度呈由不均衡-均衡的方向發(fā)展,植被碳含量和土壤有機(jī)碳密度均呈現(xiàn)先減少后增加的趨勢,呈現(xiàn)出碳匯集的現(xiàn)象；不同類型濕地的年際波動(dòng)存在較大差異,空間分布整體上中部地區(qū)和西南部地區(qū)較高,東北部地區(qū)較低。多年平均植被碳含量的波動(dòng)范圍為891.54-1629.49gC/m2,均值為1174.31 gC/m2,CV(變異系數(shù))為29.42%,土壤碳密度的波動(dòng)范圍為2913.58～3342.29 gC/m2,均值為2461.03gC/m2, CV為27.39%；銀川平原濕地土壤碳含量和碳密度最大,其土壤碳密度約是植被碳總含量的1.27倍,是銀川平原濕地的主要碳儲(chǔ)存載體,在銀川平原濕地碳循環(huán)中具有重要的地位和作用。7個(gè)重點(diǎn)濕地碳儲(chǔ)量變化與銀川平原濕地變化基本一致。銀川平原濕地碳儲(chǔ)量分布與植被生物量密切相關(guān),植被生物量高的區(qū)域其總碳儲(chǔ)量也較高；與植被生物量空間分布呈現(xiàn)相似的特征。(4)為了更好地表明銀川平原濕地碳匯能力的變化情況,本研究提出絕對碳匯能力和相對碳匯能力兩個(gè)概念。同時(shí)從絕對碳匯能力、相對碳匯能力、基于IPCC規(guī)則的庫-差別法的碳匯量測評及固碳釋氧量4個(gè)方面對2000～2014年銀川平原濕地的碳匯能力進(jìn)行了評估。結(jié)果表明,2000～2014年銀川平原濕地的碳匯能力經(jīng)歷了先下降后上升的過程,。2000-2005年碳匯能力呈下降趨勢,2010～2014年呈上升趨勢,2014年濕地的碳匯能力提升明顯。不同類型濕地的絕對碳匯能力和相對碳匯能力變化一致,為沼澤濕地湖泊濕地人工濕地河流濕地。2000～2014年4類濕地固碳釋氧量均出現(xiàn)了先減后增的趨勢,整體上呈增加趨勢,分別增加了37.68%和38.21%。2014年,研究區(qū)濕地碳匯能力已接近中國森林的平均碳匯能力,濕地碳匯能力增強(qiáng)顯著,這表明濕地恢復(fù)與保護(hù)成效顯著。7個(gè)重點(diǎn)濕地碳匯能力分別為青銅峽庫區(qū)吳忠黃河濕地沙湖黃沙古渡星海湖閱海鳴翠湖,其四個(gè)時(shí)期碳匯能力變化與銀川平原濕地基本一致。
[Abstract]:Wetland ecosystem has strong carbon sequestration capacity, plays an important role in the global carbon cycle. In this study, the ecosystem of Yinchuan wetland plain as the study area, the ecosystem succession theory, ecosystem management theory, carbon sink theory, Yin Chuanping original wetland restoration and protection project implementation period (2000), mid (2005, 2010) and recent (2014) four TM images, by field investigation and sampling, laboratory test method and "3S" technology combined, through the establishment of interpretation signs, field observation and indoor interpretation steps related to remote sensing data acquisition 4 years 4 kinds of wetland, constructed 4 kinds of wetland RS-MLRM (multiple linear regression estimation model). Based on RS-MLRM, 4 kinds of wetland vegetation biomass, soil carbon content, carbon content, carbon sequestration and the ability to analyze and evaluate the research results for the regional carbon. Exchange function of dynamic monitoring, the promotion of regional wetland carbon cycle, enhance carbon sequestration capacity region provides theory and method innovation, and provide scientific and theoretical basis for the study of carbon sequestration function arid wetland in China, has the reference value for the further study of wetland carbon dynamic evaluation under the background of global climate. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) construction of remote sensing information the general estimation model of Yinchuan plain different types of wetlands in Yinchuan plain wetland RS-MLRMo below ground vegetation biomass ratio vegetation index (RVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the mean value of texture measure (ME), the second principal component (PC2) 4 factor model: River biomass estimation model modified soil adjusted vegetation index (MSVI), the second principal component (PC2) 2 factor model; Lake Wetland biomass model for the ratio vegetation index (RVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the mean value of texture measure (ME) 3 factor model; Marsh biomass estimation model for the ratio vegetation index (RVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the mean value of texture measure (ME), the second principal component (PC2) 4 factor model; artificial wetland ratio vegetation index (RVI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), texture measure mean information entropy (EN), difference vegetation index (DVI), the second principal component (PC2), the mean value of texture measure (ME) 6 factor estimation model; on the basis of the different types of wetland vegetation on underground carbon content of optimal estimation model. The content of soil organic carbon in aboveground biomass (AGB), soil total nitrogen (TN) 2 factor model for optimal estimation model. The results show that RS-MLRM has better retrieval accuracy and predictive ability of the model test of significance is very significant, than the traditional RS-LAIM (a leaf area index regression estimation model based on Remote Sensing) has higher precision and reliability. (2) from 2000 to 2014 2 From 000 to 2014 in Yinchuan plain wetland range of average biomass is 2230.89 ~ 4058.07 g/m2, the average is 2931.03 g/m2, the total biomass concentrated in the range of 1745.88 ~ 6773.78g/m2, the biomass distribution level experienced by the unbalanced to balanced development process, trend of balanced development; in 2014, the high grade biomass patch area increased low level, the biomass of patch area decreased. The average biomass of marsh wetland wetland wetland rivers of different types of wetlands, and the interannual fluctuations are quite different. The biomass distribution have great spatial differences, showing a higher central and southwestern regions, distribution of northeast, central and southwestern high stability 7, the change of Wetland in Yinchuan Plain Wetland on biomass and the consistent change. (3) from 2000 to 2014, the Yinchuan plain wetland carbon storage density was from The unbalanced - balanced direction, vegetation carbon content and soil organic carbon density were decreased firstly and then increased, showing the phenomenon of carbon pool; there is a big difference between the annual fluctuation of different types of wetlands, the spatial distribution of the whole central region and the southwest high, northeast area is relatively low. The fluctuation range of the average vegetation the carbon content is 891.54-1629.49gC/m2 years, mean 1174.31 gC/m2, CV (coefficient of variation) was 29.42%, the fluctuation range of soil carbon density is 2913.58 ~ 3342.29 gC/m2, mean 2461.03gC/m2, CV 27.39%; Yinchuan plain wetland soil carbon content and carbon density, the soil carbon density is about 1.27 times the total vegetation carbon content that is the main carrier of carbon storage in Yinchuan plain wetland, wetland has the status and role of.7 on wetland carbon storage in the Yinchuan plain and important change in Yinchuan plain wetland carbon cycle Consistent. Closely related to the carbon storage and distribution of vegetation biomass in the Yinchuan plain wetland vegetation biomass in areas of high total carbon reserves is higher; showing similar characteristics and spatial distribution of vegetation biomass. (4) in order to show that the changes of carbon sequestration in Yinchuan plain wetland, this study proposes the absolute carbon sequestration capacity and the carbon sequestration capacity of two concepts. At the same time from the absolute relative carbon sequestration, carbon sequestration, carbon amount evaluation rules of IPCC Library - difference method and carbon fixation and oxygen release of the 4 aspects of the 2000 ~ 2014 in Yinchuan plain wetland based on carbon sequestration capacity were evaluated. The results showed that from 2000 to 2014 in Yinchuan plain wetland carbon sequestration experience the process of the first decline after rising,.2000-2005 annual carbon sequestration capacity decreased from 2010 to 2014 showed a rising trend in 2014, wetland carbon sequestration capacity improved significantly. Different types of wetlands in the vast The carbon sequestration capacity and carbon sequestration capacity relative to the same change for marsh Lake Wetland wetland River Wetland.2000 ~ 2014 4 kinds of wetland carbon fixation and oxygen release were first decreased and then increased trend, the overall increased, increased by 37.68% and 38.21%.2014 years, the average carbon sequestration capacity of wetland carbon sequestration research area is close to Chinese the forest, significantly enhance carbon sequestration capacity of wetland, which indicated that the wetland restoration and protection effect of.7 on wetland carbon sequestration capacity were Wu Zhong Qingtongxia reservoir area of the Yellow River wetland in Shahu Xinghai Lake huangshagudu Yuehai Mingcui Lake wetland change, carbon sequestration capacity of the four period and Yinchuan plain are basically the same.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：Q14
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本文編號：1424401