本文關鍵詞：中緯度臨近空間大氣風場變化特性研究　出處：《中國科學院國家空間科學中心》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 臨近空間 中緯度 中間層和低熱層 大氣風場 大氣行星波 大氣潮汐波 大氣重力波 平流層爆發(fā)性增溫 中頻雷達 流星雷達 WACCM模式

【摘要】：本文主要研究區(qū)域為20-100 km臨近空間大氣,包含平流層、中間層和低熱層,是地球大氣的重要組成部分。臨近空間同時受空間環(huán)境以及低層大氣的影響,存在復雜的現(xiàn)象和變化特性。大氣風場對臨近空間大氣能量和動量傳輸過程起到重要的作用,直接影響臨近空間的動力學、環(huán)流結構,對臨近空間的熱力學和化學傳輸也有深遠影響。中緯度臨近空間大氣風場存在顯著的多尺度變化特性,具體特征有別于其他緯度,是低緯向高緯的過渡帶。開展中緯度臨近空間大氣風場的研究,有助于理解中緯度臨近空間大氣環(huán)境特性,并可促進全球耦合研究。本文以中緯度臨近空間大氣風場為研究對象,重點圍繞大氣潮汐波和平流層爆發(fā)性增溫事件誘發(fā)的大氣活動規(guī)律進行了深入研究。本文的主要內容有以下幾點:(1)利用MERRA再分析資料和URAP資料對WACCM模擬的臨近空間大氣(20-100 km)緯圈平均緯向風、經(jīng)向風的季節(jié)變化進行檢驗。結果表明,WACCM能夠較好地模擬全球臨近空間大氣風場的氣候特征,可較準確地給出北半球的緯向風,表明WACCM模式可用于對北半球中緯度臨近空間大氣風場進行深入的研究。(2)利用中國廊坊站(39.4°N,116.7°W)流星雷達整一年的水平風場觀測資料分析廊坊MLT區(qū)域(80-100 km)大氣平均緯向風和經(jīng)向風隨高度和季節(jié)的變化特征。結果表明平均緯向風和經(jīng)向風都表現(xiàn)出顯著的季節(jié)變化。平均緯向風在冬季MLT盛行西風,極大值位于中間層,西風隨高度增加而減弱;夏季中間層為東風,低熱層為強西風,風向轉換高度位于~82km。平均經(jīng)向風在冬季以南風為主,在夏季盛行北風。平均緯向風和經(jīng)向風在春、秋兩季為冬季特征和夏季特征的過渡階段。流星雷達觀測結果與WACCM4模式和HWM93模式模擬的氣候變化特點基本一致。(3)利用廊坊流星雷達分析了廊坊上空MLT大氣緯向風、經(jīng)向風潮汐的季節(jié)變化特征。廊坊MLT區(qū)域周日潮汐和半日潮汐波動都比較顯著,有明顯的季節(jié)變化特征。周日潮汐振幅在88 km以下為半年變化,極大值位于2-3月和10月,極小值位于冬、夏季;在88 km以上為周年變化,振幅冬末春初最強,最大值出現(xiàn)在2月位于92 km,緯向分量和經(jīng)向分量分別為42 m/s和38 m/s,最小值位于夏季。周日潮汐相位在秋、冬季比春、夏季提前。半日潮汐主要呈現(xiàn)半年變化,在5月和9月最強,振幅在9月(~24 m/s)略強于5月(~20 m/s),極小值位于冬、夏季。半日潮汐相位在春、夏季比秋、冬季提前。此外,廊坊風場潮汐的觀測結果與WACCM4模式模擬結果進行了比較,結果表明兩者的主要特征有較明顯的區(qū)別。與40°N附近其他站點風場潮汐觀測結果的比較結果表明中緯度MLT風場潮汐有顯著的隨經(jīng)度變化特性。(4)利用廊坊MF雷達和MERRA再分析資料完整呈現(xiàn)了廊坊上空臨近空間(20-100 km)緯向風對2010年和2013年SSW事件的響應,同時與Fort Collins(41°N,105°W)上空緯向風對2009年SSW事件的響應進行了比較。結果顯示緯向風對SSW都存在響應,但在表現(xiàn)出不同的細節(jié),主要是反轉高度區(qū)域。利用SD-WACCM模式模擬結果分析SSW期間形勢場,結果顯示,在SSW期間,行星波波1和波2有強烈活動,中緯度緯圈平均緯向風減弱為弱西風。受行星波相位的調制作用,同緯度緯向風對SSW的響應隨經(jīng)度變化。由于行星波相位隨高度向西傾斜,導致中緯度地區(qū)臨近空間不同區(qū)域的變化不同。(5)利用SD-WACCM模式的2013年SSW期間全球大氣形勢,對中緯度臨近空間大氣緯圈平均特征進行了動力學診斷分析。結果表明,SSW期間,行星波(PW1和PW2)活動、重力波(鋒面激發(fā)重力波、對流激發(fā)重力波和地形重力波)傳播過程、剩余環(huán)流都發(fā)生了明顯的變化,對臨近空間緯向風的發(fā)展起不同作用。剩余環(huán)流與溫度異常有直接關系。本章揭示了引起中緯度大氣變化的物理機制。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the main research area is 20-100 km near space atmosphere, including the stratosphere, mesosphere and lower thermosphere, is an important part of the earth's atmosphere. The near space is also affected by the space environment and the lower atmosphere, and the existence of the phenomenon of change of complex characteristics. Atmospheric wind field is an important effect for near space atmospheric energy and momentum the transmission process, structural dynamics, directly affect the near space circulation, thermodynamic and chemical transmission of near space also has a far-reaching influence. In the mid latitude near space atmospheric wind field has multi-scale variation characteristics significantly, specific characteristics different from other latitudes, low latitude to high latitude transition zone. In mid latitude near the research atmospheric wind field space, it can help to understand the characteristics of the space environment near latitude atmosphere, and promote global coupling research. This paper takes the mid latitude near space atmospheric wind field as the research object, Focus on the activities of the atmosphere atmospheric tidal waves and stratospheric sudden warming events induced by in-depth research. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) analysis of near space atmospheric simulation data and URAP data of WACCM by MERRA (20-100 km) zonal mean zonal wind, the seasonal variation of the wind test. The results show that WACCM can simulate the global climate characteristics near atmospheric wind field space, can accurately give the northern hemisphere zonal wind, which shows that the WACCM model can be used in the mid latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere near space atmospheric wind field for further study. (2) the Chinese LangFang Railway Station (39.4 ~ N, 116.7 W) meteor radar wind for a whole year of field observation data analysis of Langfang MLT region (80-100 km) average atmospheric zonal wind and meridional wind with altitude and seasonal variation characteristics. Mean zonal wind and meridional wind are the A significant seasonal variation. The mean zonal wind in winter MLT prevailing westerly winds, maximum wind in the middle layer, decreased with increase in height; the middle layer is the summer wind, low layer is a strong westerly wind direction changing, located at the height of ~82km. average meridional wind in winter in South, in summer. The mean zonal wind and northly wind the wind in spring, winter and summer transition characteristics characteristics of the autumn season two. Meteor radar observations of the characteristics of climate change are simulated with WACCM4 model and HWM93 model are basically the same. (3) analysis of the Langfang air MLT atmospheric zonal wind using the Langfang meteor radar, the seasonal variation trend of Xi to Langfang MLT. Regional Sunday tides and semidiurnal tidal fluctuations are more significant, there are significant seasonal variation. Sunday tidal amplitude is below 88 km for half a year change, the maximum in 2-3 and October, minimum in winter and summer; In the above 88 km annual variation amplitude, the strongest in late winter and early spring, the maximum value in February is 92 km, zonal and meridional component are respectively 42 m/s and 38 m/s, the minimum value in the summer. On Sunday the tidal phase in autumn and winter than in spring and summer in advance. The main semidiurnal tide appears semi annual variation in May and September, the strongest amplitude in September (~24 m/s) is slightly stronger than in May (~20 m/s), the minimum value in winter and summer. The semidiurnal tide phase in spring and summer than in autumn and winter in advance. In addition, the Langfang wind tidal observations and results of WACCM4 model were compared. The results show that the main features of the two has more obvious difference. Results compared with the 40 N near other sites of wind tides show that mid latitude MLT wind tide have significant variation with longitude. (4) showed a complete reanalysis data over Langfang near space using the Langfang MF radar and MERRA (20 -100 km) on 2010 and 2013 in response to the zonal wind SSW events, while Fort and Collins (41 ~ N, 105 ~ W) response over the zonal wind of 2009 SSW events were compared. The results showed that there are zonal wind response to SSW, but different in detail, mainly is the inversion height region. The simulation results of SSW situation during field, the result shows that the use of SD-WACCM mode, during SSW, planetary wave 1 and wave 2 has a strong activity, in the mid latitude zonal mean zonal winds weaken the weak westerly. Affected by the planetary wave phase modulation, the same latitude zonal wind of SSW response with the longitude changes. Due to the planetary wave phase tilt westward with increasing height, resulting in changes in latitudes near space in different regions and different. (5) the SD-WACCM model of global atmospheric situation during SSW 2013, the mid latitude near space atmospheric zonal mean characteristics of the dynamic diagnostic analysis. The results showed that during SSW, planetary waves (PW1 and PW2), gravity waves (frontal gravity waves excited, excited convective gravity wave and gravity wave propagation), residual circulation have undergone significant changes, play a different role in the development of near space zonal wind. There is a direct relationship between the remaining ring flow and temperature anomalies this chapter reveals the physical mechanism caused by the mid latitude atmospheric changes.

【學位授予單位】：中國科學院國家空間科學中心
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P425

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