發(fā)布時間：2018-01-03 02:14

  本文關鍵詞：單頻BDS精密定位關鍵理論與模型研究　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： GNSS BDS 周跳探測 模糊度解算 多路徑延遲 可靠性分析

【摘要】：北斗衛(wèi)星導航系統(BDS)是我國自主研發(fā)的衛(wèi)星導航定位系統,已于2012年12月27日正式提供區(qū)域服務。目前BDS高精度應用多采用三頻或雙頻接收機,其成本較昂貴,極大限制了BDS在橋梁等大型工程監(jiān)測、精細農業(yè)、人員精確定位等相關領域的發(fā)展和應用,因此研究單頻BDS接收機實現高精度導航定位,不僅有利于BDS相關學科理論與技術進步,而且對BDS的推廣應用也有重要的實際意義。論文針對單頻BDS高精度定位中的關鍵問題開展研究,包括周跳探測、單歷元模糊度解算、多路徑誤差建模和單頻定位可靠性分析等等。取得的主要成果如下:(1)系統研究了常用的單頻載波相位周跳探測方法,提出一種基于卡爾曼濾波的單頻BDS周跳探測方法,并進行了實例驗證,分析了周跳探測結果與BDS星座衛(wèi)星的關系。(2)提出了一種基于最小二乘的級聯單頻單歷元模糊度固定方法,該方法采用BDS單歷元測碼偽距和單頻載波相位觀測值組成的雙差觀測方程與基線長度約束方程進行最小二乘解算,獲得模糊度浮點解方差-協方差陣,根據模糊度浮點解精度對雙差模糊度進行(2,1,1,…,1)分級處理,基于Par Lambda算法分批次固定雙差模糊度,有效提高了模糊度固定成功率和搜索效率。(3)研究了BDS三種不同衛(wèi)星星座的運行周期,發(fā)現GEO衛(wèi)星的軌道重復周期波動較大,同一衛(wèi)星的最大波動幅度可達40秒,相比較而言MEO衛(wèi)星表現的較為穩(wěn)定,IGSO衛(wèi)星的軌道重復周期最為穩(wěn)定;GEO、IGSO衛(wèi)星在任意相鄰兩天的運行軌跡均具有較好的重復性,而對MEO衛(wèi)星來說,在相鄰兩天沒有任何相關性,卻與相隔7天的運行軌跡表現出了極強的相關性。(4)利用單差殘差法提取出相鄰兩天、間隔7天中同一時段內可見衛(wèi)星的單差殘差,同一衛(wèi)星的單差殘差在相鄰兩天最大互相關系數出現位置與該衛(wèi)星的軌道運行重復周期的時間提前量一致的,提取的多路徑誤差的周期性與衛(wèi)星的軌道運行重復周期的時間提前量保持一致。(5)提出了以MDB為模型誤差計算有偏估計成功率并對模糊度解算的正確性進行評價,分別以碼觀測和相位觀測進行了仿真實驗,表明亞太地區(qū)BDS固定成功率高于GPS系統,同時得出了存在碼觀測MDB和相位觀測MDB等情形時的有偏估計成功率大小的規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Beidou Satellite Navigation system (BDS) is a self-developed satellite navigation and positioning system in China. In December 27th 2012, the area service has been officially provided. At present, BDS high-precision applications mostly use three-frequency or dual-frequency receiver, which is more expensive, which greatly limits the monitoring of BDS in bridges and other large-scale projects. The development and application of precision agriculture, precise positioning of personnel and other related fields, so the study of single-frequency BDS receiver to achieve high-precision navigation and positioning, is not only conducive to the theory and technical progress of BDS related disciplines. And it has important practical significance for the popularization and application of BDS. This paper focuses on the key problems in high-precision positioning of single-frequency BDS, including cycle slip detection, ambiguity resolution of single epoch. Multi-path error modeling and reliability analysis of single-frequency positioning. The main achievements are as follows: 1) the commonly used single-frequency carrier phase cycle slip detection methods are studied in this paper. A single frequency BDS cycle slip detection method based on Kalman filter is proposed and verified by an example. The relationship between the cycle slip detection results and the BDS constellation satellite is analyzed. A method based on least squares is proposed to fix the ambiguity of single epoch of cascaded single frequency. In this method, the two-difference observation equation composed of the pseudo-range of BDS single epoch code and the observation value of single-frequency carrier phase and the baseline length constraint equation are used to solve the least square solution, and the variance-covariance matrix of ambiguity floating point solution is obtained. According to the precision of the floating-point solution of ambiguity, the double difference ambiguity is classified and fixed in batches based on Par Lambda algorithm. Effectively improve the ambiguity fixed success rate and search efficiency. (3) studied the BDS three different satellite constellation operation cycle, found that the GEO satellite orbit repeat cycle fluctuations are large. The maximum fluctuation range of the same satellite can reach 40 seconds. Compared with the MEO satellite, the orbit repetition period of the MEO satellite is the most stable. The orbit of GEO-IGSO satellite has good repeatability in any two adjacent days, but for MEO satellite, there is no correlation between the two adjacent days. However, it shows a strong correlation with the track of 7 days.) using the single difference residual method, the single difference residuals of the satellite can be seen in the same time period of the adjacent two days and the interval of 7 days. The position of the single difference residuals of the same satellite at the maximum number of mutual relations between two adjacent days is the same as the time advance of the repeat period of the orbit of the same satellite. The periodicity of the extracted multipath error is consistent with the time advance of the repeated period of orbit operation of the satellite. The success rate of biased estimation based on MDB model error calculation is proposed and the correctness of ambiguity resolution is evaluated. Simulation experiments with code observation and phase observation show that the success rate of BDS fixation in Asia-Pacific region is higher than that of GPS system. At the same time, the law of the success rate of biased estimation in the presence of code observation MDB and phase observation MDB is obtained.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN967.1;P228

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