本文關(guān)鍵詞：單頻BDS精密定位關(guān)鍵理論與模型研究　出處：《中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： GNSS BDS 周跳探測(cè) 模糊度解算 多路徑延遲 可靠性分析

【摘要】：北斗衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)(BDS)是我國(guó)自主研發(fā)的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航定位系統(tǒng),已于2012年12月27日正式提供區(qū)域服務(wù)。目前BDS高精度應(yīng)用多采用三頻或雙頻接收機(jī),其成本較昂貴,極大限制了BDS在橋梁等大型工程監(jiān)測(cè)、精細(xì)農(nóng)業(yè)、人員精確定位等相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用,因此研究單頻BDS接收機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)高精度導(dǎo)航定位,不僅有利于BDS相關(guān)學(xué)科理論與技術(shù)進(jìn)步,而且對(duì)BDS的推廣應(yīng)用也有重要的實(shí)際意義。論文針對(duì)單頻BDS高精度定位中的關(guān)鍵問題開展研究,包括周跳探測(cè)、單歷元模糊度解算、多路徑誤差建模和單頻定位可靠性分析等等。取得的主要成果如下:(1)系統(tǒng)研究了常用的單頻載波相位周跳探測(cè)方法,提出一種基于卡爾曼濾波的單頻BDS周跳探測(cè)方法,并進(jìn)行了實(shí)例驗(yàn)證,分析了周跳探測(cè)結(jié)果與BDS星座衛(wèi)星的關(guān)系。(2)提出了一種基于最小二乘的級(jí)聯(lián)單頻單歷元模糊度固定方法,該方法采用BDS單歷元測(cè)碼偽距和單頻載波相位觀測(cè)值組成的雙差觀測(cè)方程與基線長(zhǎng)度約束方程進(jìn)行最小二乘解算,獲得模糊度浮點(diǎn)解方差-協(xié)方差陣,根據(jù)模糊度浮點(diǎn)解精度對(duì)雙差模糊度進(jìn)行(2,1,1,…,1)分級(jí)處理,基于Par Lambda算法分批次固定雙差模糊度,有效提高了模糊度固定成功率和搜索效率。(3)研究了BDS三種不同衛(wèi)星星座的運(yùn)行周期,發(fā)現(xiàn)GEO衛(wèi)星的軌道重復(fù)周期波動(dòng)較大,同一衛(wèi)星的最大波動(dòng)幅度可達(dá)40秒,相比較而言MEO衛(wèi)星表現(xiàn)的較為穩(wěn)定,IGSO衛(wèi)星的軌道重復(fù)周期最為穩(wěn)定;GEO、IGSO衛(wèi)星在任意相鄰兩天的運(yùn)行軌跡均具有較好的重復(fù)性,而對(duì)MEO衛(wèi)星來說,在相鄰兩天沒有任何相關(guān)性,卻與相隔7天的運(yùn)行軌跡表現(xiàn)出了極強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性。(4)利用單差殘差法提取出相鄰兩天、間隔7天中同一時(shí)段內(nèi)可見衛(wèi)星的單差殘差,同一衛(wèi)星的單差殘差在相鄰兩天最大互相關(guān)系數(shù)出現(xiàn)位置與該衛(wèi)星的軌道運(yùn)行重復(fù)周期的時(shí)間提前量一致的,提取的多路徑誤差的周期性與衛(wèi)星的軌道運(yùn)行重復(fù)周期的時(shí)間提前量保持一致。(5)提出了以MDB為模型誤差計(jì)算有偏估計(jì)成功率并對(duì)模糊度解算的正確性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),分別以碼觀測(cè)和相位觀測(cè)進(jìn)行了仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),表明亞太地區(qū)BDS固定成功率高于GPS系統(tǒng),同時(shí)得出了存在碼觀測(cè)MDB和相位觀測(cè)MDB等情形時(shí)的有偏估計(jì)成功率大小的規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Beidou Satellite Navigation system (BDS) is a self-developed satellite navigation and positioning system in China. In December 27th 2012, the area service has been officially provided. At present, BDS high-precision applications mostly use three-frequency or dual-frequency receiver, which is more expensive, which greatly limits the monitoring of BDS in bridges and other large-scale projects. The development and application of precision agriculture, precise positioning of personnel and other related fields, so the study of single-frequency BDS receiver to achieve high-precision navigation and positioning, is not only conducive to the theory and technical progress of BDS related disciplines. And it has important practical significance for the popularization and application of BDS. This paper focuses on the key problems in high-precision positioning of single-frequency BDS, including cycle slip detection, ambiguity resolution of single epoch. Multi-path error modeling and reliability analysis of single-frequency positioning. The main achievements are as follows: 1) the commonly used single-frequency carrier phase cycle slip detection methods are studied in this paper. A single frequency BDS cycle slip detection method based on Kalman filter is proposed and verified by an example. The relationship between the cycle slip detection results and the BDS constellation satellite is analyzed. A method based on least squares is proposed to fix the ambiguity of single epoch of cascaded single frequency. In this method, the two-difference observation equation composed of the pseudo-range of BDS single epoch code and the observation value of single-frequency carrier phase and the baseline length constraint equation are used to solve the least square solution, and the variance-covariance matrix of ambiguity floating point solution is obtained. According to the precision of the floating-point solution of ambiguity, the double difference ambiguity is classified and fixed in batches based on Par Lambda algorithm. Effectively improve the ambiguity fixed success rate and search efficiency. (3) studied the BDS three different satellite constellation operation cycle, found that the GEO satellite orbit repeat cycle fluctuations are large. The maximum fluctuation range of the same satellite can reach 40 seconds. Compared with the MEO satellite, the orbit repetition period of the MEO satellite is the most stable. The orbit of GEO-IGSO satellite has good repeatability in any two adjacent days, but for MEO satellite, there is no correlation between the two adjacent days. However, it shows a strong correlation with the track of 7 days.) using the single difference residual method, the single difference residuals of the satellite can be seen in the same time period of the adjacent two days and the interval of 7 days. The position of the single difference residuals of the same satellite at the maximum number of mutual relations between two adjacent days is the same as the time advance of the repeat period of the orbit of the same satellite. The periodicity of the extracted multipath error is consistent with the time advance of the repeated period of orbit operation of the satellite. The success rate of biased estimation based on MDB model error calculation is proposed and the correctness of ambiguity resolution is evaluated. Simulation experiments with code observation and phase observation show that the success rate of BDS fixation in Asia-Pacific region is higher than that of GPS system. At the same time, the law of the success rate of biased estimation in the presence of code observation MDB and phase observation MDB is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN967.1;P228

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