本文關(guān)鍵詞：物理學(xué)中對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象的語(yǔ)境分析及其意義　出處：《山西大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象是自然界中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象,在人類社會(huì)發(fā)展早期就已經(jīng)被關(guān)注,并在古希臘時(shí)期做出記錄,同時(shí)應(yīng)用于社會(huì)生活的各個(gè)方面,從中形成簡(jiǎn)單、相似等樸素的美學(xué)觀點(diǎn)。對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象的系統(tǒng)化研究在上個(gè)世紀(jì)中葉得到長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展,特別是在物理學(xué)領(lǐng)域。在完成對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象研究的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)、發(fā)展并形成對(duì)稱理論。本文研究物理學(xué)中的對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象,找出實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)稱變換的客體,表征對(duì)稱變換的語(yǔ)言,推演對(duì)稱變換的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu),把握對(duì)稱關(guān)系的本質(zhì)特征；接著分析對(duì)稱變換的各種形式空間,理清對(duì)稱關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)路徑；然后分析各個(gè)物理學(xué)分支學(xué)科中的對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象,通過(guò)解釋物理意義,把握對(duì)稱關(guān)系的形式特征和句法特征,強(qiáng)化對(duì)稱理論的真理性和可接受性,豐富科學(xué)理論語(yǔ)境分析的意義。本論文分為四個(gè)部分,具體是序言、第1-2章、第3-10章和結(jié)束語(yǔ)。序言部分交代本論文的寫(xiě)作背景,包括對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,語(yǔ)境分析方法的使用情況等內(nèi)容。然后介紹對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象語(yǔ)境分析的目的和意義,寫(xiě)作以此為目標(biāo),基本思路具體展開(kāi),最后總結(jié)創(chuàng)新之處和不足之處,指明下一步工作方向。第二部分包括論文的第1、2章,這兩章揭示對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象的本體論基礎(chǔ)和認(rèn)識(shí)論路徑。按照認(rèn)識(shí)的先后順序,第一章是對(duì)稱概念的認(rèn)識(shí)論路徑。這章中首先分析各種空間中建構(gòu)出與對(duì)稱相關(guān)的概念,然后實(shí)現(xiàn)由對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象的認(rèn)識(shí)到對(duì)稱關(guān)系的把握的轉(zhuǎn)變,并總結(jié)得到對(duì)稱理論。語(yǔ)境分析作為科學(xué)哲學(xué)中的一種重要的分析方法,運(yùn)用到對(duì)稱理論研究中,在具體的語(yǔ)形、語(yǔ)義和語(yǔ)用層面分析對(duì)稱理論并闡述其意義。第二章分析對(duì)稱變換的本體論基礎(chǔ),呈現(xiàn)對(duì)稱關(guān)系的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)及其特征。這章分為兩個(gè)部分,一部分是與對(duì)稱相關(guān)的概念的分析與建構(gòu),包括與對(duì)稱相關(guān)的對(duì)象、語(yǔ)詞、概念,以及對(duì)稱概念的內(nèi)涵和外延的界定；另一部分,分析與對(duì)稱相關(guān)的語(yǔ)言和命題,實(shí)現(xiàn)由日常語(yǔ)言向科學(xué)語(yǔ)言再向科學(xué)命題的轉(zhuǎn)變。第三部分是第3-10章,是文章的主體部分,介紹物理學(xué)中對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象的語(yǔ)境分析及其意義。這一部分列舉八個(gè)物理學(xué)分支學(xué)科,并不是全部物理學(xué)分支學(xué)科,但較為全面,且具有代表性,包括經(jīng)典物理學(xué)、固體物理學(xué)、熱物理學(xué)、電磁學(xué)、原子物理學(xué)、量子力學(xué)、量子場(chǎng)論和粒子物理學(xué)。在章節(jié)排序上體現(xiàn)出,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)稱變換的客體由宏觀向微觀的轉(zhuǎn)變,由具體到抽象的轉(zhuǎn)變；對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象由易于觀測(cè)到難以觀測(cè)的轉(zhuǎn)變；科學(xué)研究方法由宏觀分析方法向微觀分析方法的轉(zhuǎn)變。作為一種橫斷的研究方法,語(yǔ)境分析在對(duì)稱變換認(rèn)識(shí)的過(guò)程中,忽視實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)稱變換的載體,完成關(guān)于科學(xué)語(yǔ)言意義的解釋,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)稱變換的結(jié)構(gòu)及其特征的分析,把握對(duì)稱變換過(guò)程中語(yǔ)言的句法及其特征,并將對(duì)稱理論作為普適定律應(yīng)用于物理學(xué)的其他領(lǐng)域。第四部分是結(jié)束語(yǔ),闡述科學(xué)理論語(yǔ)境分析的意義�？茖W(xué)思想可以通過(guò)語(yǔ)言做出表達(dá),語(yǔ)言中包含科學(xué)語(yǔ)言和形式語(yǔ)言,語(yǔ)言使用過(guò)程中具有一定的認(rèn)識(shí)論背景。語(yǔ)句是科學(xué)理論陳述的基本單元,科學(xué)語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確描述科學(xué)現(xiàn)象,形式語(yǔ)言描述客體之間的邏輯關(guān)系。在第三章到第十章中,使用語(yǔ)境分析方法分析對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象,分別從語(yǔ)形、語(yǔ)義和語(yǔ)用的角度展開(kāi),在結(jié)尾部分闡述科學(xué)語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)形分析、語(yǔ)義分析、語(yǔ)用分析意義的意義。
[Abstract]:Symmetry is a universal phenomenon in nature. It has been paid attention to in the early stage of human social development, and recorded in ancient Greece. At the same time, it is applied to every aspect of social life, from which simple and similar aesthetic views are formed. The systematic study of symmetric phenomena has made great progress in the middle of the last century, especially in the field of physics. On the basis of the study of the symmetry phenomenon, we summarize, develop and form the symmetry theory. This paper studies symmetry phenomena in physics, to find out the object of symmetry transformation, characterization of symmetry transformation language, logic deduction structure symmetry transformation essence, grasp the symmetric relation; then analysis of various forms of spatial symmetry transform, clarify the understanding path of the symmetric relation; and then analyze the symmetry phenomenon in each subfield of physics, through interpretation physical meaning, form characteristic and grasp the syntactic features of symmetric relation, strengthen the symmetry theory of truth and acceptability, rich scientific theory of context analysis. This thesis is divided into four parts, which are the preface, the 1-2 chapter, the 3-10 chapter and the concluding language. The preface explains the writing background of this paper, including the current research status at home and abroad, the use of context analysis methods and so on. Then, it introduces the purpose and significance of the analysis of the symmetry phenomenon, and takes it as the goal. The basic idea is concretely launched. Finally, it summarizes the innovations and shortcomings, and points out the next direction. The second part includes the first, second chapters of the thesis. The two chapters reveal the ontological basis of the symmetry and the path of epistemology. According to the order of cognition, the first chapter is the epistemological path of the symmetry concept. In this chapter, we first analyze the concepts related to symmetry in various spaces, then realize the transformation from symmetry to symmetry, and we get the symmetry theory. Context analysis, as an important analysis method in philosophy of science, is applied to the study of symmetry theory, and the symmetry theory is analyzed at the specific level of language, semantics and pragmatics, and its significance is expounded. The second chapter analyzes the ontological basis of symmetric transformation, and presents the logical structure and its characteristics of symmetric relations. This chapter is divided into two parts, one part is the analysis and construction of the concept and the symmetry related, including the objects, and the symmetry related words and concepts, and defines the connotation and extension of the concept of symmetry; the other part, analysis and symmetry related language and propositions, realized by everyday language to the language of science and to change the scientific proposition. The third part is Chapter 3-10. It is the main part of the article. It introduces the context analysis and its significance of symmetry in physics. This section lists the eight branches of physics, and not all branches of physics, but is more comprehensive and representative, including classical physics, solid state physics, thermal physics, electromagnetics, atomic physics, quantum mechanics, quantum field theory and particle physics. In Chapter ranking, it is shown that the transformation of objects from macroscopic to microcosmic, from specific to abstract, from symmetrical to easy to observe and difficult to observe. As a research method of cross-sectional, contextual analysis in the process of understanding the symmetry transform, ignoring the carrier to achieve symmetry transformation, completed on the significance of scientific language interpretation, analysis of the structure and features of symmetry transformation, grasp the characteristics of language syntax and its symmetry transformation process, and the symmetry theory as the universal law in other fields applied physics. The fourth part is the concluding language, which expounds the significance of the analysis of the context of the scientific theory. Scientific ideas can be expressed through language, and language contains scientific and formal languages, and the process of language use has certain epistemological background. The statement is the basic unit of the statement of scientific theory, the scientific language describes the scientific phenomenon accurately, and the formal language describes the logical relation between the objects. In the third chapter to the tenth chapter, we use the contextual analysis method to analyze the symmetry phenomenon, from the perspective of morphology, semantics and pragmatics. At the end, we expound the significance of scientific language form analysis, semantic analysis and pragmatic analysis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：O572.23
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本文編號(hào)：1345369