干旱是影響作物生長發(fā)育的重要環(huán)境脅迫因子,導(dǎo)致作物產(chǎn)量的下降和種子品質(zhì)的降低。隨著工、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的開展,多種污染物被釋放到自然環(huán)境中,造成各種類型的土壤污染,也嚴(yán)重的影響了作物的生產(chǎn)。重金屬由于其不可生物降解性和對生物的毒性,成為了自然環(huán)境中廣泛存在的環(huán)境污染物。鎘(Cd)是最具有毒性的重金屬污染物之一。近年來,研究者們對植物的鎘吸收和積累機(jī)制進(jìn)行了廣泛的研究,以期降低可食用的植物部位的鎘濃度,保證食品安全生產(chǎn)。研究表明,干旱脅迫能夠降低大豆對鎘的吸收和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)。而關(guān)于干旱脅迫下大豆根系的調(diào)控與鎘積累和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)的關(guān)系尚不明確。土壤中過量的鎘含量和水分的缺乏均能夠顯著的影響作物的產(chǎn)量。因此,明確干旱脅迫對作物鎘積累和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)的影響對于糧食的安全生產(chǎn)和產(chǎn)量的提高具有重要意義。本研究采用不同大豆品種進(jìn)行干旱、鎘及干旱和鎘耦合脅迫試驗,分析了不同脅迫處理對大豆植株生理、形態(tài)和鎘積累及轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)的影響,得到以下主要結(jié)果:1.與對照組相比較,干旱脅迫(5%和10%(W/V)PEG)和鎘脅迫(0.2和0.5 mg L^-11 CdCl₂)及二者的耦合脅迫均能夠顯著的減少大豆植株...

【文章頁數(shù)】：78 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
CHAPTER1 LITERATURE REVIEW
    1.1 BACKGROUND
    1.2 SOYBEAN AREA AND PRODUCTION
    1.3 EFFECT OF ABIOTIC STRESSES FOR SOYBEAN PRODUCTION
    1.4 DROUGHT STRESS
        1.4.1 Effects of drought stress on plant morphology
        1.4.2 Effects of drought stress on plant physiology
        1.4.3 Drought stress affects the growth rate of soybean
        1.4.4 Drought stress impacts on soybean yield
        1.4.5 How to manage crops to drought
    1.5 EFFECT OF CD STRESS ON PLANTS
        1.5.1 Effect of Cd on germination and growth of the plant
        1.5.2 Effect of Cd on crop yield
        1.5.3 Relationship with water
        1.5.4 Relationship with antioxidants
        1.5.5 Relationship with lipid peroxidation
        1.5.6 Cadmium uptake by plant
        1.5.7 Cadmium tolerance
    1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER2 INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF DROUGHT AND CADMIUM STRESSES ON ROOT MORPHOLOGY OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS
    2.1 INTRODUCTION
    2.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
        2.2.1 Plant material and treatments
        2.2.2 Data Collection
        2.2.3 Measurement of enzyme activities
        2.2.4 Statistical analysis
    2.3 RESULTS
        2.3.1 Morphological traits of soybean cultivars under PEG-induced drought and Cd stresses
        2.3.2 Cd accumulation in soybean cultivars
        2.3.3 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on antioxidant activity in soybean cultivars
    2.4 DISCUSSION
CHAPTER3 EFFECT OF PEG-INDUCED DROUGHT STRESS AND CD STRESS ON GENE EXPRESSION OF SOYBEAN CULTIVARS ANALYSIS BY QRT-PCR
    3.1 INTRODUCTION
    3.2 MATERIAL AND METHODS
        3.2.1 Experiment method
        3.2.2 Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)analysis
        3.2.3 Statistical analysis
    3.3 RESULTS
        3.3.1 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on ABA catabolic gene(Glyma17G242200)
        3.3.2 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on Zeatinriboside(ZR)biosynthesis genes(Glyma03G151800.1 and XM₀03550461.3)
        3.3.3 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on indole3-acetic acid(IAA)biosynthesis gene Glyma02G
        3.3.4 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress and Cd stress on MeJA biosynthesis gene(Glyma11G007600)
        3.3.5 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress the Cd transport gene(Glyma07G023600)
        3.3.6 Effect of PEG-induced drought stress the expression of genes associated with SA biosynthesis(Glyma02G063400)and H2O
    3.4 DISCUSSION
CHAPTER4 INTERACTION OF DROUGHT AND CADMIUM STRESSES ON THE GROWTH,YIELDS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS FUNCTION OF SOYBEAN GENOTYPES
    4.1 INTRODUCTION
    4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        4.2.1 Site and Description
        4.2.2 Experimental Treatments and Design
        4.2.3 Pot soil Preparation
        4.2.4 Measurements of agronomic traits and yield
        4.2.5 Measurements of net photosynthesis
        4.2.6 Measurements of enzyme activities
        4.2.7 Statistical analysis
    4.3 RESULTS
        4.3.1 Effects of drought and Cd stresses on plant growth of soybean cultivars
        4.3.2 Effects of drought and Cd stress on photosynthesis rate of soybean cultivars
        4.3.3 Effects of drought and Cd stress on antioxidative enzymes
        4.3.4 Effects of drought and Cd stress on cadmium uptake
        4.3.5 Effects of drought and Cd stress on yield traits at maturity stage
    4.4 DISCUSSION
    4.5 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER5 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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