本文選題：深部 + 巷道�。� 參考：《安徽理工大學》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著煤礦進入千米開采階段,如何掌握深部開挖巷道圍巖力學支承結構的承載特性和失穩(wěn)機理,制定合理的圍巖控制技術,越來越受到煤礦企業(yè)的重視。但針對圍巖力學支承層劃分方法、支承層的承載范圍變化規(guī)律、支承層力學承載特性與巷道結構性失穩(wěn)相互作用關系、支承層穩(wěn)定性影響因素、巷道結構性失穩(wěn)支護控制方法等深層次問題亟待解決。本論文以深部巷道耦合支承層力學分析及分層支護控制為研究對象,綜合巖石力學試驗、數(shù)值仿真技術、理論研究和巷道模型試驗以及工程實測等研究方法,提出深部巷道圍巖"強-弱-關鍵"耦合支承層劃分方法和參考標準,建立深部開挖巷道圍巖耦合支承層力學模型,掌握耦合支承層的承載范圍形成和演化規(guī)律,對比分析耦合支承層劃分合理性,研究深部巷道"強-弱-關鍵"耦合支承層力學承載特性,探討圍巖耦合支承層穩(wěn)定性與巷道結構性破壞作用關系,分析耦合支承層穩(wěn)定性影響因素,提出巷道耦合支承層穩(wěn)定性分層支護控制方法,研究高水平應力下分層支護巷道支承結構穩(wěn)定性和圍巖結構性破裂發(fā)展特點,最后科學化定量設計巷道結構性失穩(wěn)分層支護對策。主要進行以下相關研究工作:1)深部巷道"強-弱-關鍵"耦合支承層力學承載機制。針對某千米深部巷道,選擇穩(wěn)定性較差的交叉點硐室展開研究。采用現(xiàn)場取芯和室內二次定角度取樣,進行不同方向巖石的力學性質實驗。利用單/雙弦式應力計,測試巷道開挖-支護過程中次生應力場演化規(guī)律,提出圍巖"強-弱-關鍵"耦合支承層力學模型劃分方法,分析耦合支承層承載范圍變化特點,基于鉆孔窺視掌握松動圈的形成和演化規(guī)律以及實測圍巖"內-主"支承層承載結構特征,判定圍巖耦合支承層劃分的合理性,數(shù)值研究巷道開挖-支護過程中,圍巖耦合支承層的承載特征及其對巷道穩(wěn)定性影響,進而闡明深部巷道耦合支承層的力學承載機制。2)深部巷道"強-弱-關鍵"耦合支承層彈塑性力學理論研究�？紤]圍巖耦合支承層力學模型,推導巷道彈塑性破壞與圍巖耦合支承層之間力學作用方程;考慮深部巖石力學性質,選擇合理的巖石本構模型;在巷道"開挖-支護"工程背景下,建立開挖卸荷效應圍巖力學模型、"圍巖-支護"耦合力學模型。通過算例分析,研究耦合支承層穩(wěn)定性與巷道破壞之間耦合作用機制,分析圍巖耦合支承層穩(wěn)定性影響因素,闡明巷道結構性失穩(wěn)機理。耦合支承層穩(wěn)定性研究,包括圍巖次生應力峰值轉移、應力集中程度和圍巖強度劣化等。3)深部巷道"強-弱-關鍵"耦合支承層穩(wěn)定性分層支護控制效果。對應理論研究建立當量圓巷道模型,由理論研究提供的裸巷支承層結構特征,設計當量圓巷道分層支護方法。由前文數(shù)值模擬直墻半圓拱裸巷的支承層結構特征,設計相應的分層支護。利用FLAC3D對比模擬裸巷-原支護-分層支護下巷道支承層穩(wěn)定性和圍巖破壞特征,分析分層支護方案的合理性。4)高水平應力下分層支護巷道力學模型試驗。采用巷道力學模型實驗,分別設計當量圓、直墻半圓拱巷道的力學模型。通過自制平面應力模擬實驗臺,實現(xiàn)高水平應力加載,研究高水平應力對裸巷耦合支承層穩(wěn)定性和圍巖結構性破裂發(fā)展的不利影響,根據(jù)裸巷耦合支承層的承載結構設計分層支護,研究分層支護對于限制高水平應力引起的巷道耦合支承層失穩(wěn)和圍巖結構性破裂發(fā)展的效果。5)深部巷道工程實測研究。由現(xiàn)場實測獲得的應力場和圍巖力學性質,掌握裸巷耦合支承層結構特性,定量設計分層支護方案和支護參數(shù),分析分層支護控制承載結構穩(wěn)定性效果。采用深-淺位移觀測和鉆孔窺視,判斷原支護和分層支護下圍巖的支承層穩(wěn)定性、松動圈形態(tài)分布、圍巖彈塑性位移分布,判斷改進的分層支護合理性。
[Abstract]:As the coal mine enters the period of the kilometer mining, how to grasp the bearing characteristics and the instability mechanism of the mechanical supporting structure of the surrounding rock of the deep excavation, and make a reasonable control technology of the surrounding rock, more and more attention to the coal mining enterprises. The interaction relationship between the structural instability of the tunnel and the roadway, the influence factors of the stability of the supporting layer and the control method of the tunnel structural instability support need to be solved urgently. In this paper, the mechanical analysis of the coupling support layer in the deep roadway and the stratified support control are taken as the research object, and the rock mechanics test, numerical simulation technology, theoretical research and roadway are integrated. The method and reference standard of "strong weak key" coupling supporting layer of deep roadway surrounding rock are put forward, and the mechanical model of the coupling supporting layer of surrounding rock in deep excavation is established. The formation and evolution rules of the bearing range of the coupling support layer are grasps and the rationality of the coupling supporting layer is divided and analyzed. The relationship between the stability of the coupled supporting layer of the surrounding rock and the structural failure of the roadway is discussed, and the influence factors of the stability of the coupling support layer are analyzed. The stability stratified support control method of the coupled supporting layer of the roadway is put forward to study the stability of the supporting structure of the layered supporting roadway under the high horizontal stress. The characteristics of structural fracture development of the surrounding rock and surrounding rock, finally scientific and quantitative design of structural instability stratified supporting measures are scientifically designed. The main research work is as follows: 1) mechanical bearing mechanism of "strong weak key" coupling supporting layer in deep roadway. A single / double chord stress meter is used to test the evolution of secondary stress field in the process of tunnel excavation and support, and the mechanics model division method of the "strong weak key" coupling supporting layer of the surrounding rock is put forward, and the variation characteristics of the bearing range of the coupling support layer are analyzed, based on the analysis of the variation characteristics of the bearing range of the coupling support layer, based on the analysis of the variation characteristics of the coupling bearing layer. The formation and evolution of the loose ring as well as the characteristics of the bearing structure of the "inner main" supporting layer of the measured surrounding rock are mastered by the drill hole, and the rationality of the partition of the coupled supporting layer of the surrounding rock is determined. The bearing characteristics of the coupling supporting layer of the surrounding rock and its influence on the stability of the roadway are numerically studied in the process of tunnel excavation and support, and the coupling supporting layer of the deep roadway is clarified. The mechanical bearing mechanism.2) study on the elastic and plastic mechanics theory of the strong weak key coupling supporting layer in the deep roadway. Considering the mechanical model of the coupling supporting layer of the surrounding rock, the mechanical action equation between the elastic and plastic failure of the roadway and the coupling support layer of the surrounding rock is derived, and the rock constitutive model is chosen to choose the reasonable rock constitutive model considering the mechanical properties of the deep rock. Under the engineering background, the mechanical model of surrounding rock of excavation unloading effect is established, and the coupling mechanics model of surrounding rock support is established. Through an example analysis, the coupling mechanism between the stability of the coupling support layer and the tunnel failure is studied, the influence factors of the stability of the coupling support layer of the surrounding rock are analyzed, and the structural instability mechanism of the tunnel is clarified. The stability of the coupling support layer is studied. Including the secondary stress peak shift of surrounding rock, the degree of stress concentration and the strength deterioration of the surrounding rock strength and so on.3) the stability stratified support control effect of the "strong weak key" coupling supporting layer in the deep roadway. The equivalent circular roadway model is set up in the corresponding theoretical study, the structure characteristics of the supporting layer of the bare roadway provided by the theoretical research, and the design of the layered supporting method of the equivalent circular roadway are designed. Based on the previous numerical simulation of the supporting layer structure characteristics of the straight wall semi circular arch, the corresponding stratified support is designed. Using FLAC3D to simulate the stability of the supporting layer and the failure characteristics of the surrounding rock under the bare roadway, the original support and the layered support, the rationality of the layered supporting scheme is.4) the mechanical model test of the layered supporting roadway under the high horizontal stress is adopted. The mechanical model of roadway mechanical model is designed respectively. Through the self-made plane stress simulation test bench, the high horizontal stress loading is realized, and the adverse effects of the high horizontal stress on the stability of the coupling supporting layer and the structural rupture of the surrounding rock are studied, and the bearing structure of the coupling support layer of the bare lane is set up. The study of the effect of layered support on the development of the coupling support layer instability and the structural fracture of surrounding rock caused by the high horizontal stress.5) the actual study on the engineering of deep roadway engineering. The stress field and the mechanical properties of the surrounding rock obtained from the field measured, the structure characteristics of the coupling supporting layer in the bare roadway are grasps, the stratified support scheme is designed and the scheme is designed. The support parameters are used to analyze the stability effect of the layered support to control the bearing structure. The stability of the supporting layer of the surrounding rock, the distribution of the loose ring, the elastic plastic displacement distribution of the surrounding rock, and the rationality of the improved layered support are judged by the deep shallow displacement observation and the borehole peeping.
【學位授予單位】：安徽理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD353

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