發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-09 21:27

  本文選題：特厚煤層 + 綜放工作面��； 參考：《北京科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：針對(duì)近年來我國80%以上沖擊地壓事故均發(fā)生在特厚煤層采掘工作面的現(xiàn)狀,急需在理論上揭示特厚煤層更容易發(fā)生沖擊地壓的機(jī)理,從而為特厚煤層的開采設(shè)計(jì)、沖擊地壓防治和預(yù)警提供理論和技術(shù)支撐。本文以新疆、山東礦區(qū)多起特厚煤層嚴(yán)重沖擊地壓事故為工程背景,采用現(xiàn)場實(shí)測、理論分析、案例調(diào)研、巖石力學(xué)試驗(yàn)、數(shù)值模擬等手段,圍繞特厚煤層孕災(zāi)時(shí)間長、易發(fā)生"工作面與兩道同時(shí)沖擊"的整體性沖擊災(zāi)害、沖擊與大變形同時(shí)致災(zāi)等共性問題,系統(tǒng)研究了特厚煤層典型沖擊地壓發(fā)生機(jī)理和防治技術(shù),取得了如下成果:(1)研究了特厚煤層兩種典型沖擊地壓(卸荷型沖擊和蠕變型沖擊)的發(fā)生機(jī)理。建立了不同厚度煤層巷道圍巖能量釋放計(jì)算方法,提出了以煤體沖擊傾向性和動(dòng)靜應(yīng)力比值為基礎(chǔ)的沖擊危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)方法,揭示了特厚煤層圍巖分區(qū)蠕變特征,并推導(dǎo)出了各分區(qū)蠕變范圍的計(jì)算公式,為特厚煤層的開采設(shè)計(jì)、沖擊地壓防治提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。(2)研究了孤島工作面發(fā)生整體蠕變失穩(wěn)型沖擊地壓的機(jī)理及全過程。建立了孤島工作面載荷傳遞估算模型和煤層承載力計(jì)算模型,提出了孤島工作面整體失穩(wěn)型沖擊危險(xiǎn)評(píng)估方法,為孤島工作面整體蠕變失穩(wěn)型沖擊危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)估及防治提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。(3)提出了深井特厚煤層沖擊地壓與大變形協(xié)調(diào)控制機(jī)制。揭示了深井特厚煤層綜放工作面基本頂二次破斷回轉(zhuǎn)誘發(fā)沿空巷道大變形的力學(xué)機(jī)制,推導(dǎo)出了基于能量耗散指數(shù)法的防沖鉆孔參數(shù)定量計(jì)算方法,提出了 "分區(qū)分級(jí)"的沖擊地壓防治理念,研發(fā)了新型雙立柱單元式超前支架,實(shí)現(xiàn)了深井特厚煤層沖擊地壓與大變形協(xié)調(diào)控制。(4)提出了特厚煤層開采過程中典型沖擊危險(xiǎn)區(qū)的沖擊機(jī)制和防沖技術(shù)。研究了深井特厚煤層綜放工作面過聯(lián)絡(luò)巷強(qiáng)烈動(dòng)壓區(qū)的致災(zāi)機(jī)理,揭示了深井特厚煤層綜放工作面斷層活化規(guī)律,并將其分為應(yīng)力顯現(xiàn)階段、蓄能階段和結(jié)構(gòu)活化階段三個(gè)階段,建立了深厚表土薄基巖綜放采場充分采動(dòng)條件下支承壓力分布特征估算模型,為深井特厚煤層綜放工作面防沖開采設(shè)計(jì)提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In view of the fact that more than 80% of the impact ground pressure accidents occur in the mining face of super thick coal seam in China in recent years, it is urgent to reveal theoretically the mechanism of the impact ground pressure in extra thick coal seam, so as to design the mining of extra thick coal seam. Shock pressure prevention and early warning to provide theoretical and technical support. In this paper, based on the engineering background of several severe shock and ground pressure accidents in thick coal seams in Xinjiang and Shandong mining areas, field measurement, theoretical analysis, case investigation, rock mechanics tests, numerical simulation, etc., are adopted, and the disaster occurrence time is long around the extra thick coal seams. The common problems such as "working face and two roads impact at the same time" are easy to occur, and the common problems such as simultaneous impact and large deformation are discussed. The occurrence mechanism and prevention technology of typical impact ground pressure in ultra-thick coal seam are systematically studied. The following results are obtained: 1) the occurrence mechanism of two typical impact ground pressure (unloading impact and creep impact) in ultra-thick coal seam is studied. The calculation method of energy release of surrounding rock of roadway with different thickness is established, and the impact risk assessment method based on the impact tendency of coal body and the ratio of dynamic and static stress is put forward, and the zone creep characteristics of the wall rock of extra thick coal seam are revealed. The calculation formula of creep range in each zone is deduced, which provides a theoretical basis for mining design of extra thick coal seam and the prevention and control of impact ground pressure. (2) the mechanism and the whole process of the whole creep-instability impact ground pressure occurring in the isolated island face are studied. The load transfer estimation model and the coal bearing capacity calculation model of the isolated island face are established, and the assessment method of the whole unsteady impact hazard of the isolated island working face is put forward. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the assessment and prevention of the whole creep-instability impact hazard in the island face) and puts forward a coordinated control mechanism between the impact ground pressure and the large deformation of the deep and extra thick coal seam. This paper reveals the mechanical mechanism of the large deformation of roadway along goaf induced by the secondary breaking and turning of the basic roof of the fully-mechanized caving face in the deep and extra thick coal seam, and deduces the quantitative calculation method of the parameters of the anti-scour borehole based on the energy dissipation index method. This paper puts forward the concept of "zonal classification" for the prevention of impact ground pressure, and develops a new type of double column unit lead support. The impact mechanism and anti-scour technology of typical impact risk area in the mining process of ultra-thick coal seam are put forward in this paper, which realizes the coordinated control of rock burst and large deformation in deep and ultra-thick coal seam. In this paper, the mechanism of disaster caused by the strong dynamic pressure in the overpass roadway of fully-mechanized caving face in deep and extra thick coal seam is studied, and the law of fault activation in fully-mechanized caving face of ultra-thick coal seam in deep well is revealed, and it is divided into the stage of stress manifestation. In the three stages of energy storage stage and structure activation stage, a model for estimating the distribution characteristics of supporting pressure under the condition of full mining of deep topsoil and thin bedrock in fully mechanized caving stope is established, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of full-mechanized top-coal caving face in deep and thick coal seam.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD324

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