本文選題：高填方 + 地基變形　； 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：在“18億畝耕地”不能觸碰的紅線下,山區(qū)城鎮(zhèn)化和“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施所需要的建設(shè)用地大多通過(guò)削山填溝造地解決;然而部分填方工程的最大填方高度及“三面兩體兩水”問(wèn)題不斷刷新,由此引發(fā)了一系列新的巖土工程問(wèn)題,其中最突出的核心難題就是高填方地基變形計(jì)算和高填方邊坡穩(wěn)定性分析�；诖�,依托隴南成州民用機(jī)場(chǎng)高填方工程,以非飽和土力學(xué)為基礎(chǔ),采用多種研究方法和高新先進(jìn)技術(shù),深入探索了山區(qū)高填方地基處理,全面揭示了混合料填筑土體的變形、強(qiáng)度及持水特性,系統(tǒng)分析了高填方施工過(guò)程和工后變形時(shí)空變化規(guī)律,重點(diǎn)解決了高填方地基變形計(jì)算和穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)等問(wèn)題。研究成果不僅可以用于相關(guān)規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定、為類似高填方工程提供科學(xué)依據(jù),而且具有重要的理論價(jià)值和顯著的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。論文完成的主要工作、創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)及獲得結(jié)論如下:(1)基于試驗(yàn)段進(jìn)行的填料配比試驗(yàn)、原地基處理試驗(yàn)、填筑體壓實(shí)試驗(yàn)、挖填交界處理等系列試驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)高填方原地基中的粉質(zhì)粘土層是地基中相對(duì)軟弱層,對(duì)高填方地基沉降與差異沉降及地基穩(wěn)定性控制起著決定性作用;給出了不同厚度軟基強(qiáng)夯處理工藝參數(shù)和填筑體壓實(shí)、挖填交界面處理及質(zhì)量控制建議;建立了強(qiáng)夯有效加固范圍和加固影響范圍計(jì)算方法;提出了填筑體壓實(shí)施工過(guò)程監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),可為高填方地基大面積動(dòng)態(tài)信息化設(shè)計(jì)和施工提供科學(xué)依據(jù);(2)對(duì)土石混合料填筑體及挖填交界處土體進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)原位剪切試驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)泥巖與土體接觸帶或縫隙是薄弱區(qū)域,最先可能演化為凹凸?fàn)罴羟忻?挖填交界處的邊坡比大面積填筑體邊坡更容易發(fā)生剪切破壞,施工過(guò)程中應(yīng)加強(qiáng)處理。通過(guò)室內(nèi)直接剪切試驗(yàn)、高壓壓縮試驗(yàn),給出了大面積填方施工填料控制建議,建立了一種考慮填方土體初始狀態(tài)的抗剪強(qiáng)度算法和沉降變形算法。通過(guò)系列三軸試驗(yàn),深入揭示了原地基土體和混合料填筑體的強(qiáng)度、變形與持水特性,為本構(gòu)模型修正和數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算奠定了理論基礎(chǔ);(3)伴隨施工過(guò)程,首次在試驗(yàn)段設(shè)計(jì)并安裝了山區(qū)高填方無(wú)線遠(yuǎn)程綜合監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),揭示了加載期和工后一定時(shí)間內(nèi)原地基土體和填筑體的沉降、變形、孔隙水壓力及土壓力等時(shí)空演化規(guī)律,取得了一系列新的認(rèn)識(shí)。同時(shí),在全場(chǎng)區(qū)典型部位進(jìn)行常規(guī)工后變形監(jiān)測(cè),基于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)給出了高填方工后沉降和差異沉降控制建議,通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)工后沉降進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)分析,為合理確定機(jī)場(chǎng)道面開(kāi)始施工時(shí)間及評(píng)價(jià)道面使用年限內(nèi)的工后沉降提供科學(xué)依據(jù);(4)在室內(nèi)外試驗(yàn)完成的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了基于分層總和法計(jì)算高填方地基豎向沉降和側(cè)向變形的理論表達(dá)式,解決了高填方地基變形計(jì)算問(wèn)題;采用MATLAB軟件編寫(xiě)了山區(qū)高填方地基變形計(jì)算程序,經(jīng)對(duì)比證明算法正確合理。采用有限元軟件模擬分析發(fā)現(xiàn),在施工期應(yīng)嚴(yán)格控制填方地基的沉降與差異沉降;工后第一年沉降約占工后沉降的60%,工后第二年沉降量約占工后沉降的30%,工后3~5年沉降量約占工后沉降的10%,工后沉降總體不超過(guò)20cm;工后第一年不應(yīng)進(jìn)行道面施工,條件允許時(shí)應(yīng)放置1~2個(gè)雨季;(5)對(duì)高填方邊坡滑移變形過(guò)程進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)和反演分析發(fā)現(xiàn),山區(qū)高填方邊坡變形以沉降為主、兼有明顯水平側(cè)向位移,屬于典型的人工加載的“后推式”滑移類型;提出了山區(qū)高填方邊坡不同變形階段的時(shí)空演化特征與變形速率預(yù)警判據(jù)。結(jié)合修正的Duncan-Chang模型參數(shù)和非飽和土破壞時(shí)的強(qiáng)度準(zhǔn)則,建立了變模量雙強(qiáng)度折減法,初步探討了其用于高填方邊坡穩(wěn)定性評(píng)價(jià)的新思路。率先提出采用柔性結(jié)構(gòu)加固剛性失穩(wěn)擋墻的新型支擋結(jié)構(gòu),并推導(dǎo)建立了其動(dòng)靜力穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算方法。
[Abstract]:In the "1 billion 800 million acres of arable land cannot touch the red line, the construction of mountain towns and" The Belt and Road "strategic implementation of the necessary land mostly through the mountain cut fill gap creates to solve problems; however, the maximum height of the embankment fill part of engineering and the" three two two "water constantly refresh, which triggered a series of new geotechnical problems, The most outstanding core problem is the high fill foundation deformation calculation and the high fill slope stability analysis. Based on this, relying on the Longnan Cheng Zhou civil airport high fill project, based on the unsaturated soil mechanics, using various research methods and advanced advanced technology, the high fill foundation treatment in the mountain area is deeply explored, and the mixture is fully revealed. The deformation, strength and water holding characteristics of the soil are filled. The construction process of high fill and the time and space change law of post work deformation are systematically analyzed. The problems of calculation and stability evaluation of high fill foundation are solved. The research results can not only be used in the formulation of relevant standard standards, but also provide scientific basis for similar high fill engineering, and it has heavy weight. The main work, innovation and conclusions are as follows: (1) a series of tests of filler ratio based on the test section, ground base treatment test, compaction test, dug and fill boundary treatment and so on, found that the silty clay layer in the high fill foundation is relatively soft in the foundation. The weak layer plays a decisive role in the settlement of the high fill foundation, the differential settlement and the stability control of the foundation, and gives the suggestions on the processing parameters of the soft foundation and the compaction of the fill, the treatment of the interfacing and the quality control, and the calculation method of the effective consolidation range and the influence range of the consolidation, and the implementation of the filling body pressure is put forward. The working process monitoring system can provide scientific basis for large area dynamic information design and construction of high fill foundation. (2) in situ shear test of soil and rock fill material and excavation at the junction of soil and fill, found that the contact zone or gap between clay and soil is weak area, and first may evolve into concave convex shear surface; The slope is more prone to shear failure than the large area fill slope, and the treatment should be strengthened during the construction process. Through the indoor direct shear test and high pressure compression test, the suggestion of filling control for large area fill construction is given. A kind of anti shear strength algorithm and settlement deformation algorithm, which considers the initial state of fill soil, is set up. A series of three axes are adopted. The strength, deformation and water holding characteristics of the original soil and mixture fill are revealed in depth. (3) with the construction process, the high fill wireless remote monitoring system is designed and installed in the test section for the first time, which reveals the loading period and a certain time after the work. A series of new understanding of the settlement, deformation, pore water pressure and earth pressure of the soil and filling body of the original foundation has been obtained. At the same time, the deformation monitoring of the typical parts of the whole field is carried out after the conventional post work deformation. Based on the field monitoring, the suggestions for the control of the post settlement and differential settlement of the high fill are given. The settlement is predicted and analyzed to provide a scientific basis for the reasonable determination of the construction time of the airport pavement and the evaluation of post construction settlement within the service life of the road. (4) on the basis of the completion of the indoor and outdoor tests, a theoretical expression of the vertical settlement and lateral deformation of the high fill foundation based on the stratified summation method is established to solve the change of the high fill foundation. MATLAB software is used to compile the calculation program for the deformation of high fill foundation in mountain area, and it is proved that the algorithm is correct and reasonable. By the finite element software simulation analysis, it is found that the settlement and differential settlement of the fill foundation should be strictly controlled during the construction period, and the settlement of the first year after work is about 60% of the post work settlement, and the settlement amount is about second years after the work. After 30% of the post work settlement, the settlement of 3~5 years after work accounts for about 10% of the post work settlement, and the post construction settlement is not more than 20cm. The first year of work should not be carried out in the road surface construction, and the 1~2 rainy season should be placed when conditions permit. (5) the monitoring and inversion analysis of the sliding deformation process of the high fill slope found that the deformation of the high fill slope in the mountain area is mainly settlement, and there is also obvious settlement. The horizontal lateral displacement is a typical "backstepping type" type of artificial loading. The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the high fill slope in the mountain area and the early warning criterion for the deformation rate are put forward. The variable modulus double strength reduction method is established by combining the modified Duncan-Chang model parameters and the strength criterion of the unsaturated soil failure. A new way of evaluating the stability of high fill slope is discussed, and a new retaining structure is put forward to reinforce the rigid instable retaining wall with flexible structure, and its dynamic and static stability calculation method is derived.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：V351.1

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