發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-21 01:20

  本文選題：動(dòng)力穩(wěn)定車 + 動(dòng)力學(xué)分析��； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：本文是結(jié)合中國(guó)鐵建高新裝備股份有限公司的新產(chǎn)品研發(fā)項(xiàng)目"動(dòng)力穩(wěn)定車新型穩(wěn)定裝置的研發(fā)"進(jìn)行的,針對(duì)項(xiàng)目研發(fā)過程中遇到的關(guān)鍵問題,本文從新型穩(wěn)定裝置的作業(yè)效果研究和關(guān)鍵部件的失效問題研究?jī)蓚�(gè)方面著手。首先對(duì)既有動(dòng)力穩(wěn)定車的穩(wěn)定裝置作業(yè)時(shí)的橫向激振進(jìn)行分析研究,將現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)分析和虛擬仿真結(jié)果提供的軌枕系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)作為開發(fā)的參考依據(jù),并在此基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù),結(jié)合剛?cè)狁詈隙囿w動(dòng)力學(xué),研究新型穩(wěn)定裝置作業(yè)響應(yīng),評(píng)價(jià)其作業(yè)效果;同時(shí),借助動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真輸出的懸掛板彈簧作業(yè)期間的載荷譜,對(duì)物理樣機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)生失效的懸掛板彈簧進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析。為新型穩(wěn)定車穩(wěn)定裝置的開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)提供數(shù)據(jù)參考和技術(shù)支持。應(yīng)用車輛軌道動(dòng)力學(xué)理論,建立了動(dòng)力穩(wěn)定車整車在走行和作業(yè)情況下的數(shù)學(xué)模型。根據(jù)其建立仿真模型,并借助剛?cè)狁詈蟿?dòng)力學(xué)理論,進(jìn)行了一系列不同工況下的作業(yè)仿真,得到了穩(wěn)定車的穩(wěn)定裝置、軌道以及軌枕的橫向加速度響應(yīng)曲線,以及不同工況下穩(wěn)定裝置對(duì)軌道的輪軌激振力曲線和道碴激振力曲線,討論了激振頻率和垂向靜壓力這兩個(gè)主要作業(yè)參數(shù)對(duì)輸出的影響。同時(shí)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)作業(yè)試驗(yàn)對(duì)比,獲得了動(dòng)力穩(wěn)定車的實(shí)際作業(yè)響應(yīng),驗(yàn)證仿真結(jié)果的有效性,確立了新型穩(wěn)定裝置研發(fā)的參考數(shù)據(jù),并通過實(shí)驗(yàn)中軌道系統(tǒng)的橫向加速度響應(yīng)對(duì)比了相關(guān)貨車動(dòng)力學(xué)研究結(jié)果,從時(shí)域和頻域兩個(gè)方面證明了動(dòng)力穩(wěn)定車作業(yè)的有效性。研究介紹了一種新型穩(wěn)定裝置,基于多體動(dòng)力學(xué)理論,對(duì)新型穩(wěn)定裝置的各個(gè)構(gòu)件進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)分析,結(jié)合拉格朗日方法建立該穩(wěn)定裝置橫向激振的微分方程組并采用新型預(yù)測(cè)-校正積分法求解,同時(shí)采用多剛體仿真模型驗(yàn)證結(jié)果,初步分析新型穩(wěn)定裝置的作業(yè)響應(yīng),驗(yàn)證該結(jié)構(gòu)的可行性。隨后建立了新型穩(wěn)定裝置的剛?cè)狁詈咸摂M樣機(jī)模型,參考實(shí)際情況,采用了兩組常用參數(shù)以及一組極限工況參數(shù)進(jìn)行作業(yè)仿真,分析新型穩(wěn)定裝置較既有結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢(shì)。針對(duì)新型穩(wěn)定結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)鍵部件的失效分析,提出了一種基于裂紋嘴開口位移(Crack Mouth Opening Displacement,簡(jiǎn)稱CMOD)估算J積分的工程預(yù)估方法。該方法在工程實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,利用裂紋構(gòu)件因子β與構(gòu)件受力無(wú)關(guān)的特性,通過測(cè)量裂紋件的CMOD以來(lái)估算J積分以及應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子等斷裂韌性參數(shù)。文中以三點(diǎn)彎曲試件為例,將仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)兩個(gè)方面取得的J積分對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了 CMOD與J積分的關(guān)系,并通過另一種加載模式的試件介紹了該方法的使用。這種預(yù)估方法在斷裂研究分析的初期用來(lái)預(yù)估、評(píng)價(jià)某斷裂問題將會(huì)非常便捷。在前述研究基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)新型穩(wěn)定裝置樣機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)中失效的懸掛板彈簧進(jìn)行了研究,從零件的材料性能,幾何特征,斷裂力學(xué)特征等幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的分析。借助擴(kuò)展有限元方法對(duì)懸掛板彈簧進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定裝置作業(yè)工況下的受力分析,獲得了裂紋的萌生與擴(kuò)展隨時(shí)間的變化曲線。隨后根據(jù)裂紋長(zhǎng)度將斷裂擴(kuò)展的過程分為三個(gè)階段進(jìn)行分析,研究了不同裂紋長(zhǎng)度時(shí)應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子隨著加載的變化,并利用CMOD方法估測(cè)了不同裂紋長(zhǎng)度時(shí)加載裂紋尖端的應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子,然后與不同復(fù)合型裂紋準(zhǔn)則的結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,并在最后對(duì)失效構(gòu)件進(jìn)行了總結(jié)提出了修改建議。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the research and development of new product R & D project of China's China Iron and technology high-tech equipment (Limited by Share Ltd) new product research and development project. In view of the key problems encountered in the project R & D process, this paper begins with two aspects of the research on the operation effect of the new stable device and the failure of the key components. The transverse excitation of the stable device is analyzed and studied. The response of the sleeper system provided by the field experiment analysis and the virtual simulation results is taken as the reference basis. On this basis, the virtual prototyping technology is used and the rigid flexible coupling multi-body dynamics is used to study the operation response of the new stable device and evaluate its work. At the same time, with the aid of the load spectrum of the suspension plate spring during the dynamic simulation, the suspension plate spring of the physical prototype is systematically analyzed. The data reference and technical support are provided for the development and design of the new stable vehicle stability device. The dynamic stability vehicle is established by using the theory of vehicle track dynamics. A mathematical model of the whole vehicle under the condition of walking and operation. Based on the simulation model, and using the rigid flexible coupling dynamics theory, a series of work simulation under different working conditions has been carried out. The stability device of the stable vehicle, the track and the lateral acceleration response curve of the sleeper, and the wheel and rail of the stable device to the track under different working conditions are obtained. The exciting force curve and the ballast excitation force curve are discussed, and the effects of the two main operating parameters of the exciting frequency and vertical static pressure on the output are discussed. At the same time, the actual operation response of the dynamic stable vehicle is obtained, the effectiveness of the simulation results is verified, and the reference data of the new stable device are established and passed. In the experiment, the lateral acceleration response of the track system is compared with the results of the study on the dynamics of the truck. The effectiveness of the dynamic stable vehicle is proved from two aspects of the time domain and the frequency domain. A new stable device is introduced. Based on the theory of multi-body dynamics, the motion analysis of the new stable installed components is carried out with lagorang. The diurnal method establishes the differential equations of the lateral vibration of the stable device and uses a new prediction correction integral method. At the same time, the results are verified by the multi rigid body simulation model. The operation response of the new stable device is analyzed and the feasibility of the structure is verified. Then the rigid flexible coupling virtual prototype model of the new stabilization device is established, and the reference is established. In practice, two groups of common parameters and a group of limit working parameters are used to simulate the operation of the new stable device. In view of the failure analysis of the key components of the new stable structure, a project based on the crack mouth opening displacement (Crack Mouth Opening Displacement, abbreviated as CMOD) is proposed to estimate the J integral. In the practical application of the method, the method is used to estimate the fracture toughness parameters such as J integral and stress intensity factor by measuring the CMOD of the crack member and the stress intensity factor, by using the characteristic of the factor beta of the crack member and the force of the component. The three point bending specimen is taken as an example to compare the J integral of the simulation and experimental two aspects and verify the CMOD The relationship between the J integral and the test part of another loading mode is introduced. This method is used to predict the fracture problem at the beginning of the fracture analysis, and it will be very convenient to evaluate a fracture problem. On the basis of the previous research, the suspension plate springs which are invalid in the prototype experiment of the new stable device are studied, from the parts. The material properties, geometric features and fracture mechanics characteristics are analyzed in detail. The extended finite element method is used to analyze the stress of the suspension plate spring under the working condition of the stabilizing device. The curve of the crack initiation and propagation with the time is obtained. Then the fracture expansion process is divided according to the crack length. For the three stages, the stress intensity factors of different crack lengths with the loading are studied, and the stress intensity factor of the crack tip at different crack lengths is estimated by the CMOD method, and then the results are compared with the results of the different composite crack criteria. Finally, the failure components are summarized and put forward. Revise the suggestion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U216.6

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