本文選題：管線鋼 + 夾雜物��； 參考：《北京科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：抗酸管線鋼主要用于輸送含有H2S等酸性介質(zhì)的石油和天然氣。其特殊的使用環(huán)境,需要管線鋼有非常穩(wěn)定的高性能。通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)冶煉工藝路線,采用超低硫冶煉技術(shù)可以有效控制A類(lèi)夾雜物。但條串狀CaO-Al_2O_3夾雜物的控制卻一直是國(guó)內(nèi)外管線鋼冶煉的難點(diǎn),同時(shí),此類(lèi)夾雜物嚴(yán)重影響管線鋼的抗氫致裂紋性能(即HIC性能)。傳統(tǒng)工藝強(qiáng)調(diào)采用鈣處理工藝進(jìn)行夾雜物改性,但如何精細(xì)化控制CaO-Al_2O_3系列夾雜物的研究并不多。太鋼公司是中石油等企業(yè)所使用耐酸管線鋼的主要制造單位之一。本文針對(duì)太鋼耐酸管線鋼的冶煉工藝流程,系統(tǒng)分析了各項(xiàng)工藝控制參數(shù)的作用,并針對(duì)鐵水預(yù)處理工序、精煉工序,管線鋼硫含量、鈣含量和夾雜物類(lèi)型分別進(jìn)行了分析。同時(shí)對(duì)鈣處理后的鈣含量變化、夾雜物變化、夾雜物變性處理等方面進(jìn)行了研究。通過(guò)在太鋼實(shí)際生產(chǎn)條件下的研究結(jié)果表明,在低硫冶煉工藝條件下,高堿度強(qiáng)還原性精煉渣和鋼液之間發(fā)生了反應(yīng)。鋼中夾雜物按照MnO和SiO2→Al_2O_3→CaO-Al_2O_3-MgO→CaO-Al_2O_3-CaS 的順序轉(zhuǎn)變。在鈣處理過(guò)程中,隨著鈣含量提高,夾雜物中的CaS、CaO含量增加,同時(shí)Al_2O_3含量減少,并最終在鑄坯中形成簇群狀CaO-Al_2O_3-CaS、CaS-CaO等類(lèi)型的復(fù)合夾雜物。研究結(jié)果表明,在硅鈣線質(zhì)量不變、冶煉成分控制相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的情況下,適宜的硅鈣線喂入量決定了夾雜物形態(tài),硅鈣線喂入量不足或過(guò)量都容易導(dǎo)致鋼材產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題。在研究夾雜物轉(zhuǎn)變的基礎(chǔ)上,本課題分別對(duì)LF精煉過(guò)程、RH精煉過(guò)程、鈣處理過(guò)程及連鑄過(guò)程中的夾雜物轉(zhuǎn)變進(jìn)行了熱力學(xué)討論,形成了熱力學(xué)模型。結(jié)合前人對(duì)鈣處理工藝的研究,根據(jù)相關(guān)的熱力學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)數(shù)據(jù),建立了鈣處理過(guò)程中鋼包流場(chǎng)模型、鈣的汽化模型以及夾雜物轉(zhuǎn)變反應(yīng)模型。通過(guò)CFX流體計(jì)算軟件將三個(gè)模型進(jìn)行耦合計(jì)算,分別計(jì)算了 RH軟吹過(guò)程鋼包流場(chǎng)特點(diǎn),鈣處理過(guò)程中鈣含量變化以及夾雜物變化過(guò)程。模擬計(jì)算鈣處理過(guò)程中鈣含量變化與實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)基本一致。模擬計(jì)算鈣處理過(guò)程鋼中各類(lèi)夾雜物濃度變化以及類(lèi)型與實(shí)際試驗(yàn)爐次數(shù)據(jù)基本一致。依據(jù)模型計(jì)算結(jié)果,將硅鈣線的喂入量由400m/爐(0.51 1Kg/t鋼)調(diào)整為 600m/爐鋼(0.767Kg/t 鋼)。根據(jù)以上研究,分析清楚了夾雜物在不同工藝過(guò)程中的變化。通過(guò)模型計(jì)算,確定了實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中硅鈣線的喂入量參數(shù),較為準(zhǔn)確的控制鋼中夾雜物形態(tài),管線鋼質(zhì)量的受控程度得到很大提高,有效控制了 HIC的發(fā)生。同時(shí)為太鋼不銹鋼等品種鋼的純凈度控制提供了思路,提高了太鋼產(chǎn)品競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
[Abstract]:Acid-resistant pipeline steel is mainly used to transport oil and natural gas containing H 2S and other acid medium.Its special use environment, need pipeline steel has very stable high performance.Class A inclusions can be effectively controlled by using ultra-low sulfur smelting technology through the design of smelting process.However, the control of strip CaO-Al_2O_3 inclusions has always been a difficult point in pipeline steel smelting at home and abroad. At the same time, such inclusions seriously affect the hydrogen-induced crack resistance of pipeline steels (i.e. HIC properties).The traditional process emphasizes on the modification of inclusions by calcium treatment process, but there are few studies on how to control the CaO-Al_2O_3 series inclusions finely.TISCO is one of the main manufacturing units of acid-resistant pipeline steel used by PetroChina and other enterprises.Aiming at the smelting process of acid resistant pipeline steel of Taiyuan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd, this paper systematically analyzes the effect of various process control parameters, and analyzes the sulfur content, calcium content and inclusion type of hot metal pretreatment process, refining process, pipeline steel sulfur content, calcium content and inclusion type respectively.At the same time, the changes of calcium content, inclusions and inclusions denaturation after calcium treatment were studied.Under the actual production conditions of TISCO, the results show that under the condition of low sulfur smelting process, the reaction between high alkalinity and strong reduction refining slag and molten steel has taken place.The inclusions in the steel are transformed according to the order of MnO and SiO2 Al_2O_3 CaO-Al_2O_3-MgO CaO-Al_2O_3-CaS.In the process of calcium treatment, with the increase of calcium content, the content of CaSn-CaO in inclusions increases, while the content of Al_2O_3 decreases. Finally, a cluster of CaO-Al2O3-CaS2O3-CaS-CaO inclusions are formed in the castings.The results show that under the condition that the quality of calcium silicon wire is constant and the smelting composition is relatively stable, the proper feeding quantity of calcium silicon wire determines the shape of inclusions, and the insufficient or excessive feeding quantity of calcium silicon wire will easily lead to the quality problems of steel products.Based on the study of inclusion transformation, the inclusion transformation in LF refining process, calcium treatment process and continuous casting process were discussed respectively, and a thermodynamic model was formed.According to the thermodynamic and kinetic data, the flow field model of ladle, the vaporization model of calcium and the reaction model of inclusion transformation in the process of calcium treatment were established.By coupling the three models with CFX fluid calculation software, the characteristics of ladle flow field during RH soft blowing process, the change of calcium content and the variation of inclusions in the process of calcium treatment were calculated respectively.The variation of calcium content in the process of simulated calcium treatment is basically consistent with the measured data.The variation of inclusion concentration and the type of inclusions in the steel during calcium treatment are basically consistent with the experimental data.According to the results of model calculation, the feed rate of calcium silicate wire was adjusted from 0.51 1Kg/t steel of 400m/ furnace to 0.767kg / t steel of 600m/ furnace steel.According to the above research, the changes of inclusions in different processes are analyzed.Through the model calculation, the feeding parameters of silica calcium wire in actual production are determined, the inclusion shape in steel is controlled accurately, the quality of pipeline steel is greatly improved, and the occurrence of HIC is effectively controlled.At the same time, it provides ideas for purity control of stainless steel and so on, and improves the competitiveness of products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TF764

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