本文選題：海底 + 功耗��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：海洋地磁場測量是海洋地球物理方法的重要組成部分,從星載、機載、船載、海面拖曳到近海底磁測,對海洋磁測的精度和分辨率要求越來越高。隨著量子測量技術(shù)、MEMS器件技術(shù)和深海密封技術(shù)在各自領(lǐng)域的飛速發(fā)展,設(shè)計一種集成度高、功耗低、兼顧測量精度與工程適應(yīng)性的海底磁力儀成為可能。海洋磁力儀從機制上主要分為兩大類。一類是測量精度高,可適用與地磁場基準值絕對測量的標量磁力儀,一類是可測量地磁場在正交三軸上的分量投影值,工程適應(yīng)度高的矢量磁力儀。受限于體積、功耗、電路復(fù)雜度等限制,而較難實現(xiàn)兩種磁力儀的一體化設(shè)計。本文針對以上情況,創(chuàng)新性地提出了基于銣光泵絕對磁測技術(shù)與磁通門矢量磁測技術(shù),設(shè)計實現(xiàn)一種優(yōu)勢互補的一體化雙模磁力儀,并在本體磁性現(xiàn)場校正、地理三分量直讀輸出等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)上展開了深入研究。從系統(tǒng)整體設(shè)計、銣光泵小氣室設(shè)計、集成化電路設(shè)計出發(fā),實現(xiàn)了小型化、低功耗的海底雙模磁力儀研制開發(fā)。結(jié)合工程應(yīng)用需求,在功能設(shè)計上考慮了標量磁測與矢量磁測兩種模式的優(yōu)勢互補,減小了標量磁測的初始掃頻時間,減少了標量磁測的數(shù)據(jù)丟失幾率,提高了矢量磁測的絕對精度,實現(xiàn)了地磁總場與地磁矢量場的同時測量。針對磁力儀在搭載過程中易受到搭載本體鐵磁性材料的干擾這一技術(shù)難點,在現(xiàn)有各種磁校正算法的比較與分析基礎(chǔ)上,提出并實現(xiàn)了 一種基于擬牛頓迭代和粒子群優(yōu)化的現(xiàn)場校正算法。通過實測數(shù)據(jù)對算法進行了評估,并通過湖試和海試驗證了算法的有效性。與杭州地磁臺站的高精度標量磁力儀和矢量磁力儀進行比測,考核了本文所研制磁力儀的技術(shù)指標。結(jié)合海底雙模磁力儀的應(yīng)用特點,搭載“潛龍二號”水下機器人,分別在千島湖和中國南海進行了湖試與海試,驗證了系統(tǒng)的海底磁力巡測能力;搭載舟山摘箬山島附近的海底觀測試驗網(wǎng),驗證了系統(tǒng)的海底長期地磁監(jiān)測能力。地磁三分量數(shù)據(jù)對于海底地質(zhì)調(diào)查的磁反演具有重要價值,但需將磁力儀在儀器坐標系下的三分量變換到地理坐標系下。本文提出并設(shè)計實現(xiàn)了一種內(nèi)置于磁力儀的慣性測量單元,可實時提供磁力儀在水下的三維姿態(tài)矩陣,從而實現(xiàn)地磁矢量在地理坐標系下的三分量數(shù)據(jù)直讀輸出。
[Abstract]:Marine geomagnetic field measurement is an important part of marine geophysical methods. From spaceborne, airborne, shipborne, sea surface towing to near-seabed magnetic survey, the accuracy and resolution of marine magnetic measurement are more and more demanding.With the rapid development of quantum measurement technology MEMS device technology and deep-sea seal technology in their respective fields it is possible to design a submarine magnetometer with high integration low power consumption and both measurement accuracy and engineering adaptability.Marine magnetometers are divided into two main categories from the mechanism.One is a scalar magnetometer with high measurement accuracy, which is suitable for absolute measurement with the geomagnetic reference value, the other is a vector magnetometer which can measure the component projection value of the geomagnetic field on the orthogonal triaxial axis and has high engineering fitness.Because of the limitation of volume, power consumption and circuit complexity, it is difficult to realize the integrated design of two magnetometers.In this paper, based on the absolute magnetic measurement technology of rubidium optical pump and flux gate vector magnetic measurement technology, an integrated dual-mode magnetometer with complementary advantages is designed and realized.The key technologies of three-component direct reading and output of geography have been deeply studied.Based on the whole design of the system, the design of rubidium light pump gas chamber and the design of integrated circuit, the development of a miniaturized and low power consumption submarine dual-mode magnetometer is realized.According to the requirements of engineering application, the complementary advantages of scalar magnetic measurement and vector magnetic measurement are considered in the functional design, the initial sweep time of scalar magnetic measurement is reduced, and the probability of data loss of scalar magnetic measurement is reduced.The absolute precision of vector magnetic measurement is improved and the simultaneous measurement of geomagnetic total field and geomagnetic vector field is realized.In view of the technical difficulty that magnetometer is liable to be interfered by ferromagnetic material during loading, based on the comparison and analysis of all kinds of magnetic correction algorithms,A field correction algorithm based on quasi Newton iteration and particle swarm optimization is proposed and implemented.The algorithm is evaluated by measured data, and the validity of the algorithm is verified by lake test and sea trial.Compared with the high precision scalar magnetometer and vector magnetometer of Hangzhou geomagnetic station, the technical indexes of the magnetometer developed in this paper are evaluated.Combined with the application characteristics of the submarine dual-mode magnetometer, the underwater vehicle "Dianlong 2" was carried out in Qiandao Lake and the South China Sea, respectively, to verify the submarine magnetic survey capability of the system.The long-term geomagnetic monitoring capability of the system is verified by carrying the submarine observation test network near Zhoushan Zailushan Island.The geomagnetic three component data is of great value for the magnetic inversion of submarine geological survey, but it is necessary to transform the three components of magnetometer in the instrument coordinate system to the geographical coordinate system.In this paper, a kind of inertial measurement unit built into magnetometer is proposed and implemented, which can provide the three-dimensional attitude matrix of magnetometer underwater in real time, and realize the direct reading output of geomagnetic vector in geographical coordinate system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH766

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張語珊;許廷發(fā);;0.1 nT靈敏度質(zhì)子磁力儀設(shè)計[J];地球物理學(xué)進展;2016年05期

2 馬永;李家彪;吳自銀;高抒;趙荻能;崔勇;李守軍;;綜合物探技術(shù)在海洋考古中的應(yīng)用——以川島水下考古為例[J];海洋學(xué)研究;2016年02期

3 楊敏;宋nf;王芳;宮文寧;;掩埋海底管道探測方法及新技術(shù)應(yīng)用研究[J];海洋科學(xué);2015年06期

4 葛健;陸承達;董浩斌;劉歡;袁志文;趙志卓;劉詠華;朱俊;張海洋;;基于Overhauser傳感器的近地表UXO磁梯度法探測技術(shù)[J];儀器儀表學(xué)報;2015年05期

5 艾虎;武永強;焦智偉;王澤霞;;地面高精度磁測在核電站選址中的應(yīng)用[J];工程地球物理學(xué)報;2015年02期

6 全建軍;夏忠;張凱;劉水蓮;陳珊樺;劉禮誠;陳美梅;;永安地磁臺FHD-2B質(zhì)子磁力儀觀測數(shù)據(jù)干擾分析[J];地震地磁觀測與研究;2015年01期

7 夏偉;邊剛;金紹華;任來平;王美娜;王琪;;海面與海底地磁日變化差異及其對海洋磁力測量的影響[J];海洋測繪;2015年01期

8 師于杰;任海剛;;國外非聲探潛與隱身技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢[J];艦船電子工程;2015年01期

9 章雪挺;陳鷹;唐勇;劉敬彪;;海底三分量磁力儀載體固有磁性的現(xiàn)場校正算法[J];儀器儀表學(xué)報;2014年07期

10 康崇;張曉峻;樊黎明;;基于ICCP算法的地磁匹配輔助導(dǎo)航[J];應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)與工程科學(xué)學(xué)報;2014年03期

，

本文編號：1767392