本文關(guān)鍵詞： 氧化銅礦 堆浸散體 孔隙結(jié)構(gòu) 滲透性 調(diào)控技術(shù)　出處：《北京科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：保持礦堆良好的孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)和滲透性能是礦物高效浸出的關(guān)鍵,論文以酸浸氧化銅礦巖散體為研究對象,以室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)、數(shù)值模擬、理論分析為技術(shù)手段,以強(qiáng)化堆浸滲流、改善浸出效果為目的,開展堆浸過程中孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)及滲流演化規(guī)律研究,主要包括:(1)開展了酸浸過程中氧化銅礦石顆粒內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)成像試驗(yàn)。借助顯微CT掃描系統(tǒng)、圖像處理技術(shù)和三維重構(gòu)技術(shù),展示了浸出作用下礦粒內(nèi)部裂隙結(jié)構(gòu)演化過程,運(yùn)用數(shù)字圖像分析技術(shù)揭示了酸浸氧化銅礦石顆粒內(nèi)部微裂隙結(jié)構(gòu)演化規(guī)律,酸浸作用使礦�？紫堵省⒘严冻叽绾蛿�(shù)量分別增加了約40%、3.5%和 25%。(2)完成了硫酸柱浸氧化銅礦巖散體顆粒間孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)演化試驗(yàn)。利用工業(yè)CT成像技術(shù)獲取了柱浸體系孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)信息,借助三種不同維度的孔隙率用于散體孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)評價(jià),探明了酸浸條件下氧化銅礦巖散體孔隙率、孔隙尺寸、滲透系數(shù)及浸出率隨浸礦時(shí)間演化規(guī)律。(3)探明了氧化銅礦石酸浸體系孔裂隙雙重介質(zhì)滲流演化規(guī)律�？疾炝怂峤趸~體系孔裂隙分形演化規(guī)律,明確了礦粒內(nèi)部裂隙分形維數(shù)與孔隙率、裂隙尺寸及數(shù)量之間的正線性相關(guān)關(guān)系,確定了散體顆粒間孔隙分形維數(shù)與孔隙率、孔隙尺寸及滲透系數(shù)間的線性關(guān)系,建立了氧化銅礦石酸浸體系孔裂隙雙重介質(zhì)分形滲流演化模型。(4)考察了堆浸散體飽和細(xì)觀滲流速度場分布特征。利用MRI系統(tǒng)開展了柱浸散體飽和滲流成像試驗(yàn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了堆浸溶液細(xì)觀滲流速度場的可視化,引入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差、變異系數(shù)和均勻性指數(shù)用于體系流場均勻性評價(jià),揭示了堆浸散體顆粒間溶液細(xì)觀滲流規(guī)律,基于MRI圖像構(gòu)建了有限單元模型,開展了浸礦散體細(xì)觀滲流數(shù)值模擬,模擬結(jié)果與測試結(jié)果較吻合。(5)闡明了酸浸氧化銅礦巖散體孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)及滲流演化機(jī)理。由氧化銅礦石酸浸反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)入手,解析了酸浸作用對氧化銅礦石顆粒內(nèi)部裂隙的影響機(jī)制,探明了酸浸條件下氧化銅礦巖散體滲流演化機(jī)理。(6)完善了浸礦過程中礦堆滲流調(diào)控技術(shù)措施。針對浸礦過程中礦堆孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)及滲流演化特點(diǎn),分析了堆浸滲流調(diào)控技術(shù)措施及其作用機(jī)理,提出了充氣強(qiáng)化堆浸滲流工藝設(shè)想,以促進(jìn)浸出進(jìn)程、改善浸礦效果。
[Abstract]:Keeping good pore structure and permeability of ore heap is the key to high efficiency leaching of minerals. This paper takes acid leaching of copper oxide as the research object, laboratory test, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis as the technical means. In order to strengthen heap leaching seepage and improve leaching effect, the pore structure and seepage evolution law in heap leaching process were studied. The main results include: (1) the internal structure imaging tests of copper oxide ores during acid leaching were carried out, with the help of micro CT scanning system, image processing and 3D reconstruction technology. The evolution process of the internal fracture structure of ore particles under leaching is demonstrated. The evolution law of micro-fracture structure in the particles of acid leaching copper oxide ores is revealed by using digital image analysis technology, and the porosity of ore particles caused by acid leaching is revealed. The size and number of fractures increased by about 40% respectively. The pore structure evolution test between particles of copper oxide in sulphuric acid column leaching has been completed in 3.5% and 25. The information of pore structure parameters of column leaching system has been obtained by using industrial CT imaging technique. With the help of three different dimensions of porosity to evaluate the pore structure of the bulk, the porosity and pore size of the copper oxide ore under acid leaching conditions are proved. Permeability coefficient and leaching rate with leaching time evolution rule.) the evolution law of pore and fissure double medium seepage in acid leaching system of copper oxide ore is proved. The fractal evolution law of pore and fissure in acid leaching copper oxide system is investigated. The positive linear correlation between the fractal dimension of fracture and porosity, the size and quantity of fracture is determined, and the fractal dimension of pore and porosity among granular particles are determined. Linear relationship between pore size and permeability coefficient. The fractal seepage evolution model of pore and fissure double medium in acid leaching system of copper oxide ore is established. The distribution characteristics of saturated meso-seepage velocity field of heap leaching particles were investigated and the imaging experiments of saturated seepage flow of pillared particles were carried out by MRI system. The visualization of flow velocity field of heap leaching solution was realized. Standard deviation coefficient of variation and uniformity index were introduced to evaluate the uniformity of flow field. The finite element model is constructed based on MRI image and the numerical simulation of mesoscopic seepage of leaching granular is carried out. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results.) the pore structure and seepage evolution mechanism of acid leaching copper oxide ore are explained. The kinetics of acid leaching reaction of copper oxide ores is discussed. The influence mechanism of acid leaching on the internal crack of copper oxide ore is analyzed. The mechanism of seepage evolution of copper oxide pellets under acid leaching condition has been proved, and the technical measures for controlling the seepage of ore heap in leaching process have been perfected, aiming at the pore structure and seepage evolution characteristics of ore heap during leaching. This paper analyzes on the technical measures and mechanism of seepage control in heap leaching, and puts forward the assumption of aerated enhanced heap leaching process to promote the leaching process and improve the leaching effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD862.1;TD313

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