本文關(guān)鍵詞： 球團(tuán)礦 低硅 含鎂含鈦 成礦 帶式焙燒機(jī)　出處：《北京科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：鋼鐵工業(yè)能耗約占我國(guó)工業(yè)總能耗的15%,其中鐵前工序能耗占到噸鋼能耗的70%以上,而降低鐵前工序能耗的關(guān)鍵在于做好精料工作。球團(tuán)礦相比于燒結(jié)礦存在諸多優(yōu)勢(shì),如能耗低、鐵品位高、還原性能好、粒度均勻等。近年來,隨著鐵礦資源的劣化以及高爐長(zhǎng)壽的需要,球團(tuán)礦的功能角色不斷多樣化:為了應(yīng)對(duì)高鋁渣流動(dòng)性能差、MgO含量高惡化燒結(jié)礦強(qiáng)度等問題,發(fā)展了鎂質(zhì)球團(tuán)技術(shù);為了高爐護(hù)爐需要,發(fā)展了鈦球技術(shù)。但是在球團(tuán)礦中同時(shí)添加MgO和TiO_2,尤其是針對(duì)低硅含鐵原料條件下,生產(chǎn)低硅含鎂含鈦球團(tuán)礦的技術(shù)尚屬空白。本論文以首鋼京唐鋼鐵公司504m2帶式焙燒機(jī)為依托,針對(duì)首鋼京唐球團(tuán)生產(chǎn)用低硅磁鐵礦粉資源、含鎂添加劑資源和含鈦礦粉資源,開展低硅含鎂含鈦球團(tuán)礦生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)研究,具有非常重要的科學(xué)意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。首先,對(duì)單一低硅磁鐵礦粉的造球性能、生球質(zhì)量、球團(tuán)礦冶金性能以及改變不同SiO_2含量對(duì)球團(tuán)礦還原膨脹率的影響進(jìn)行了研究。低硅磁鐵礦粉的SiO_2含量是1.52%,加入0.5%膨潤(rùn)土制備球團(tuán)礦時(shí),球團(tuán)礦SiO_2含量是1.8%,焙燒球團(tuán)內(nèi)液相很少,還原后球團(tuán)礦中出現(xiàn)了非常明顯的鐵晶須,球團(tuán)礦的還原膨脹率高達(dá)76%,屬于惡性膨脹,不能夠直接入爐;隨著球團(tuán)礦SiO_2含量的提高還原膨脹率降低,當(dāng)SiO_2含量在3.4%以上時(shí),球團(tuán)礦的還原膨脹率低于20%,達(dá)到18.7%,但是提高SiO_2含量會(huì)增大高爐渣量,造成高爐燃料比升高,所以球團(tuán)礦在降低SiO_2含量的同時(shí)控制一定的還原膨脹率是關(guān)鍵。其次,研究了不同MgO含量和使用不同含鎂添加劑對(duì)低硅球團(tuán)礦冶金性能的影響、不同焙燒溫度對(duì)低硅含鎂球團(tuán)礦質(zhì)量的影響,以及低硅含鎂球團(tuán)礦還原動(dòng)力學(xué)及其對(duì)綜合爐料冶金性能的影響。隨著MgO含量的提高,低硅球團(tuán)礦的抗壓強(qiáng)度明顯下降,需要提高焙燒溫度來進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。焙燒溫度低時(shí),存在未反應(yīng)的MgO,隨著焙燒溫度的提高,球團(tuán)內(nèi)部形成較均勻的鎂鐵礦,球團(tuán)礦抗壓強(qiáng)度能達(dá)到2800N/P以上;球團(tuán)礦的MgO提高到3.4%以上時(shí)還原膨脹率可以降到16.5%;配加MgO可以明顯改善球團(tuán)礦的還原度和熔滴性能;配加鎂橄欖石、氧化鎂粉和蛇紋石能控制低硅球團(tuán)礦的還原膨脹率,其中氧化鎂粉的SiO_2含量低,MgO含量高,更有利于降低球團(tuán)礦SiO_2含量和控制還原膨脹率;MgO含量適宜、焙燒溫度較高的低硅含鎂球團(tuán)礦還原時(shí)主要被固相擴(kuò)散控制,鐵離子擴(kuò)散受限,產(chǎn)生的鐵晶須少,還原膨脹率低。然后,研究了 TiO_2對(duì)低硅球團(tuán)礦抗壓強(qiáng)度和冶金性能的影響,研究了MgO和TiO_2的協(xié)同作用對(duì)低硅球團(tuán)礦質(zhì)量的影響及機(jī)理。球團(tuán)礦直接加入TiO_2時(shí),形成鈦磁鐵礦有利于改善還原膨脹率,但不利于球團(tuán)礦的還原性,而在加入TiO_2的同時(shí)加入MgO,可以改善含鈦球團(tuán)礦的還原性和熔滴性能;球團(tuán)加入MgO和TiO_2時(shí)可形成鎂鐵礦和鈦磁鐵礦,有效控制球團(tuán)礦的還原膨脹率,降低SiO_2含量,MgO和TiO_2含量分別提高至1.7%和1.2%時(shí),球團(tuán)礦的SiO_2含量可降低至2.8%;物相結(jié)構(gòu)中磁鐵礦和鈦鐵礦含量高的含鈦礦粉對(duì)球團(tuán)抗壓強(qiáng)度影響相對(duì)較小,且有利于控制球團(tuán)礦還原膨脹率;配加含鈦礦粉后,低硅含鎂球團(tuán)礦的焙燒溫度需要提高10℃左右。最后,進(jìn)行了大型帶式焙燒機(jī)生產(chǎn)低硅含鎂含鈦球團(tuán)礦的工業(yè)試驗(yàn)研究,以及高爐應(yīng)用低硅含鎂含鈦球團(tuán)礦的效果分析。低硅含鎂含鈦球團(tuán)礦的焙燒溫度比低硅含鎂球團(tuán)礦的要高一些,焙燒溫度適當(dāng)提高后,球團(tuán)礦的抗壓強(qiáng)度和冶金性能可以滿足大型高爐入爐要求;低硅含鎂含鈦球團(tuán)礦SiO_2含量從3.5%降低至2.82%,MgO從自然含量提高至1.72%,TiO_2從自然含量提高到1.2%,球團(tuán)礦還原膨脹率控制在20%以下,球團(tuán)礦還原度和熔滴性能大幅度改善;在5500m3超大型高爐上應(yīng)用了低硅含鈦含鎂球團(tuán)礦,高爐渣量和燃料比分別降低了 12.6kg/tHM和5.3kg/tHM,利用系數(shù)提高,高爐生產(chǎn)取得了良好的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)
[Abstract]:The iron and steel industry of China's industrial energy consumption accounts for about 15% of the total energy consumption of iron, which before the process of energy consumption accounted for more than 70% of the energy consumption per ton of steel, and reduce the key process before iron consumption is to do the fine material. The pellets compared to many advantages such as low energy consumption of sintering ore, iron, high grade, the performance is good, particle size uniform. In recent years, with the deterioration of iron ore resources and the need of BF, the functional role of pellet continuous diversification: in response to the high aluminum slag flowability, sintering ore strength deterioration of the high content of MgO, the development of magnesia pellet technology; for the protection of blast furnace, the development of titanium ball technology but. At the same time, add MgO and TiO_2 in the pellet, especially in the condition of low silicon iron containing raw materials, the production of low silicon containing magnesium containing titanium pellet is still blank. In this paper, Shougang Jingtang Steel Corp 504m2 belt type roasting machine based on With low silicon magnetite resources production of Shougang Jingtang pellet, magnesium containing additives containing titanium ore resources and resources, to carry out basic research of low silicon containing magnesium production technology of titanium containing pellets, which has very important scientific significance and practical value. Firstly, the single low silica magnetite pellet properties, ball quality, pellet the metallurgical properties and the change of different SiO_2 content on pellet swelling rate were studied. The content of SiO_2 of low silicon magnetite powder is 1.52%, adding 0.5% bentonite pellet preparation, pellet SiO_2 content is 1.8%, the roasting pellet in liquid phase is very few, the appearance of the obvious iron whisker after reduction the pellet, the pellet reduction swelling rate as high as 76%, which belongs to the malignant expansion, can not be directly into the furnace; with the increase of the content of SiO_2 pellet reduction swelling rate decreased when the SiO_2 content is more than 3.4%, the reduction of bentonite pellets The inflation rate is lower than 20%, reached 18.7%, but increased the content of SiO_2 will increase the amount of blast furnace slag, blast furnace caused by fuel ratio increased, so the pellets decreased the SiO_2 content in the control of certain reduction expansion rate is the key. Secondly, and the use of different MgO content of different magnesium containing additive effect on low silicon pellet metallurgical properties the effect of different calcination temperature on low silicon magnesium pellet quality, and low silicon containing magnesium pellet and its dynamics on metallurgical properties of burden. With the increasing of MgO content, the compressive strength of low silicon pellet decreased significantly, the need to improve the calcination temperature to compensate. The calcination temperature is low, there is the unreacted MgO, with the increase of calcination temperature, pellet formed inside the MAGNESIOFERRITE is uniform, the pellet compression strength can reach more than 2800N/P; improve the pellet MgO to above 3.4% when the reduction swelling rate Down to 16.5%; adding MgO can significantly improve the reduction degree of pellets and droplet properties; adding forsterite, the reduction swelling of magnesium oxide and serpentine can control the low silicon pellet, which SiO_2 content of magnesium oxide, the content of MgO is high, more conducive to reducing the expansion rate of pellet SiO_2 content and control the content of MgO; suitable, low silicon containing magnesium pellets with higher calcination temperature reduction is mainly solid diffusion control, iron ion diffusion limited, the iron whiskers less, reducing swelling rate is low. Then, the effects of TiO_2 on low silicon pellet compressive strength and metallurgical properties, studied the synergistic effects of MgO and TiO_2 the influence of low silicon pellet quality and mechanism. TiO_2 directly into pellets, the formation of titanium magnetite can improve the reduction swelling, but not conducive to the reduction of pellets, while adding TiO_2 into MgO, can improve Titanium containing pellet reducibility and droplet properties; adding MgO and TiO_2 pellets can be formed when magnesium iron and titanium magnetite, effectively control the reduction swelling of pellets, decrease the content of SiO_2, MgO and TiO_2 content were increased to 1.7% and 1.2%, SiO_2 content of the pellets can be reduced to 2.8% and titanium magnetite; the content of iron phase in high titanium slag on compressive strength of pellets is relatively small, and is helpful to control the pellet reduction swelling rate; adding titanium slag, calcination temperature of low silicon containing magnesium pellet need to raise around 10 degrees. Finally, the industrial experimental study on production of low silicon containing type roasting machine magnesium containing titanium pellet with large, low silicon blast furnace application and effect analysis of magnesium containing titanium containing pellets. Higher calcination temperature of low silicon containing magnesium titanium containing pellets than low silicon magnesium containing pellets, calcination temperature increasing, the pellets The compressive strength and metallurgical properties can meet the requirements of large blast furnace; low silicon magnesium containing titanium containing pellets of SiO_2 content decreased from 3.5% to 2.82%, MgO from the natural content increased to 1.72%, TiO_2 increased to 1.2% from the natural content, pellet expansion rate below 20%, the pellet reduction degree and droplet properties improved; in 5500m3 ultra large blast furnace with low silicon containing titanium magnesium containing pellets, slag volume and fuel ratio were reduced by 12.6kg/tHM and 5.3kg/tHM, improve the utilization coefficient of blast furnace production, and achieved good economic and technical index

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TF046.6

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