【摘要】：近年來,隨著污水處理廠大量建設,水體污染情況得到了有效的控制,但是隨之而來的是大量剩余污泥的產生。如果不能對其進行合理有效的處理處置,就會給生態(tài)環(huán)境和人體健康帶來巨大的危害。污泥中含有30~60%的蛋白質,對其進行合理的提取和利用有助于實現(xiàn)污泥的穩(wěn)定化、資源化和減量化。本文以鄭州市某城市污水處理廠剩余污泥為研究對象,首先分別采用單獨超聲波法和單獨酶法對其進行水解,研究了這兩種方法對污泥蛋白質提取的主要影響因素;在此基礎上,探索了超聲波預處理對酶解污泥提取蛋白質的強化效果。課題研究的主要結論如下:(1)采用超聲波提取污泥蛋白,在優(yōu)化條件下,以功率密度為2W/mL的超聲波對含水率為94%的污泥輻射處理20min,其蛋白質的提取率為15.3%,污泥比阻由原來的1.7×1010S2/g減小為2.419×109S2/g,污泥的脫水性能提高了83%;(2)采用堿性蛋白酶對污泥進行水解提取蛋白,在污泥含水率為94%時,用NaOH調節(jié)其pH為8,加入2%(w/w)的堿性蛋白酶,在55℃下水解4h,可獲的蛋白質的最高提取率為58%,此時污泥比阻為1.382×109S2/g,污泥脫水性能提高了90%;(3)采用優(yōu)化條件下的超聲波對污泥進行預處理后,用堿性蛋白酶進行水解,其優(yōu)化酶解條件與單獨酶解的優(yōu)化條件是一致的;但是其蛋白提取率達到69%,較單獨酶解提高了19%;污泥比阻為0.62×109S2/g,其脫水性能較單獨酶解提高了55%,表明超聲波預處理可以有效強化酶解提取污泥蛋白質過程;(4)超聲波-酶法對蛋白質的提取率較堿熱法低21%左右,但是污泥的脫水性能較堿熱法高56%。其蛋白液成分中氨基酸的含量較高,適合做葉面肥、動物飼料等。且超聲波-酶法反應條件溫和,不產生二次污染,因此具有廣闊的應用前景。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the construction of sewage treatment plants, water pollution has been effectively controlled, but a large number of excess sludge has been produced. If it can not be dealt with reasonably and effectively, it will bring great harm to the ecological environment and human health. The sludge contains 30% 60% protein, and its reasonable extraction and utilization is helpful to realize the stabilization, resource utilization and reduction of sludge. In this paper, the excess sludge of a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Zhengzhou was taken as the research object. Firstly, the main influencing factors of these two methods on the protein extraction of sludge were studied by using single ultrasonic method and single enzyme method respectively. On this basis, the enhancement effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on protein extraction from hydrolyzed sludge was explored. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) under the optimized conditions, the protein extraction rate of sludge with water content of 94% was 15.3% when the sewage sludge with water content of 94% was irradiated by ultrasonic wave with power density of 2W/mL under the optimized conditions, and the main conclusions of the study were as follows: (1) under the optimized conditions, the extraction rate of sludge protein was 15.3%. The specific resistance of sludge is reduced from 1.7 脳 1010S2/g to 2.419 脳 109S2 / g, and the dewatering performance of sludge is improved by 83%. (2) the protein was hydrolyzed and extracted by alkaline protease. When the moisture content of sludge was 94%, the pH was adjusted to 8 by NaOH, and 2% (w 鈮，

本文編號：2476018