【摘要】：吸水性樹脂是一種能夠吸收大量水的超強(qiáng)吸水劑,其具備優(yōu)異的吸水性能和保水性能等,可以應(yīng)用于多個(gè)領(lǐng)域�；诰G色環(huán)保理念,選用天冬氨酸作為綠色原料,合成吸水性樹脂,然而單一組分的聚天冬氨酸吸水性樹脂的成本較高和耐鹽性較差,多種組分復(fù)合制備吸水性樹脂,可以提高樹脂的綜合性能。因此本文以改性聚琥珀酰亞胺、丙烯酸、有機(jī)蒙脫土和羧甲基纖維素為原料采用水溶液聚合法制備了可生物降解和生物相容的復(fù)合吸水性樹脂:改性聚天冬氨酸/聚丙烯酸/有機(jī)蒙脫土(KPAsp/PAA/OMMT)和改性聚天冬氨酸/聚丙烯酸/羧甲基纖維素(KPAsp/PAA/CMC)復(fù)合吸水性樹脂。本文探究了兩種復(fù)合樹脂的合成參數(shù)、吸液動(dòng)力學(xué)、pH敏感性、溫度敏感性、鹽敏感性以及在人工血、人工尿和乙醇水溶液中的吸液性能,并對(duì)復(fù)合樹脂的結(jié)構(gòu)、熱穩(wěn)定和表面形貌進(jìn)行進(jìn)行了表征,研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)果如下:(1)在水溶液體系中以改性聚琥珀酰亞胺(KPSI)、丙烯酸(AA)和有機(jī)蒙脫土(OMMT)為原料,過硫酸鉀(K_2S_2O_8)為引發(fā)劑,N’N-亞甲基雙丙烯酰胺(MBA)為交聯(lián)劑,制備了KPAsp/PAA/OMMT復(fù)合吸水性樹脂。探討了合成參數(shù)對(duì)復(fù)合樹脂吸液倍率的影響,結(jié)果表明當(dāng)各組分組成比為m(KPSI):m(AA)=1:3,有機(jī)蒙脫土用量為KPSI的10wt%時(shí),蒙脫土粒徑為通過網(wǎng)篩230~300目,AA中和度為70%,引發(fā)劑和交聯(lián)劑用量分別為單體的0.5wt%和0.2wt%,反應(yīng)溫度為70℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為3 h,復(fù)合樹脂的吸液倍率達(dá)到最佳,其在去離子水和生理鹽水中的吸液倍率分別為675 g/g和118g/g。(2)對(duì)KPAsp/PAA/OMMT復(fù)合吸水性樹脂的結(jié)構(gòu),熱穩(wěn)定性和表面形貌進(jìn)行了FTIR、XRD、TGA和SEM表征,結(jié)果表明:在蒙脫土片層之間發(fā)生了聚合交聯(lián)反應(yīng),蒙脫土被剝離,達(dá)到納米級(jí)分散;復(fù)合樹脂的熱穩(wěn)定性得到改善,復(fù)合樹脂具有均勻規(guī)則的孔道結(jié)構(gòu)。復(fù)合樹脂吸液動(dòng)力學(xué)分析表明其吸液動(dòng)力學(xué)屬于菲克擴(kuò)散。(3)KPAsp/PAA/OMMT復(fù)合吸水性樹脂表現(xiàn)出良好的pH、溫度、鹽敏感性。復(fù)合樹脂的吸液倍率在pH=6和pH=10的溶液中存在兩個(gè)吸液高峰,其低臨界溶解溫度(LCST)是50℃,在該溫度下復(fù)合樹脂表現(xiàn)出最佳的吸液倍率,其在NaCl、CaCl_2和FeCl_3溶液中的吸液倍率均是隨鹽溶液濃度的升高逐漸降低,當(dāng)三者濃度相同時(shí),樹脂在其中的吸液順序?yàn)?NaClFeCl_3CaCl_2。探究了復(fù)合樹脂在人工尿、人工血和乙醇水溶液的吸液倍率,結(jié)果表明:其在人工血、人工尿和50%乙醇水溶液中的吸液倍率分別達(dá)到110 g/g、46 g/g和215 g/g,是KPAsp的3.3倍、1.8倍和1.6倍。(4)采用水溶液聚合法在引發(fā)劑和交聯(lián)劑作用下制備了KPAsp/PAA/CMC復(fù)合吸水性樹脂,探討了合成參數(shù)對(duì)復(fù)合樹脂吸液倍率的影響,當(dāng)原料組成為m(KPSI)/m(AA)/m(CMC)=1:3:0.15時(shí),交聯(lián)劑為0.1wt%,引發(fā)劑為0.5wt%,丙烯酸中和度為70%,丙烯酸質(zhì)量濃度為12.5%,反應(yīng)溫度為70℃,合成的復(fù)合樹脂在去離子水和生理鹽水中的吸水倍率達(dá)到最好,分別為845 g/g和130 g/g。(5)通過FTIR、TGA和SEM對(duì)KPAsp/PAA/CMC復(fù)合吸水性樹脂進(jìn)行表征,結(jié)果表明復(fù)合復(fù)合樹脂成功制備,熱穩(wěn)定性提高,孔道結(jié)構(gòu)得到了改善。復(fù)合樹脂吸液動(dòng)力學(xué)分析表明復(fù)合樹脂吸水溶脹過程屬于菲克擴(kuò)散。(6)探究了KPAsp/PAA/CMC復(fù)合吸水性樹脂的敏感性,復(fù)合樹脂在pH=5和pH=9的溶液中吸液倍率出現(xiàn)量高峰,表現(xiàn)出良好的pH敏感性;復(fù)合樹脂的液倍率在55℃(低臨界溶解溫度)下達(dá)到最大值;在不同濃度的同種鹽溶液中,復(fù)合樹脂的吸液倍率隨鹽溶液濃度的升高而降低,當(dāng)濃度相同時(shí),樹脂在不同鹽溶液中的吸液大小為:NaClFeCl_3CaCl_2。在人工血、人工尿和50%乙醇水溶液中復(fù)合吸水性樹脂具有良好的吸液性能,其吸液倍率分別為211 g/g、142 g/g和295 g/g,是KPAsp的6.39倍、5.68倍和2.2倍。
[Abstract]:The water-absorbent resin is an ultra-strong water-absorbing agent capable of absorbing a large amount of water, which has excellent water absorption performance and water retention property and the like, and can be applied in a plurality of fields. Based on the concept of green environmental protection, aspartic acid is used as green raw material and water-absorbent resin is synthesized, however, the cost of polyaspartic acid water-absorbent resin with single component is higher and the salt resistance is poor, and various components are compounded to prepare water-absorbent resin, so that the comprehensive performance of the resin can be improved. In this paper, the biodegradable and biocompatible composite water-absorbent resin was prepared by aqueous solution polymerization with modified polyamber acid, acrylic acid, organic montmorillonite and cellulose as raw materials. Modified polyaspartic acid/ polyacrylic acid/ organic montmorillonite (KPAsp/ PAA/ OMMT) and modified polyaspartic acid/ polyacrylic acid/ polyurethane (KPAsp/ PAA/ CMC) composite water-absorbent resin. In this paper, the synthetic parameters, the kinetics, pH sensitivity, temperature sensitivity, salt sensitivity of the two kinds of composite resins and the absorption performance of the artificial blood, artificial urine and ethanol aqueous solution were studied, and the structure, thermal stability and surface morphology of the composite resin were characterized. The research contents and results are as follows: (1) In aqueous solution system, modified polyamber (KPSI), acrylic acid (AA) and organic montmorillonite (OMMT) are used as raw materials, potassium persulfate (K _ 2S _ 2O _ 8) as initiator, N 'N-methylene bis (MBA) as cross-linking agent, KPAsp/ PAA/ OMMT composite water-absorbent resin was prepared. The effect of synthetic parameters on the rate of resin absorption was discussed. The results showed that when the composition ratio of each component was m (KPSI): m (AA) = 1: 3 and the amount of organic montmorillonite was 10wt% of KPSI, the particle size of montmorillonite was 230 ~ 300 mesh, and the neutralization degree was 70% in AA. The initiator and crosslinking agent were used in 0. 5wt% and 0. 2wt% of the monomer, the reaction temperature was 70 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2306490