碳纖維紙基屏蔽材料的制備與性能研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-15 18:26
【摘要】：隨著信息技術(shù)和電子技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,人們生活中出現(xiàn)了大量的電器設(shè)備,各種電器設(shè)備在提高人們的工作效率和生活質(zhì)量的同時(shí),也產(chǎn)生了大量的電磁輻射,給人們的生活帶來了不便,對(duì)人類的生命健康造成了威脅。因此,對(duì)高性能屏蔽材料研究就顯得非常重要了。石墨烯擁有獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu),超強(qiáng)的導(dǎo)電性能,是很有發(fā)展前景的電磁屏蔽材料。同時(shí)鎳也是一種具有高磁導(dǎo)率物質(zhì),可以對(duì)電磁波產(chǎn)生很大的吸收損耗,是一種非常有發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ钠帘尾牧�。本研究主要以碳纖維和植物纖維作為基本骨架原料,通過真空減壓抽濾法來制備石墨烯/碳纖維電磁屏蔽紙和化學(xué)鍍鎳植物纖維/碳纖維電磁屏蔽紙,并對(duì)導(dǎo)電性能和電磁屏蔽性能進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究,為高性能的電磁屏蔽產(chǎn)品的制備提供一定的理論依據(jù)。首先,對(duì)碳纖維進(jìn)行氧化改性處理,使其表面的活性基團(tuán)數(shù)量增多。然后分別對(duì)化學(xué)鍍鎳后的植物纖維、碳纖維的混合體系的分散性和石墨烯、植物纖維、碳纖維混合體系的分散性進(jìn)行了研究。發(fā)現(xiàn)混合體系的粘度,隨著還原劑二甲基氨硼烷(DMAB)用量的增大,先降低后升高,當(dāng)還原劑二甲基氨硼烷(DMAB)用量為3g/L時(shí),混合體系的粘度最低,分散性能最好,同時(shí)包覆率也較大。同時(shí)對(duì)石墨烯、植物纖維和碳纖維漿料混合體系分散性的因素進(jìn)行探究,發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)疏解轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)為20000r/min,超聲時(shí)間為22.5min,加入的CPAM用量為0.5%時(shí),石墨烯、植物纖維和碳纖維漿料的混合體系分散性最好。其次,采用真空抽濾將具有超強(qiáng)導(dǎo)電性的石墨烯材料加入到紙基材料內(nèi)部,制備出石墨烯/碳纖維紙基屏蔽材料,研究了石墨烯添加量對(duì)碳纖維紙基材料的導(dǎo)電性能和屏蔽性能的影響;采用探究得到的最佳實(shí)驗(yàn)工藝制備石墨烯/碳纖維紙基材料,采用掃描電鏡、抗張強(qiáng)度測(cè)試儀、四探針電阻率測(cè)試儀和矢量網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀對(duì)石墨烯/碳纖維紙基材料進(jìn)行表面形貌、力學(xué)性能、導(dǎo)電性能和電磁屏蔽性能的表征,研究石墨烯添加量對(duì)石墨烯紙基材料的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)石墨烯添加量為10wt%時(shí),石墨烯/碳纖維紙的電阻率降低到最小值0.662?·cm,同時(shí),石墨烯/碳纖維紙具有最高的電磁屏蔽效能。此外,使用化學(xué)鍍的方法在植物纖維表面進(jìn)行化學(xué)鍍鎳,然后采用真空抽濾制備植物纖維化學(xué)鍍鎳的碳纖維紙基材料,研究了鎳的包覆量對(duì)紙基材料的力學(xué)性能、導(dǎo)電性能和屏蔽性能的影響,并將化學(xué)鍍鎳碳纖維紙基材料和石墨烯/碳纖維紙基材料進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析研究。綜合對(duì)比兩種碳纖維紙基材料,得到結(jié)論:相比于石墨烯/碳纖維紙基材料,化學(xué)鍍鎳的碳纖維紙基材料在力學(xué)性能和導(dǎo)電性能方面相差都比較大,但其電磁屏蔽性能卻和石墨烯/碳纖維紙基材料無明顯差異,相同頻率下,相差不超過2dB。綜上所述,與化學(xué)鍍鎳碳纖維紙相比較,石墨烯/碳纖維紙更適合應(yīng)用在電磁屏蔽方面,可以更好地對(duì)電磁波進(jìn)行屏蔽。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology and electronic technology, a large number of electrical equipment have appeared in people's lives. All kinds of electrical equipment not only improve people's working efficiency and quality of life, but also produce a lot of electromagnetic radiation. It brings inconvenience to people's life and threatens the life and health of human beings. Therefore, it is very important to study high performance shielding materials. Graphene, with its unique structure and excellent electrical conductivity, is a promising electromagnetic shielding material. At the same time, nickel is also a kind of high permeability material, which can cause great absorption loss to electromagnetic wave, and it is a kind of shielding material with great development potential. In this study, carbon fiber and plant fiber were used as basic skeleton materials to prepare graphene / carbon fiber electromagnetic shielding paper and electroless nickel-coated vegetable fiber / carbon fiber electromagnetic shielding paper by vacuum filtration method. The electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance are systematically studied to provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of high performance electromagnetic shielding products. Firstly, the surface active groups of carbon fiber were increased by oxidation modification. Then the dispersity of plant fiber, carbon fiber mixed system and graphene, plant fiber and carbon fiber mixed system after electroless nickel plating were studied respectively. It was found that the viscosity of the mixed system decreased first and then increased with the increase of the (DMAB) content of dimethylamino borane. When the content of (DMAB) was 3g/L, the viscosity of the mixed system was the lowest and the dispersion property was the best. At the same time, the coating rate is also large. At the same time, the factors of dispersity of graphene, plant fiber and carbon fiber paste were investigated. It was found that when the hydrophobic number was 200r / min, the ultrasonic time was 22.5min and the amount of CPAM added was 0.5g / min, graphene was obtained. The mixture of plant fiber and carbon fiber paste has the best dispersion. Secondly, graphene / carbon fiber paper-base shielding material was prepared by adding graphene material with super conductivity into paper based material by vacuum filtration. The effects of graphene addition on the conductive and shielding properties of carbon fiber paper based materials were studied, and the graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials were prepared by the optimum experimental process, and the tensile strength tester and scanning electron microscope were used to prepare graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials. The surface morphology, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding properties of graphene / carbon fiber paper-based materials were characterized by four-probe resistivity tester and vector network analyzer. The effect of graphene addition on graphene paper-based materials was studied. It is found that the resistivity of graphene / carbon fiber paper decreases to a minimum of 0.662? cm, when the content of graphene is 10 wt%, and the graphene / carbon fiber paper has the highest electromagnetic shielding efficiency. In addition, electroless nickel plating was carried out on the surface of plant fibers by electroless plating, and carbon fiber paper based materials were prepared by vacuum filtration. The mechanical properties of paper based materials were studied by coating amount of nickel. The effects of electroless nickel coated carbon fiber paper based materials and graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials on the electrical conductivity and shielding properties were compared and studied. Compared with graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials, compared with graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials, electroless nickel coated carbon fiber paper based materials have great difference in mechanical properties and conductive properties. However, there is no obvious difference between the electromagnetic shielding properties and graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials, and the difference is not more than 2 dB at the same frequency. In conclusion, compared with electroless nickel coated carbon fiber paper, graphene / carbon fiber paper is more suitable for electromagnetic shielding and can shield electromagnetic wave better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS761.2
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology and electronic technology, a large number of electrical equipment have appeared in people's lives. All kinds of electrical equipment not only improve people's working efficiency and quality of life, but also produce a lot of electromagnetic radiation. It brings inconvenience to people's life and threatens the life and health of human beings. Therefore, it is very important to study high performance shielding materials. Graphene, with its unique structure and excellent electrical conductivity, is a promising electromagnetic shielding material. At the same time, nickel is also a kind of high permeability material, which can cause great absorption loss to electromagnetic wave, and it is a kind of shielding material with great development potential. In this study, carbon fiber and plant fiber were used as basic skeleton materials to prepare graphene / carbon fiber electromagnetic shielding paper and electroless nickel-coated vegetable fiber / carbon fiber electromagnetic shielding paper by vacuum filtration method. The electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance are systematically studied to provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of high performance electromagnetic shielding products. Firstly, the surface active groups of carbon fiber were increased by oxidation modification. Then the dispersity of plant fiber, carbon fiber mixed system and graphene, plant fiber and carbon fiber mixed system after electroless nickel plating were studied respectively. It was found that the viscosity of the mixed system decreased first and then increased with the increase of the (DMAB) content of dimethylamino borane. When the content of (DMAB) was 3g/L, the viscosity of the mixed system was the lowest and the dispersion property was the best. At the same time, the coating rate is also large. At the same time, the factors of dispersity of graphene, plant fiber and carbon fiber paste were investigated. It was found that when the hydrophobic number was 200r / min, the ultrasonic time was 22.5min and the amount of CPAM added was 0.5g / min, graphene was obtained. The mixture of plant fiber and carbon fiber paste has the best dispersion. Secondly, graphene / carbon fiber paper-base shielding material was prepared by adding graphene material with super conductivity into paper based material by vacuum filtration. The effects of graphene addition on the conductive and shielding properties of carbon fiber paper based materials were studied, and the graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials were prepared by the optimum experimental process, and the tensile strength tester and scanning electron microscope were used to prepare graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials. The surface morphology, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding properties of graphene / carbon fiber paper-based materials were characterized by four-probe resistivity tester and vector network analyzer. The effect of graphene addition on graphene paper-based materials was studied. It is found that the resistivity of graphene / carbon fiber paper decreases to a minimum of 0.662? cm, when the content of graphene is 10 wt%, and the graphene / carbon fiber paper has the highest electromagnetic shielding efficiency. In addition, electroless nickel plating was carried out on the surface of plant fibers by electroless plating, and carbon fiber paper based materials were prepared by vacuum filtration. The mechanical properties of paper based materials were studied by coating amount of nickel. The effects of electroless nickel coated carbon fiber paper based materials and graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials on the electrical conductivity and shielding properties were compared and studied. Compared with graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials, compared with graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials, electroless nickel coated carbon fiber paper based materials have great difference in mechanical properties and conductive properties. However, there is no obvious difference between the electromagnetic shielding properties and graphene / carbon fiber paper based materials, and the difference is not more than 2 dB at the same frequency. In conclusion, compared with electroless nickel coated carbon fiber paper, graphene / carbon fiber paper is more suitable for electromagnetic shielding and can shield electromagnetic wave better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS761.2
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