【摘要】：環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料具有制備工藝簡單、原料來源廣泛等優(yōu)點(diǎn),近年來在多種領(lǐng)域被廣泛應(yīng)用。選取環(huán)氧樹脂E-51與固化劑T-31作為粘結(jié)劑體系,石墨、二硫化鉬作為減摩相,氧化鋁、二氧化硅作為增強(qiáng)相。首先,采用加熱共輥法制備單組分環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料,利用掃描電子顯微鏡觀察填料在環(huán)氧樹脂基體上的分布形態(tài),并對(duì)減摩材料的摩擦磨損性能、壓縮性能和邵氏硬度進(jìn)行測試,得到環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料性能隨單組分填料含量變化的規(guī)律;然后,利用正交試驗(yàn)方法設(shè)計(jì)四組分環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料的組分配比,并采用等效夾雜理論Mori-Tanaka法預(yù)測其彈性特征,再結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)最終確定四組分環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料的最優(yōu)配比。分別制備石墨/環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料和二硫化鉬/環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料,減摩相石墨、二硫化鉬的含量變化均為10%、20%、30%和40%。測試結(jié)果表明兩種減摩材料的摩擦磨損性能隨減摩相含量升高表現(xiàn)出先上升后下降的趨勢,且均在含量為20%時(shí)達(dá)到最佳;而壓縮性能和邵氏硬度則逐漸下降。使用數(shù)碼顯微鏡觀察磨損面,并對(duì)兩種減摩材料的磨損機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明二者的磨損機(jī)理相似,即減摩相含量較少時(shí),以粘著磨損為主;隨著減磨相含量逐漸上升,由粘著磨損轉(zhuǎn)為疲勞磨損,最后又變成磨粒磨損。分別制備二氧化硅/環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料和氧化鋁/環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料,增強(qiáng)相二氧化硅、氧化鋁的含量變化均為5%、10%、15%和20%。研究結(jié)果表明,與環(huán)氧樹脂相比,兩種減摩材料的壓縮性能均得到提高,但變化趨勢略有不同。二氧化硅/環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料的壓縮性能隨二氧化硅含量升高呈現(xiàn)出先上升后下降的趨勢,當(dāng)二氧化硅含量為15%時(shí),壓縮性能最優(yōu),壓縮強(qiáng)度和壓縮彈性模量分別提高19.2%、15.7%。氧化鋁/環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料的壓縮性能隨氧化鋁含量升高呈現(xiàn)出上升趨勢,當(dāng)氧化鋁含量為20%時(shí),壓縮性能最優(yōu),壓縮強(qiáng)度和壓縮彈性模量分別提高5.3%、10.2%。兩種減摩材料的邵氏硬度分別隨二氧化硅、氧化鋁含量升高呈現(xiàn)出上升趨勢,當(dāng)二氧化硅、氧化鋁含量均為20%時(shí),邵氏硬度分別提高0.4%、1.3%�；诘刃A雜理論的Mori-Tanaka法對(duì)增強(qiáng)相/環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料的彈性模量進(jìn)行模擬,與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了模擬的準(zhǔn)確性。結(jié)合減摩相/環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料彈性模量的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,求解出該實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下石墨、二硫化鉬的彈性模量。綜合考慮減摩相和增強(qiáng)相對(duì)減摩材料的影響,通過正交試驗(yàn)方法設(shè)計(jì)了 9組四組分環(huán)氧樹脂基減摩材料,并對(duì)其彈性特征進(jìn)行預(yù)測,選取彈性模量較高的3組進(jìn)行摩擦磨損性能、邵氏硬度測試,最終確定當(dāng)石墨、二硫化鉬、二氧化硅、氧化鋁含量分別為4%、10%、8%、5%時(shí),減摩材料的綜合性能最優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:Epoxy resin based antifriction materials have been widely used in many fields in recent years because of its simple preparation process and wide source of raw materials. Epoxy resin E-51 and curing agent T-31 were selected as binder, graphite, molybdenum disulfide as antifriction phase, alumina and silica as reinforcing phase. Firstly, one-component epoxy resin based antifriction materials were prepared by heating co-roll method. The distribution of fillers on epoxy resin matrix was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the friction and wear properties of friction reducing materials were also studied. The compressive properties and Shao's hardness were tested, and the properties of epoxy resin based antifriction materials varied with the content of one-component fillers. Then, the composition and distribution ratio of four components of epoxy resin based antifriction materials was designed by orthogonal test. The elastic characteristics were predicted by the equivalent inclusion theory Mori-Tanaka method and the optimum proportion of the four components epoxy resin based antifriction materials was finally determined by the experiments. Graphite / epoxy based antifriction materials and molybdenum disulfide / epoxy based antifriction materials were prepared respectively. The content of graphite and molybdenum disulfide in antifriction phase varied from 10% to 20% and from 40% to 40% respectively. The results show that the friction and wear properties of the two friction-reducing materials increase first and then decrease with the increase of the friction-reducing phase content, and both reach the best value when the content is 20, while the compressive properties and Shao's hardness decrease gradually. The wear surface was observed by digital microscope, and the wear mechanism of two friction reducing materials was analyzed. The results show that the wear mechanism is similar, that is, the adhesion wear is dominant when the content of antifriction phase is low, and the wear is changed from adhesive wear to fatigue wear, and finally to abrasive wear with the increase of wear reducing phase content. Silica / epoxy based antifriction materials and alumina / epoxy based antifriction materials were prepared respectively. The results show that compared with epoxy resin, the compression properties of the two kinds of antifriction materials are improved, but the variation trend is slightly different. The compressive properties of silica / epoxy based friction reducing materials increased first and then decreased with the increase of silica content. When the content of silica was 15, the compressive properties were the best, and the compression strength and modulus of compression were increased by 19.2 / 15.7, respectively. The compressive properties of alumina / epoxy based antifriction materials show an upward trend with the increase of alumina content. When the content of alumina is 20, the compressive properties are the best, and the compression strength and compression elastic modulus are increased by 5.3% and 10.2%, respectively. Shao's hardness of the two antifriction materials showed an upward trend with the increase of Sio _ 2 and Al _ 2O _ 3.When the content of Sio _ 2 and Al _ 2O _ 3 were both 20, Shao's hardness increased by 0.4% and 1.3% respectively. The Mori-Tanaka method based on the equivalent inclusion theory is used to simulate the elastic modulus of reinforced / epoxy resin based antifriction materials. The simulation results are compared with the experimental results and the accuracy of the simulation is verified. The elastic modulus of graphite and molybdenum disulfide under the experimental conditions was calculated by combining the experimental results of friction reducing phase / epoxy resin based antifriction material. Considering the effect of friction reduction phase and reinforcement on friction reducing materials, nine groups of four groups of epoxy resin based antifriction materials were designed by orthogonal test, and their elastic characteristics were predicted. The friction and wear properties of the three groups with high elastic modulus were tested, and the comprehensive properties of the antifriction materials were determined to be the best when the contents of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, silicon dioxide and alumina were 410% and 5% respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB39

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