【摘要】：因汽車覆蓋件有其自身特點(diǎn),所以覆蓋件沖壓成形與一般沖壓成形不同,也一直在研究領(lǐng)域被歸為一種特殊的沖壓成形工藝。覆蓋件的成形質(zhì)量受其拉深成形過(guò)程中的變壓邊力控制技術(shù)的影響非常大,世界各國(guó)的學(xué)者和工程師都在不斷的努力,使得覆蓋件拉深成形變壓邊力技術(shù)研究的深度和廣度都取得了很大進(jìn)展,然而直至今天,變壓邊力控制技術(shù)仍未能在工業(yè)界得到廣泛應(yīng)用。本文以汽車車門零件為研究對(duì)象,以鋁合金板材為主要材料,通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬及實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,系統(tǒng)研究了鋁合金車門的沖壓成形特點(diǎn)及其影響因素。在對(duì)汽車覆蓋件用鋁合金板的沖壓成形性能檢驗(yàn)時(shí),主要是通過(guò)鋁合金半球形件沖壓成形數(shù)值模擬與實(shí)驗(yàn)。在汽車車門數(shù)值模擬方面,通過(guò)車門實(shí)物掃描,得到了車門的掃描數(shù)學(xué)模型,經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)處理得到簡(jiǎn)化后的數(shù)學(xué)模型。通過(guò)確定沖壓方向、工藝補(bǔ)充設(shè)計(jì)最終得到了數(shù)值模擬用有限元模型,通過(guò)設(shè)定不同壓邊力數(shù)值我們得到了沒(méi)有拉延筋時(shí)的仿真分析結(jié)果,研究壓邊力對(duì)成形結(jié)果的影響。之后,通過(guò)建立不同拉延筋的數(shù)學(xué)模型再進(jìn)行車門的仿真模擬,研究拉延筋對(duì)沖壓成形的影響,最后研究了工藝切口或工藝孔對(duì)鋁合金板材沖壓成形的影響。本章研究為壓邊力、拉延筋及工藝切口或工藝孔等對(duì)鋁合金覆蓋件板材沖壓成形影響分析提供了參考。車門模具的設(shè)計(jì)是由仿真成形結(jié)果決定的,然后判斷沖壓成形結(jié)果跟仿真的匹配程度,做進(jìn)一步的研究。在汽車車門實(shí)驗(yàn)方面,采用120t油壓機(jī)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),在實(shí)驗(yàn)中安裝了壓力傳感器及位移傳感器,用于測(cè)定沖壓過(guò)程中壓邊力與位移的關(guān)系變化。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)分析,驗(yàn)證了前面數(shù)值模擬分析的結(jié)果,驗(yàn)證了壓邊力、拉延筋及工藝切口對(duì)沖壓成形結(jié)果的影響,為進(jìn)一步研究鋁合金覆蓋件沖壓成形提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Because the automobile panel has its own characteristics, the panel stamping forming is different from the general stamping forming, and has always been classified as a special stamping forming process in the field of research. The forming quality of the panels is greatly affected by the variable blank holding force control technology in the process of deep drawing, and scholars and engineers all over the world are making continuous efforts. Great progress has been made in the depth and breadth of the research on the blank-holder force of the deep drawing deformation of the panel. However, up to now, the control technology of the variable blank holding force has not been widely used in industry. Taking automobile door parts as the research object and aluminum alloy sheet as the main material, this paper systematically studied the forming characteristics and influencing factors of aluminum doors by numerical simulation and experimental analysis. In the process of testing the stamping formability of aluminum alloy sheet used for automobile panels, the numerical simulation and experiment of stamping forming of aluminum alloy hemispherical parts are carried out. In the aspect of numerical simulation of automobile door, the scanning mathematical model of the door is obtained through the physical scanning of the door, and the simplified mathematical model is obtained by data processing. The finite element model for numerical simulation is obtained by determining the direction of stamping and the finite element model is obtained. By setting different blank holder forces, we obtain the results of simulation analysis without drawing bars, and study the influence of blank holder force on the forming results. After that, the influence of drawing bars on stamping forming is studied by establishing different mathematical models of drawing bars and then simulating the door. Finally, the effects of process cuts or process holes on the stamping forming of aluminum alloy sheet are studied. This chapter provides a reference for the analysis of the influence of blank holder force, drawing bars, process cuts or process holes on the sheet metal forming of aluminum alloy panels. The design of the door die is decided by the simulation result, then the matching degree between the stamping forming result and the simulation is judged, and further research is done. In the car door experiment, 120 t hydraulic press was used to carry out the experiment. The pressure sensor and displacement sensor were installed in the experiment, which was used to measure the change of the relation between the blank holder force and the displacement during the stamping process. Through experimental analysis, the results of numerical simulation are verified, and the influence of blank holder force, drawing bar and cutting on stamping results is verified, which provides an experimental basis for further research on stamping forming of aluminum alloy panel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U466;TG389

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