基于金屬負(fù)載型碳納米管的適體電化學(xué)傳感器的制備及應(yīng)用
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-25 08:43
【摘要】：自碳納米管(CNTs)被發(fā)現(xiàn)以來,因卓越的性能(如力學(xué)性能,電化學(xué)性質(zhì)等),碳納米管成為了科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的一大熱點(diǎn)。相比于傳統(tǒng)普通材料,碳納米管電化學(xué)活性更高,比表面積更大。金屬納米粒子由于其顆粒體積小,電催化效率高等特點(diǎn)而得到廣泛的應(yīng)用,而負(fù)載金屬納米粒子的碳納米管融合了兩者的優(yōu)勢,在催化材料、電化學(xué)傳感器等領(lǐng)域具有巨大的應(yīng)用價值。本文將負(fù)載金屬的碳納米管修飾到玻碳電極表面,然后將凝血酶適體組裝到修飾電極表面制備成適體傳感器,并成功應(yīng)用于凝血酶的分析檢測中。所制得的傳感器具有選擇性好,穩(wěn)定性高,線性范圍寬等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本論文研究內(nèi)容包括以下四個部分。第一章介紹了碳納米管的概述、性質(zhì)、制備以及金屬負(fù)載型碳納米管的制備和應(yīng)用；核酸適體的簡介、優(yōu)勢及其與凝血酶作用原理；核酸適體傳感器的簡介、分類、適體的固定方法；基于金屬負(fù)載型碳納米管的適體傳感器的制備及其應(yīng)用。第二章采用鈀鎳金屬負(fù)載型羧基化碳納米管(PdNi@CNTs)與季胺化碳納米管(Q-CNTs)結(jié)合,先后修飾到玻碳電極表面,將構(gòu)建的電化學(xué)傳感器應(yīng)用于H_2O_2的檢測。通過循環(huán)伏安、交流阻抗、掃描電鏡等方法對傳感器進(jìn)行了表征。該傳感器具有較高的電催化活性,且穩(wěn)定性和重現(xiàn)性較好。第三章以亞甲基藍(lán)為電化學(xué)指示劑,結(jié)合Q-CNTs與PdNi@CNTs構(gòu)建凝血酶適體傳感器。將適體互補(bǔ)鏈(捕獲探針)通過靜電作用固定到修飾電極表面,讓凝血酶適體與其雜交結(jié)合,制成凝血酶適體傳感器。通過循環(huán)伏安、交流阻抗、掃描電鏡等方法對傳感器進(jìn)行了表征。該適體傳感器制備方法簡單,操作簡便,具有較寬的線性范圍和較低的檢出限,且選擇性高。第四章制備了鈀金屬納米粒子負(fù)載型碳納米管(Pd@CNTs),構(gòu)建了Pd@CNTs/Q-CNTs/GCE修飾電極。將巰基修飾的適體單鏈固定到電極表面,通過堿基互補(bǔ)配對形成DNA雙鏈結(jié)構(gòu),以亞甲基藍(lán)為電化學(xué)指示劑與DNA作用,制成凝血酶適體傳感器。通過循環(huán)伏安、紫外分光光度法、差分脈沖伏安法等方法對傳感器進(jìn)行了表征。該凝血酶適體傳感器能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對凝血酶的高靈敏檢測,具有很好的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become a hot topic in the field of science because of their excellent properties (such as mechanical properties, electrochemical properties, etc.). Compared with conventional materials, carbon nanotubes have higher electrochemical activity and larger specific surface area. Metal nanoparticles have been widely used because of their small size and high electrocatalytic efficiency, while carbon nanotubes loaded with metal nanoparticles have combined the advantages of both in the catalytic materials. Electrochemical sensors and other fields have great application value. In this paper, carbon nanotubes loaded with metal were modified to the surface of glassy carbon electrode, then thrombin aptamer was assembled on the surface of modified electrode to prepare aptamer sensor, and it was successfully applied in the analysis and detection of thrombin. The sensor has the advantages of good selectivity, high stability and wide linear range. This thesis includes the following four parts. The first chapter introduces the overview of carbon nanotubes, properties, preparation, preparation and application of metal-loaded carbon nanotubes, the introduction of nucleic acid aptamers, their advantages and the principle of their interaction with thrombin, the introduction and classification of nucleic acid aptamers, Fixing method of aptamer, fabrication and application of aptamer sensor based on metal-supported carbon nanotubes. In chapter 2, palladium and nickel supported carboxylated carbon nanotubes (PdNi@CNTs) and quaternary amine carbon nanotubes (Q-CNTs) were used to modify the glassy carbon electrode. The electrochemical sensors were applied to the detection of H_2O_2. The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance and scanning electron microscope. The sensor has high electrocatalytic activity and good stability and reproducibility. In chapter 3, using methylene blue as electrochemical indicator, thrombin aptamer sensor was constructed with Q-CNTs and PdNi@CNTs. The aptamer complementary chain (trap probe) was immobilized on the surface of the modified electrode by electrostatic action, and the thrombin aptamer was combined with it to form a thrombin aptamer sensor. The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance and scanning electron microscope. The aptamer sensor has the advantages of simple preparation, simple operation, wide linear range, low detection limit and high selectivity. In chapter 4, palladium metal nanoparticles supported carbon nanotubes (Pd@CNTs) were prepared and Pd@CNTs/Q-CNTs/GCE modified electrodes were constructed. The thiol modified aptamer was immobilized on the electrode surface and the DNA double strand structure was formed by base complementary pairing. The thrombin aptamer sensor was made by using methylene blue as the electrochemical indicator and DNA as the electrochemical indicator. The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV spectrophotometry and differential pulse voltammetry. The thrombin aptamer sensor can be used to detect thrombin with high sensitivity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O657.1
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become a hot topic in the field of science because of their excellent properties (such as mechanical properties, electrochemical properties, etc.). Compared with conventional materials, carbon nanotubes have higher electrochemical activity and larger specific surface area. Metal nanoparticles have been widely used because of their small size and high electrocatalytic efficiency, while carbon nanotubes loaded with metal nanoparticles have combined the advantages of both in the catalytic materials. Electrochemical sensors and other fields have great application value. In this paper, carbon nanotubes loaded with metal were modified to the surface of glassy carbon electrode, then thrombin aptamer was assembled on the surface of modified electrode to prepare aptamer sensor, and it was successfully applied in the analysis and detection of thrombin. The sensor has the advantages of good selectivity, high stability and wide linear range. This thesis includes the following four parts. The first chapter introduces the overview of carbon nanotubes, properties, preparation, preparation and application of metal-loaded carbon nanotubes, the introduction of nucleic acid aptamers, their advantages and the principle of their interaction with thrombin, the introduction and classification of nucleic acid aptamers, Fixing method of aptamer, fabrication and application of aptamer sensor based on metal-supported carbon nanotubes. In chapter 2, palladium and nickel supported carboxylated carbon nanotubes (PdNi@CNTs) and quaternary amine carbon nanotubes (Q-CNTs) were used to modify the glassy carbon electrode. The electrochemical sensors were applied to the detection of H_2O_2. The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance and scanning electron microscope. The sensor has high electrocatalytic activity and good stability and reproducibility. In chapter 3, using methylene blue as electrochemical indicator, thrombin aptamer sensor was constructed with Q-CNTs and PdNi@CNTs. The aptamer complementary chain (trap probe) was immobilized on the surface of the modified electrode by electrostatic action, and the thrombin aptamer was combined with it to form a thrombin aptamer sensor. The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance and scanning electron microscope. The aptamer sensor has the advantages of simple preparation, simple operation, wide linear range, low detection limit and high selectivity. In chapter 4, palladium metal nanoparticles supported carbon nanotubes (Pd@CNTs) were prepared and Pd@CNTs/Q-CNTs/GCE modified electrodes were constructed. The thiol modified aptamer was immobilized on the electrode surface and the DNA double strand structure was formed by base complementary pairing. The thrombin aptamer sensor was made by using methylene blue as the electrochemical indicator and DNA as the electrochemical indicator. The sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV spectrophotometry and differential pulse voltammetry. The thrombin aptamer sensor can be used to detect thrombin with high sensitivity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O657.1
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