【摘要】：石墨相氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)因其廣泛的來源組成,優(yōu)異的電化學(xué)性能及合適的禁帶寬度使其具有在電池、光催化、光降解、環(huán)保等方面的巨大潛在應(yīng)用而受到越來越多的關(guān)注。g-C_3N_4含有大量的氨基和嗪環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)以及在酸性條件下表面攜帶正電荷,因此可以用作重金屬及有機(jī)污染物的吸附劑來處理工業(yè)污染物。g-C_3N_4的層狀結(jié)構(gòu)與TATB層狀結(jié)構(gòu)相似,可對(duì)TATB晶體生長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生影響。本文以g-C_3N_4材料為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其制備方法及在工業(yè)污染物、TATB晶體生長(zhǎng)方面的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了探索。論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)以三聚氰胺、氯化鋰為原料,通過兩步熱聚合法制備了多孔石墨相氮化碳。借助XRD、FTIR、XPS、SEM、TEM、BET對(duì)樣品的成分、形貌、內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)、比表面積和孔體積進(jìn)行表征,獲得了比表面積為86.7m2/g、平均孔徑為7nm、形貌為棒狀的多孔石墨相氮化碳(P-g-C_3N_4)。與簡(jiǎn)單熱聚合法制備的塊狀結(jié)構(gòu)氮化碳相比,多孔氮化碳比表面積得到了很大的提升。(2)以實(shí)驗(yàn)所制備的塊體g-C_3N_4和P-g-C_3N_4為吸附劑對(duì)Pb(Ⅱ)和亞甲基藍(lán)(MB)進(jìn)行吸附性能研究。利用電感耦合等離子體發(fā)射光譜儀(ICP)和紫外-可見分光光度計(jì)(UV-Vis)對(duì)吸附量進(jìn)行測(cè)試。研究了多孔g-C_3N_4對(duì)Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)、吸附等溫線并對(duì)吸附等溫線進(jìn)行Langmuir和Freundlich模型擬合;研究了p H對(duì)平衡吸附量的影響,探索了其循環(huán)利用性能。同時(shí),研究多孔g-C_3N_4和塊體g-C_3N_4對(duì)亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)性能。得到了P-g-C_3N_4對(duì)Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,以及P-g-C_3N_4、塊體g-C_3N_4對(duì)亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)參數(shù)。(3)以濃H2SO4為溶劑,用溶劑/非溶劑法制得了螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)的TATB晶體,利用XRD、SEM、Raman對(duì)晶體的物相、形貌和表面成分進(jìn)行表征。研究了過飽和度和結(jié)晶時(shí)間對(duì)TATB螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)的形成及TATB結(jié)晶形貌的影響,探索了螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理。實(shí)驗(yàn)中得到的TATB晶體按照螺旋位錯(cuò)驅(qū)動(dòng)生長(zhǎng)模式生長(zhǎng),而螺旋位錯(cuò)的形成是由于g-C_3N_4和TATB晶格匹配度低而引起的缺陷形成的。
[Abstract]:Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C_3N_4), due to its wide range of sources, excellent electrochemical performance and suitable bandgap, has been used in battery, photocatalytic and photodegradation. Great potential applications in environmental protection have attracted more and more attention. G-C _ s _ 3N _ 4 contains a large number of amino and pyrazine ring structures and carries positive charges on the surface under acidic conditions. Therefore, it can be used as an adsorbent for heavy metals and organic pollutants to treat industrial pollutant. G-C _ 3N _ 4 has a layered structure similar to that of TATB, which has an effect on the growth of TATB crystal. In this paper, the preparation method of g-C_3N_4 and its application in the growth of industrial pollutants were studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) porous graphite phase carbon nitride was prepared by two-step thermal polymerization with melamine and lithium chloride as raw materials. The composition, morphology, internal structure, specific surface area and pore volume of the samples were characterized by XRDX FTIR FTIR, and the porous graphite phase carbon nitride (P-g-C_3N_4) was obtained with a specific surface area of 86.7 m2 / g, an average pore size of 7 nm and a rod-shaped graphite phase carbon nitride (P-g-C_3N_4). Compared with the bulk carbon nitride prepared by simple thermal polymerization, the specific surface area of porous carbon nitride was greatly improved. (2) the adsorption properties of Pb (鈪，

本文編號(hào)：2157813