【摘要】：菊芋,是一種適宜在輕鹽堿地上種植且極具開發(fā)潛力的生態(tài)經(jīng)濟型農(nóng)作物,不僅能夠改良鹽堿地,提高鹽堿地的利用率,其塊莖還可制備菊糖。菊糖作為一種功能性食品配料在西方已得到廣泛應(yīng)用,具有促進腸道蠕動、維持脂類代謝平衡、控制血糖、促進礦物質(zhì)吸收、抗氧化等生理功能,具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。根據(jù)菊糖的生理功能,為了解決目前服用阿膠產(chǎn)品后,出現(xiàn)的腸胃不適、便秘,消化系統(tǒng)負(fù)擔(dān)過重,藥效不能得到充分發(fā)揮等問題,研究菊糖在阿膠產(chǎn)品中的應(yīng)用技術(shù)。將制備的菊糖與阿膠相結(jié)合,實現(xiàn)兩者生理功能相互協(xié)調(diào)補充,增加阿膠產(chǎn)品的功能性及經(jīng)濟價值。本論文采用壓榨(濾)法制備菊糖,研究菊糖制備新技術(shù),對制備過程中的菊芋提取液的脫鹽脫色工藝進行優(yōu)化,并且研究菊糖在阿膠中的應(yīng)用。具體研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下:1、將菊芋經(jīng)過清洗、打漿、浸泡、壓榨(濾)提取、濾液除雜、脫鹽脫色、濃縮、噴霧干燥最終獲得顏色純正的天然菊糖;研究提取溫度、提取時間、液料比對制備過程的影響,在單因素實驗基礎(chǔ)上,確定三因素三水平的響應(yīng)面分析方法,以提取溫度、提取時間、液料比為自變量,菊糖得率為因變量,進行二次回歸分析,建立多元二次響應(yīng)面回歸模型。最終得出菊糖提取最佳條件為:溫度74.09°C,提取時間65.35 min,液料比為4 mL/g。2、對離子交換樹脂進行初步篩選,從10種不同類型離子交換樹脂中選出效果最好的4種,將篩選所得樹脂按強堿性陰離子交換樹脂、強酸性陽離子交換樹脂、弱堿性陰離子交換樹脂的順序進行串聯(lián)式組合,進行脫鹽試驗,測定電導(dǎo)率、鹽度、透光率等實驗指標(biāo),最終確定最佳樹脂組合:D202強堿性陰離子交換樹脂、HD-8強酸性陽離子交換樹脂及D315弱堿性陰離子交換樹脂。經(jīng)樹脂處理之后,脫色率達到99.76%,離子脫除率達到93.68%。離子交換柱處理量為4倍柱體積。3、研究菊糖在阿膠產(chǎn)品中的應(yīng)用。以菊糖與阿膠為主要功能成份,制備阿膠-菊糖咀嚼片及飲料,通過感官評價確定阿膠、菊糖配比,通過單因素和正交實驗研究產(chǎn)品的制備方法,通過動物實驗評價菊糖-阿膠產(chǎn)品功能。實驗得出:菊糖在阿膠產(chǎn)品中應(yīng)用,能夠有效促進腸道蠕動、降低血糖。
[Abstract]:Jerusalem artichoke is a kind of ecological and economical crop suitable for planting on light saline-alkali land with great potential for development. It can not only improve saline-alkali land and increase the utilization ratio of saline-alkali land but also produce inulin from its tuber. As a functional food ingredient, chrysanthemum has been widely used in the West. It has many physiological functions, such as promoting intestinal peristalsis, maintaining the balance of lipid metabolism, controlling blood sugar, promoting mineral absorption and antioxidant. According to the physiological function of inulin, in order to solve the problems such as gastrointestinal discomfort, constipation, excessive burden of digestive system, and insufficient exertion of drug effect, etc., the application technology of inulin in the product of gelatin was studied in order to solve the problems of gastroenteric discomfort, constipation, excessive burden of digestive system, and drug effect. By combining the prepared fructose with the gelatin, the physiological functions of the two products can be coordinated and supplemented, and the function and economic value of the gelatin products can be increased. In this paper, a new technique for preparing inulin was studied by pressing (filtering) method. The desalination and decolorization of Jerusalem artichoke extract was optimized, and the application of chrysanthemum in gelatin was studied. The specific research contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. After cleaning, beating, soaking, pressing (filtering) extraction, filtering, desalting and decolorizing, concentration, spray drying, the pure color of natural chrysanthemum is obtained. On the basis of single factor experiment, the response surface analysis method of three factors and three levels was determined. The extraction temperature, extraction time, ratio of liquid to material were independent variables, the rate of inulin yield was dependent variable, and the quadratic regression analysis was carried out. A multivariate quadratic response surface regression model was established. Finally, the optimum extraction conditions of inulin were obtained as follows: temperature 74.09 擄C, extraction time 65.35 min, ratio of liquid to material 4 mL / g 路2. The best ion exchange resin was selected from 10 different types of ion exchange resins. The selected resins were combined in series according to the order of strong basic anion exchange resin, strong acid cation exchange resin and weak basic anion exchange resin. The desalination test was carried out, and the electrical conductivity, salinity, light transmittance and other experimental indexes were measured. Finally, the best resin combination, HD-8 strong acid cation exchange resin and D315 weakly basic anion exchange resin, was determined. After resin treatment, the decolorization rate reached 99.76%, and the ion removal rate reached 93.68%. The amount of ion exchange column was 4 times. 3. The application of inulin in gelatin was studied. In this paper, the eosin and eosin chewable tablets and drinks were prepared by using inulin and gelatin as the main functional components. The proportion of eosin and chrysanthemum was determined by sensory evaluation. The preparation method of the product was studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The function of chrysanthemum-gelatin was evaluated by animal experiments. The results showed that the application of inulin in gelatin could effectively promote intestinal peristalsis and decrease blood sugar.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院煙臺海岸帶研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS202.1;TS218

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