發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-04 09:21

  本文選題：液控單向閥 + 功率鍵合圖　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著綜采工作面向大采高方向發(fā)展,液壓支架的支護(hù)高度也越來越高,對(duì)其動(dòng)態(tài)性能的要求也越來越高,液控單向閥對(duì)支架性能的影響起著至關(guān)重要的作用。立柱在卸載過程中液控單向閥經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)沖擊和振動(dòng),造成液壓元件損壞甚至引發(fā)安全事故。目前常用的大流量液控單向閥公稱流量為480L/min,而隨著7m大采高支架的出現(xiàn),其有限的通流能力將對(duì)支架的動(dòng)態(tài)性能造成影響,因而在大采高支架上使用大流量的液控單向閥十分必要,本文對(duì)一款公稱流量為1000L/min的液控單向閥進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)特性和流場(chǎng)分析。論文首先從功率流的角度分別建立液控單向閥反向打開時(shí)小閥芯和大小閥芯同步打開時(shí)的功率鍵合圖模型,根據(jù)模型推導(dǎo)出對(duì)應(yīng)的狀態(tài)空間方程,并使用Matlab進(jìn)行仿真計(jì)算,得出液控單向閥的動(dòng)態(tài)特性曲線并分析。發(fā)現(xiàn)小閥芯在開啟過程中產(chǎn)生約0.3s的振動(dòng)現(xiàn)象,在此過程中系統(tǒng)伴隨有壓力沖擊和振動(dòng);大閥芯打開時(shí)產(chǎn)生輕微的振動(dòng),此時(shí)小閥芯流量相對(duì)于大閥芯流量很小,說明液控單向閥的工作原理為小流量卸壓大流量泄流。根據(jù)國(guó)標(biāo)關(guān)于液控單向閥沖擊試驗(yàn)的要求,在仿真軟件AMESIM上搭建試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)的仿真模型并仿真,對(duì)液控單向閥反向開啟動(dòng)態(tài)特性進(jìn)行分析。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn)立柱降柱初期產(chǎn)生約55MPa的壓力沖擊,液控單向閥在打開過程中發(fā)生振動(dòng),且振動(dòng)分兩個(gè)階段,小閥芯打開時(shí)發(fā)生強(qiáng)烈的振動(dòng),大、小閥芯同步打開時(shí)閥芯發(fā)生二次振動(dòng);液控單向閥在穩(wěn)定開啟后的流量約為1200L/min。通過受力分析發(fā)現(xiàn)造成液控單向閥振動(dòng)的主要原因?yàn)槿榛毫鬟^閥芯后作用在控制桿有桿腔導(dǎo)致控制桿波動(dòng),而大、小閥芯二次振動(dòng)除受到液壓力的影響外還受到穩(wěn)態(tài)液動(dòng)力影響。使用流場(chǎng)仿真軟件ANSYS/FLUENT對(duì)液控單向閥的二維、三維流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行分析,得到流場(chǎng)的速度分布云圖、靜壓力分布云圖、速度矢量圖。通過分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)液控單向閥反向進(jìn)油口單一入口造成閥套、閥芯徑向壓力分布不均,導(dǎo)致閥套、閥芯容易卡死;閥套上阻尼孔結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)不合理,使得液控單向閥在反向開啟初期乳化液主要作用在閥套與閥體組成的容腔而延長(zhǎng)了小閥芯的開啟時(shí)間,降低了液控單向閥的靈敏度。本論文通過對(duì)液控單向閥的動(dòng)態(tài)特性和流場(chǎng)分析,得出其工作中可能存在的問題并提出優(yōu)化方案,為今后大流量液控單向閥的設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of fully mechanized mining, the support height of the hydraulic support is more and more high, and the demand for its dynamic performance is more and more high. The hydraulic control one-way valve plays an important role in the performance of the support. The hydraulic control unidirectional valve often appears shock and vibration during the unloading process, causing the damage of the hydraulic components or even the hydraulic components. At present, the common flow of large flow hydraulic control one-way valve is 480L/min, and with the appearance of 7m large stope, its limited flow capacity will affect the dynamic performance of the support. Therefore, it is necessary to use the large flow hydraulic control one-way valve on the large stope, and a nominal flow of 1000L/min is used in this paper. The dynamic characteristics and flow field analysis of the liquid controlled one-way valve are carried out. Firstly, the power bond graph model of the small valve core and the small valve core is set up simultaneously from the angle of the power flow control, and the corresponding state space equation is derived according to the model. The simulation calculation is carried out with Matlab to get the movement of the hydraulic control one-way valve. It is found that the small valve core has about 0.3s vibration during the opening process. In this process, the system is accompanied by pressure shock and vibration. When the large valve core opens, it produces slight vibration. At this time, the flow of the small valve core is relatively small compared with the large valve core flow, which indicates that the principle of the liquid controlled single valve is a small discharge pressure discharge discharge. Flow. According to the requirements of the national standard on the impact test of the liquid controlled one-way valve, the simulation model of the test system is built on the simulation software AMESIM and the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic control one-way valve reverse opening are analyzed. Through the analysis, it is found that the pressure impact of about 55MPa at the beginning of the column descending column is found, and the vibration of the hydraulic control one-way valve is vibrated during the opening process and the vibration is vibrated. When the small valve core opens in two stages, a strong vibration occurs when the small valve is open, and the valve core has two vibrations when the small valve core is opened synchronously. The flow rate of the liquid controlled one-way valve is about 1200L/min. through the force analysis. The main reason for the vibration of the hydraulic control one-way valve is that the emulsion flows through the valve core and causes the control of the rod with the rod cavity. The rod fluctuates, and the two vibration of the small valve core is affected by the liquid pressure. The flow field simulation software ANSYS/FLUENT is used to analyze the two-dimensional and three-dimensional flow field of the liquid controlled one-way valve. The velocity distribution cloud, the static pressure distribution cloud and the velocity vector are obtained. Through analysis, the liquid controlled one-way valve is found. The single inlet of the reverse inlet causes the valve sleeve and the radial pressure distribution of the valve core is unevenly distributed, which causes the valve sleeve and the valve core to die easily. The damping hole structure on the valve sleeve is unreasonable, which makes the liquid controlled one-way valve in the initial stage of reverse opening mainly in the cavity of the valve sleeve and valve body and prolongs the opening time of the small valve core and reduces the single direction of the liquid control. In this paper, through the analysis of the dynamic characteristics and flow field of the liquid controlled one-way valve, the possible problems in the work are obtained and the optimization scheme is put forward to provide the basis for the design and optimization of the large flow and liquid controlled one-way valve in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TD355.4

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