本文選題：磺化瀝青 + 高溫�。� 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：磺化瀝青以其良好的防塌、潤(rùn)滑、乳化、降低濾失和高溫穩(wěn)定的性能被廣泛應(yīng)用作鉆井液添加劑�；腔癁r青多為棕褐色易碎薄片或流動(dòng)性粉末,結(jié)構(gòu)組成比較復(fù)雜且分子量較大,其主要分為瀝青磺酸鹽、少量的瀝青酚鹽、無機(jī)物、氧化瀝青、飽和烴及多環(huán)芳香族化合物等,具有高色度、可生化性差等特點(diǎn),屬于難降解有機(jī)物。本文以鉆井添加劑磺化瀝青為研究對(duì)象,通過好氧生化實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)磺化瀝青的可生化性進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià),分別探討了高溫高壓下不同反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)壓力對(duì)磺化瀝青可生化性的影響,利用FT-IR與GC-MS分析反應(yīng)前后磺化瀝青的物質(zhì)組成與官能團(tuán)變化對(duì)可生化性的影響,采用響應(yīng)曲面法對(duì)高溫高壓法處理磺化瀝青的實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)(時(shí)間、溫度與壓力)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化�；腔癁r青好氧生化評(píng)價(jià)其可生化性實(shí)驗(yàn)中,最佳培養(yǎng)條件為:MLSS為5000 mg·L-1,恒溫28℃培養(yǎng)48h后,磺化瀝青的好氧生化COD去除率、CODB/COD與生物降解速率達(dá)到最大,為52.61%、0.55和0.0546 h-1。調(diào)整高溫高壓反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)溫度與反應(yīng)壓力考察其對(duì)磺化瀝青的處理效果。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,高溫高壓處理后磺化瀝青的可生化性顯著提高,最佳處理?xiàng)l件為:反應(yīng)時(shí)間40 min、反應(yīng)溫度220℃與反應(yīng)壓力11 MPa時(shí)達(dá)到最大,COD去除率為82.25%,CODB/COD為0.86,生物可降解速率0.1200 h-1。好氧生化降解規(guī)律基本一致,遵循一級(jí)反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,模型對(duì)實(shí)際數(shù)值的擬合性較好,其擬合相關(guān)系數(shù)很高且達(dá)到極顯著水平(R20.8409),處理后磺化瀝青的生物降解速率增大均大于未經(jīng)處理的樣品生物降解速率常數(shù)0.0546 h-1。對(duì)高溫高壓處理前后的樣品進(jìn)行FT-LR與GC-MS分析,結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)高溫高壓處理后,大分子物質(zhì)發(fā)生裂解形成新的分子,促進(jìn)磺化瀝青的可生化性提高。本研究基于Central Composite的響應(yīng)面和多元二次回歸模型進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。由各響應(yīng)面3D圖及相應(yīng)的等高線圖可知,溫度與壓力的交互作用對(duì)COD去除率響應(yīng)值影響較為顯著,而對(duì)CODB/COD與生物降解速率的響應(yīng)值影響較小。分析結(jié)果表明,預(yù)處理提高磺化瀝青可生化性的最優(yōu)條件是:反應(yīng)時(shí)間為40.91 min,反應(yīng)溫度為220℃,反應(yīng)壓力為11 MPa,通過多元二次回歸方程計(jì)算得出的CODB/COD為0.8469,而驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果為0.8234,與響應(yīng)曲面分析預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果的符合較好。
[Abstract]:Sulfonated bitumen is widely used as drilling fluid additive for its good properties of anti-sloughing, lubricating, emulsifying, reducing filtration and high temperature stability. The sulfonated bitumen is mainly composed of brownish fragile sheet or fluidity powder, and its structure is complex and has a large molecular weight. It is mainly divided into bituminous sulfonates, a small amount of bitumen phenols, inorganic substances, oxidized asphalt, saturated hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic compounds. With high chroma, poor biodegradability and other characteristics, it is difficult to degrade organic matter. In this paper, the biodegradability of sulfonated asphalt was evaluated by aerobic biochemical experiment, and the reaction temperature and reaction time at high temperature and high pressure were discussed. The effect of reaction pressure on the biodegradability of sulfonated asphalt was analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS. The experimental parameters (time, temperature and pressure) of treating sulfonated asphalt by high temperature and high pressure method were optimized by response surface method. In the experiment of aerobic biochemistry evaluation of sulfonated asphalt, the optimum culture conditions were as follows: 1. MLSs was 5000 mg / L and incubated at 28 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1972103