本文選題：纖維素 + 超支化結(jié)構(gòu)　； 參考：《浙江理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：工農(nóng)業(yè)廢水的控制與治理是當(dāng)前社會綠色可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要課題。在傳統(tǒng)的污水處理技術(shù)中,絮凝和吸附技術(shù)是分別針對不可溶性污染物和可溶污染物脫濁脫色最直接有效的處理方法。然而水體污染物質(zhì)種類繁多,單一地使用某種絮凝劑或者吸附劑并不能把所有的污染物去除達到脫濁脫色的效果,往往需要將絮凝劑和吸附劑聯(lián)合使用,才能夠達到排放或使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因此,研究和開發(fā)具有絮凝沉淀和吸附脫色雙功能的新型材料,實現(xiàn)其對廢水中不可溶性、可溶性污染物的同時高效去除具有重要的科學(xué)意義和應(yīng)用價值。針對傳統(tǒng)吸附或絮凝材料功能單一、去除效率不佳等問題,本論文以纖維素(CE)和支化聚乙烯亞胺(hPEI)為主要原料,通過分子設(shè)計和可控合成,制備具有超支化結(jié)構(gòu)的纖維素基吸附絮凝雙功能材料(hPEI-CE)。論文考察了接枝工藝技術(shù)對所制備hPEI-CE雙功能材料化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)及表面電荷特性等的影響;研究了hPEI-CE雙功能材料對可溶性有機染料、不可溶高嶺土懸浮液的吸附能力和絮凝效果;在此基礎(chǔ)上,進一步探索了其對工業(yè)機械加工廢水和絲綢印染廢水的脫濁脫色效果。論文研究結(jié)果如下:(1)超支化聚乙烯亞胺-纖維素基雙功能材料的制備:非均相條件下,采用高碘酸鈉將纖維素氧化為二醛纖維素(DAC),然后利用席夫堿反應(yīng)將hPEI接枝到DAC上,制備具有超支化結(jié)構(gòu)的纖維素基吸附絮凝雙功能材料(hPEI-CE)。在合成過程中,通過對高碘酸鈉氧化工藝和hPEI接枝工藝的控制,獲得了可溶解(s-hPEI-CE)和不可溶解(d-hPEI-CE)的兩種hPEI-CE雙功能材料;優(yōu)化工藝條件下,s-hPEI-CE氨基含量為4.02mmol/g,d-hPEI-CE氨基含量為3.85 mmol/g;pH5-12時,s-hPEI-CE和d-hPEI-CE表面Zeta分別分布在-17~44和-35~30.5eV范圍,具有可調(diào)控的表面電荷特性。(2)超支化聚乙烯亞胺-纖維素基雙功能材料的吸附性能研究:以陰離子染料剛果紅(CR)和陽離子染料堿性黃28(BY28)為模型,考察吸附時間、溫度、吸附劑用量、染料初始濃度等因素對d-hPEI-CE吸附行為的影響。研究表明,d-hPEI-CE對兩種染料均具有優(yōu)異的吸附性能,其對CR和BY28的最大吸附量分別高達2100 mg/g和1860 mg/g,二者的去除率分別達到99%和96.6%;d-hPEI-CE對CR和BY28的吸附行為符合偽二級動力學(xué)模型和Langmuir吸附等溫線;在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了d-hPEI-CE對剛果紅(CR)、堿性黃28(BY28)、亮藍133(BB 133)、陽離子嫩黃7GL(7GL)、曙紅Y(EY)和活性紅(RR)等6種染料的吸附效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)d-hPEI-CE對不同結(jié)構(gòu)特性的有機染料具有不同的吸附能力,呈現(xiàn)出良好的選擇性吸附和智能分離能力。(3)超支化聚乙烯亞胺-纖維素基雙功能材料的絮凝性能研究:以高嶺土懸浮液為模擬水樣,考查絮凝時間、絮凝劑濃度、絮凝劑用量等對三種不同氨基含量s-hPEI-CE的絮凝性能的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),添加3 m L濃度為80 mg/L的s-hPEI-CE時,整個體系的Zeta電位值接近為零,絮凝效果最優(yōu),此時高嶺土溶液(100 mL)的濁度從490 NTU降低至3.6 NTU;實際工業(yè)廢水處理發(fā)現(xiàn),s-hPEI-CE對機械加工廢水和絲綢印染廢水均具有較好的脫濁脫色效果,前者的COD和濁度分別由45 mg/L和4 NTU降至13 mg/L和3.2 NTU,后者的COD和濁度則由118 mg/L和15 NTU降到了37 mg/L和4.6 NTU。因此,本論文所制備的超支化纖維素基吸附絮凝雙功能材料具有十分優(yōu)異的絮凝脫色能力,在工藝廢水處理中展現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的應(yīng)用潛能。
[Abstract]:The control and treatment of industrial and agricultural wastewater is an important subject of green sustainable development in the society. In the traditional sewage treatment technology, flocculation and adsorption are the most direct and effective treatment methods for the decolorization of unsoluble pollutants and soluble pollutants. However, there are a wide variety of pollutants in the water body and a single use of some kind of flocculation. The coagulant or adsorbent can not remove all the pollutants to achieve the effect of decolorization and decolorization. It is often necessary to combine the flocculant and adsorbent so as to achieve the discharge or use standard. Therefore, a new type of material with double functions of flocculation precipitation and adsorption decolorization is studied and developed to realize the insoluble and soluble pollution in the wastewater. In this paper, cellulose (CE) and branched polyethyleneimine (hPEI) are used as the main materials to prepare cellulose based adsorbent with hyperbranched structure by molecular design and controllable synthesis. Flocculation dual functional material (hPEI-CE). The effects of grafting technology on the chemical structure and surface charge characteristics of the prepared hPEI-CE dual functional materials were investigated. The adsorption capacity and flocculation effect of hPEI-CE dual functional materials on soluble organic dyes and insoluble kaolin suspension were studied. On this basis, the two functional materials were further explored. The results of the decolorization and decolorization of industrial machined wastewater and silk printing and dyeing wastewater are as follows: (1) preparation of hyperbranched polyethyleneimine - cellulose based dual functional materials: under heterogeneous conditions, cellulose was oxidized to two aldehyde cellulose (DAC) by sodium periodate, and then the hPEI was grafted onto DAC by the Schiff base reaction. The cellulose based flocculating bifunctional material (hPEI-CE) of the hyperbranched structure (hPEI-CE). In the process of synthesis, two kinds of hPEI-CE dual functional materials are obtained by the control of the oxidation process of sodium periodate and the grafting process of hPEI. The content of the s-hPEI-CE amino group is 4.02mmol/g, d-hPEI- under the optimum process conditions. The content of CE amino group is 3.85 mmol/g; when pH5-12, s-hPEI-CE and d-hPEI-CE surface Zeta are distributed in -17~44 and -35~30.5eV, respectively, and have controllable surface charge characteristics. (2) study on Adsorption Properties of hyperbranched polyethyleneimine cellulose based dual functional materials: anionic dye Congo red (CR) and cationic dye alkaline yellow 28 (BY28) as a model The effect of adsorption time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and initial concentration of dye on the adsorption behavior of d-hPEI-CE was investigated. The study showed that d-hPEI-CE had excellent adsorption properties for two dyes, and the maximum adsorption capacity of CR and BY28 was up to 2100 mg/g and 1860 mg/g respectively, and the removal rates of two were 99% and 96.6%, d-hPEI-CE to CR, respectively. The adsorption behavior of BY28 and BY28 was in accordance with pseudo two order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. On this basis, the adsorption effects of d-hPEI-CE on 6 dyes, such as Congo red (CR), alkaline yellow 28 (BY28), bright blue 133 (BB 133), cationic yellow 7GL (7GL), eosin Y (EY) and active red (RR), were investigated. The flocculation property of the hyperbranched polyethyleneimine cellulose based dual functional materials was studied. (3) the flocculation of three kinds of s-hPEI-CE with different amino content, such as flocculating time, flocculant concentration and flocculant dosage, were studied by using kaolin suspension as the simulated water sample. The results showed that when the concentration of 3 m L was 80 mg/L, the Zeta potential value of the whole system was close to zero and the flocculation effect was the best. At this time the turbidity of the kaolin solution (100 mL) decreased from 490 NTU to 3.6 NTU, and the actual industrial wastewater treatment found that s-hPEI-CE had better removal of the mechanical and silk printing and dyeing wastewater. The COD and turbidity of the former were reduced from 45 mg/L and 4 NTU to 13 mg/L and 3.2 NTU, respectively, while the COD and turbidity of the latter decreased from 118 mg/L and 15 NTU to 37 mg/L and 4.6 NTU.. The hyperbranched cellulose based flocculating dual functional materials have excellent flocculation and decolorization ability and were exhibited in the process wastewater treatment. Excellent application potential.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703;TB34

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