本文選題：雙面織物 + 防輻射性能��； 參考：《武漢紡織大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：通過化學整理方法對織物進行功能開發(fā)由于其不環(huán)保和對健康的危害越來越受到人們的質(zhì)疑,使得通過改變織物的結構來拓展面料功能成為當前研究熱點。本論文首次將機織結構和針織結構相結合新型異面織物的織造技術應用在防輻射面料的織造中,開發(fā)出純物理結構的抗輻射服用性能優(yōu)異的面料。在團隊研發(fā)的半自動針機織復合小樣機上使用傳統(tǒng)的紗線(如由羊毛,丙烯酸纖維混紡的紗線)以及防輻射紗線(主要含棉、滌綸和不銹鋼微絲)來織造機織物、和雙面織物,使用普通針織機織造針織物。再系統(tǒng)測試分析所得面料的厚度、面密度,單位面積克重、透氣性、拉伸斷裂性能、耐磨性、透汽性以及防輻射性能。探討織物結構對防輻射織物效能的影響,比較不同原料雙面防輻射織物防護性能效果,以及兩層面料層合方式對防護效果的影響。此外,還具體介紹了半自動針機織復合小樣機的復合方式以及雙面織物制備的流程。觀察織造的雙面織物發(fā)現(xiàn)其具有獨特的外觀和性能。它的一個面顯示針織線圈結構,另外一個面顯示機織平紋結構。在拉伸試驗中,雙面織物的拉伸斷裂性能略高于針織物和機織物,且兩種雙面織物的拉伸斷裂性能相似,也正是由于雙面織物獨特的組織結構,其表現(xiàn)出獨特的拉伸斷裂現(xiàn)象:當機織結構被破壞后,另一個面的針織結構還未被破壞,隨著拉伸運動的繼續(xù)進行針織結構才遭到破壞。同時雙面織物的面密度、單位面積克重以及厚度有所增加,透氣性能降低。在耐磨性實驗中我們發(fā)現(xiàn)雙面織物具有獨特的耐磨性,同樣是因為針織結構和機織結構的結合且分布于織物的兩面,在摩擦過程中,織物其中一面的結構被破壞后,另外一面的結構才會遭到破壞。在織物的透汽性實驗中我們發(fā)現(xiàn)雙面織物的透汽性相較于針織結構織物和機織結構織物降低了很多。因為隨著織物單位面積克重、面密度以及厚度的增加,織物經(jīng)緯紗間的縫隙減小,水分子通過織物的阻力變大,從而降低了織物的透汽性。兩種雙面織物的透汽性相似。在電磁屏蔽防護實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)雙面織物的防護性能遠高于針織物和機織物,即使是改變雙面織物的針織結構用紗,以羊毛混紡紗代替防輻射紗線,其防護性能仍然高于針織物和機織物。另外,將織物進行層合后,防輻射性能大有提高,且層合方式的不同也會對其效果產(chǎn)生影響,45°異向?qū)雍媳?°同向?qū)雍戏垒椛湫Ч谩＞C上所述,用防輻射紗線織造的雙面織物擁有最好的防護效果,將其針織結構用紗替換成羊毛混紡紗線后防護效果略有下降,但仍高于一般針織物、機織物。同種織物層合后的防護效果增加,且在45°層合時防護效果達到最優(yōu)。兩種雙面織物的面密度、厚度、單位面積克重、耐磨性以及拉伸斷裂性能均有增加,透氣性、以及透汽性性能降低,兩種雙面防輻射織物的這些性能差別不大。
[Abstract]:The function development of fabric by chemical finishing is more and more questioned because of its environmental protection and health hazard, which makes it a hot topic to develop fabric function by changing fabric structure. In this paper, the weaving technology of a new type of dissimilar fabric is first applied to the weaving of radiation resistant fabrics with the combination of woven structure and knitting structure, and a pure physical structure fabric with excellent anti-radiation wear performance is developed. In the semi-automatic needle loom machine developed by the team, traditional yarns (such as yarns blended with wool and acrylic fiber) and radiation-proof yarns (mainly containing cotton, polyester and stainless steel microfilaments) are used for weaving woven fabrics and double-sided fabrics. Weaving knitted fabrics using ordinary knitting machines. The thickness, surface density, gram weight per unit area, air permeability, tensile fracture property, wear resistance, vapor permeability and radiation resistance of the fabric were systematically tested and analyzed. This paper discusses the effect of fabric structure on the efficiency of radiation proof fabric, compares the protective effect of two sides radiation resistant fabric with different raw materials, and the effect of two layers of fabric lamination on the protective effect. In addition, the paper also introduces the blending mode of semi-automatic needle knitting machine and the process of double-sided fabric preparation. Observation of the double-sided fabric shows that it has unique appearance and properties. One surface shows the knitting coil structure and the other shows the woven flat structure. In the tensile test, the tensile fracture properties of double-sided fabrics are slightly higher than those of knitted fabrics and woven fabrics, and the tensile fracture properties of the two kinds of double-sided fabrics are similar, which is also due to the unique structure of double-sided fabrics. It shows a unique tensile fracture phenomenon: when the woven structure is destroyed, the knitted structure on the other side has not been destroyed, but only with the extension of the knitting structure. At the same time, the surface density, gram weight per unit area and thickness of the double-sided fabric are increased and the air permeability is decreased. In the wear resistance experiment, we found that the double-sided fabric has unique wear resistance, also because the knitted structure and the woven structure are combined and distributed on both sides of the fabric. During the friction process, the structure of one side of the fabric is destroyed. The other side of the structure will be destroyed. It is found that the vapor permeability of double-sided fabric is much lower than that of knitted fabric and woven fabric. With the increase of unit area weight, surface density and thickness, the gap between warp and weft yarns decreases, and the resistance of water molecules through the fabric increases, thus reducing the moisture permeability of the fabric. The vapor permeability of both fabrics is similar. In the experiment of electromagnetic shielding protection, it is found that the protective performance of double-sided fabric is much higher than that of knitted fabric and woven fabric, even if the yarn used to change the knitted structure of double-sided fabric is replaced by wool blended yarn instead of radiation-proof yarn, Its protective performance is still higher than that of knitted fabrics and woven fabrics. In addition, when the fabric is laminated, the radiation resistance of the fabric is greatly improved, and the effect of the different lamination modes will also be affected by the 45 擄isotropic lamination, which is better than the 0 擄co-laminated anti-radiation effect. To sum up, the double-sided fabric woven with radiation-proof yarn has the best protective effect. The protective effect of the knitted structure is slightly decreased after replacing the yarn with wool blended yarn, but still higher than that of the ordinary knitted fabric and woven fabric. The protective effect of the same fabric is increased after lamination, and the optimum protective effect is achieved at 45 擄lamination. The surface density, thickness, gram weight per unit area, wear resistance and tensile fracture properties of the two kinds of double-sided fabrics are all increased, but the permeability and vapor permeability of the two kinds of fabrics are decreased, but the difference of these properties between the two kinds of double-sided radiation-proof fabrics is not significant.
【學位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS186

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