本文選題：棉織物 + 活性染料��； 參考：《浙江理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：活性染料常規(guī)水浴染色時需加入大量中性電解質,以促進染料對纖維的上染,導致電解質用量高、染料利用率低、廢水處理難度大的問題。隨著日益增大的環(huán)境和能源壓力,亟待開發(fā)出一種可循環(huán)的清潔染色新技術,以提高染料利用率、降低電解質用量,減少染色廢水排放。非水介質染色已成為新型生態(tài)染色技術研究的重要方向。本文選取價格低廉、性能穩(wěn)定、對人體無毒害的非極性介質液體石蠟作為新型染色介質,開發(fā)了無需中性鹽促染的活性染料/石蠟介質染色體系,研究了相關的染色工藝和染色機理。染色后液體石蠟通過簡單的物理方法處理即可實現回收再利用。以染色織物K/S和勻染性為評價指標,研究帶液量、堿濃度及固色溫度和時間對染色效果的影響,確立活性染料/非極性介質染色體系的最佳染色工藝。采用紅外光譜、SEM、XRD、智能風格儀及織物強力儀對最佳工藝條件下活性染料/液體石蠟染色棉纖維進行表征。采用殘液法對該染色體系的染色熱力學、動力學進行研究,確定染料擴散模型并計算其擴散系數。研究表明:為保證織物勻染性,織物帶液率均為120%,而堿濃度和固色溫度及時間則與染料活性種類相關。具體為:乙烯砜型染料活性黑KN-B:碳酸鈉用量30g/L,固色溫度75℃,固色時間30min;一氯均三嗪型染料活性橙K-7G:碳酸鈉用量50g/L,固色溫度85℃,固色時間40min。與傳統水浴染色相比,活性染料在棉織物上的上染率接近100%,總固著率接近90%,顯著減少染色用水,減少染化料消耗,減輕染色廢水處理負擔,且對染色織物的機械物理性能和化學結構不致影響。在活性染料/非極性介質體系中,受到染浴中油相和水相之間界面張力的推動,染料吸附類型不同于Nernst、Freundlich和Langmuir中的任何一種,棉纖維上染料的平衡上染量隨溫度的升高而增大。該體系中染料在纖維中的擴散符合孔道擴散模型,隨著溫度升高擴散系數增大。
[Abstract]:A large number of neutral electrolytes should be added in the conventional water bath dyeing of reactive dyes in order to promote the dyeing of fibers by dyes, resulting in the problems of high electrolyte consumption, low dye utilization rate and great difficulty in wastewater treatment. With the increasing environmental and energy pressure, it is urgent to develop a new clean dyeing technology, which can improve the utilization of dyes, reduce the amount of electrolyte and reduce the discharge of dyeing wastewater. Non-aqueous medium dyeing has become an important research direction of new ecological dyeing technology. In this paper, the non-polar liquid paraffin, which is cheap, stable and non-toxic to human body, is selected as a new dyeing medium, and the reactive dye / paraffin medium dyeing system without neutral salt is developed. The dyeing process and dyeing mechanism were studied. After dyeing, the liquid paraffin can be recovered and reused by a simple physical method. Based on K / S and evenness of dyed fabrics, the effects of the amount of solution, alkali concentration, fixation temperature and time on the dyeing effect were studied, and the optimum dyeing process of reactive dye / non-polar medium dyeing system was established. The dyeing of cotton fibers with reactive dyes / liquid paraffin under the optimum conditions was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), SEMX XRD, intelligent styling instrument and fabric strength tester. The dyeing thermodynamics and kinetics of the dyeing system were studied by residual solution method. The dye diffusion model was established and its diffusion coefficient was calculated. The results show that in order to ensure the evenness of the fabric, the liquid rate of the fabric is 120 and the alkali concentration, fixation temperature and time are related to the type of dye activity. The results are as follows: KN-B: sodium carbonate 30 g / L, fixing temperature 75 鈩，

本文編號：1909387