本文選題：低壓儲(chǔ)罐 + SolidWorks參數(shù)化建模��； 參考：《新疆大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著儲(chǔ)罐大型化與集中化的發(fā)展,儲(chǔ)罐優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)越來越受到化工類企業(yè)的重視。本文針對(duì)常見大型立式儲(chǔ)罐,以儲(chǔ)罐材料最省為目標(biāo),建立了儲(chǔ)罐殼體外形尺寸的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)函數(shù),利用MATLAB軟件對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解計(jì)算,得到了最佳外形尺寸,計(jì)算了對(duì)應(yīng)的尺寸(V-D-t)算圖。同時(shí)利用優(yōu)化值與國標(biāo)圖集推薦值對(duì)同一公稱體積下儲(chǔ)罐耗材量進(jìn)行比較分析。比較分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)V2000m3時(shí),優(yōu)化值相比較推薦值儲(chǔ)罐材料節(jié)省了7.64%;當(dāng)V2000m3時(shí),儲(chǔ)罐材料節(jié)省了13.82%。利用建立的定體積下儲(chǔ)罐最佳外形尺寸工程算圖,結(jié)合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)SH/T 3167完成了100-10000m3系列儲(chǔ)罐的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。并在三維建模軟件SolidWorks中運(yùn)用宏錄制語言,錄制并編輯完成了儲(chǔ)罐拱頂與罐壁的參數(shù)化建模,完成了對(duì)應(yīng)部件可視化窗口的設(shè)計(jì)。應(yīng)用ANSYS Workbench有限元分析軟件中的靜力學(xué)分析模塊,對(duì)儲(chǔ)罐進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)有限元分析,并在儲(chǔ)罐拱頂、承壓環(huán)及罐壁上設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)提取路徑,提取并分析了設(shè)置路徑位置的受力特征曲線。發(fā)現(xiàn)從拱頂和承壓環(huán)的焊接位置處到距離拱頂中心0.8R處,拱頂快速發(fā)生變形并且變形量在0.8R處達(dá)到最大,而拱頂應(yīng)力變化特征與此相反;承壓環(huán)頂板應(yīng)力值從頂板最前端開始就基本保持不變,直到與支撐板相互焊接的位置時(shí)應(yīng)力才發(fā)生突變達(dá)到最大值;儲(chǔ)罐總體罐壁變形趨勢(shì)與罐壁應(yīng)力分布趨勢(shì)情況基本相同,都是由上到下逐漸增長(zhǎng),且都在最底層罐壁處達(dá)到最大,其中變形位移為5.78mm,最大應(yīng)力為103.5MPa;在最底層罐壁處達(dá)到最小值,其值都趨于0。利用儲(chǔ)罐特征曲線規(guī)律結(jié)合強(qiáng)度判定理論對(duì)儲(chǔ)罐主要部件強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行判定,得出了儲(chǔ)罐各主要部件(拱頂、承壓環(huán)及罐壁)還可以進(jìn)行優(yōu)化的結(jié)論。再以儲(chǔ)罐各部件質(zhì)量最小為目標(biāo),建立了儲(chǔ)罐主要部件壁厚尺寸的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)函數(shù),利用ANSYS Workbench軟件中的Response Surface Optimization(優(yōu)化響應(yīng))模塊對(duì)目標(biāo)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算,得到了儲(chǔ)罐各主要部件滿足約束條件的最佳值。同時(shí)利用優(yōu)化值與常規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)值對(duì)同一公稱體積下儲(chǔ)罐各主要部件耗材量進(jìn)行了比較分析。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)優(yōu)化后拱頂耗材平均節(jié)省了12.4%,承壓環(huán)耗材平均節(jié)省了39.3%,罐壁耗材平均節(jié)省了9.8%。其中節(jié)省最明顯的是承壓環(huán)部分。
[Abstract]:With the development of large-scale and centralized storage tanks, more and more attention has been paid to the optimization design of storage tanks. In this paper, the optimal design objective function of the shell shape size of the tank is established for the purpose of saving the most material for the common large vertical storage tank. The model is solved and calculated by using MATLAB software, and the optimum shape size is obtained. The corresponding dimensions of V-D-t) are calculated. At the same time, the optimal value and the recommended value of the national standard map set are used to compare and analyze the storage tank consumption under the same nominal volume. After comparison and analysis, it is found that when V2000m3, the optimized value saves 7.64% compared with the recommended value, and when V2000m3, the tank material saves 13.82%. The structure design of 100-10000m3 series storage tank is completed by using the engineering calculation drawing of the optimal shape and size of the storage tank under constant volume and combining with the standard SH/T 3167. The parametric modeling of the dome and the wall of the tank is completed by using the macro recording language in the 3D modeling software SolidWorks, and the visual window of the corresponding parts is designed. The statics finite element analysis module of the ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software is used to analyze the statics of the tank, and the data extraction path is set up on the tank vault, pressure ring and tank wall. The stress characteristic curve of setting path position is extracted and analyzed. It is found that from the welding position of the vault and pressure bearing ring to the distance of 0.8R from the center of the vault, the deformation of the vault rapidly occurs and the deformation reaches the maximum at 0.8R, while the stress changes of the vault are opposite. The stress value of pressure-bearing ring roof remains basically unchanged from the front end of roof, until the position of welding with support plate, the stress suddenly reaches the maximum value, and the deformation trend of tank wall is basically the same as the stress distribution trend of tank wall. The deformation displacement is 5.78mm, the maximum stress is 103.5MPa, and the minimum value is 0 at the lowest tank wall. Based on the characteristic curve law of storage tank and the theory of strength judgment, it is concluded that the main components of storage tank (vault, pressure ring and tank wall) can be optimized. Then the objective function of the optimization design of the wall thickness of the main parts of the tank is established with the aim of minimizing the quality of each component of the tank, and the optimization design is calculated by using the Response Surface Optimization( optimization response module in the ANSYS Workbench software. The optimum value of the main components of the tank satisfying the constraint conditions is obtained. At the same time, the consumption of the main parts of the tank under the same nominal volume is compared and analyzed by using the optimized value and the conventional design value. It is found that after optimization, the dome consumables are averagely saved 12.4%, the pressure ring consumables are saved 39.3%, and the tank wall consumables are saved 9.8% on average. One of the most significant savings is the pressure ring part.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE972

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