發(fā)布時間：2018-05-08 13:30

  本文選題：煤 + 碳量子點��； 參考：《中北大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,由于熒光碳點在元素豐富度、低毒性、良好的生物相容性、化學惰性、低成本等方面的顯著優(yōu)勢,已得到了廣泛的關注和研究。但是,現(xiàn)有碳點的制備方法大多都存在能耗高、污染大、產(chǎn)率低且所得碳點發(fā)光顏色單一等弊端。煤基原料的儲量十分豐富,且其含碳量很高,是非常好的碳源�；诖�,本文主要研究用綠色合成的方法從煤基原料中制備出高產(chǎn)率的熒光碳點,并且通過異質元素的摻雜調控其光學性能,然后進一步探討其可能的應用。研究的內(nèi)容以及成果主要體現(xiàn)在以下兩個方面:(1)在常溫常壓下,利用HCOOH和H2O2的配比溶液選擇性氧化刻蝕煤瀝青制備出了熒光碳點。該方法制得的熒光碳點的產(chǎn)率不僅可達49%,而且具有濃度依賴的多色可調發(fā)光特性。隨著濃度由3.0 g/L逐步稀釋至0.03 g/L,碳點的發(fā)光顏色從紅色逐漸變?yōu)樗{色,其發(fā)光范圍基本涵蓋了整個可見光區(qū)。通過對碳點的分析表征,提出了碳點顆粒間的分子間相互作用力引起的形態(tài)變化改變了碳點輻射復合的方式,從而導致了濃度依賴的多色發(fā)光現(xiàn)象。此外,對所得熒光碳點的光催化活性也進行了研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)在可見光照射下樣品表現(xiàn)出較強的還原性,可在化學合成中作為光還原劑。(2)僅利用雙氧水選擇性氧化刻蝕無煙煤制備的熒光碳點,發(fā)光顏色單一,主要在藍綠光區(qū)。本文通過溶劑熱法利用磷酸氫二銨對煤基碳點進行了摻雜修飾,獲得了雙色發(fā)光中心。通過成分、結構等表征發(fā)現(xiàn)N、P兩種元素摻入進了碳點結構中,N、P共摻雜導致了煤基碳點分別在黃光區(qū)和紅光區(qū)出現(xiàn)了熒光發(fā)射雙峰。N、P共摻雜的煤基碳點不僅具有較強的光催化氧化性,還可作為pH值的熒光比色檢測探針。
[Abstract]:In recent years, due to the significant advantages of fluorescent carbon in element richness, low toxicity, good biocompatibility, chemical inertia, low cost and so on, it has been widely paid attention to and studied. However, most of the existing methods have the disadvantages of high energy consumption, high pollution, low yield and single color. Coal-based raw materials are very rich in reserves, and its carbon content is very high, is a very good carbon source. Based on this, this paper mainly studies the preparation of high yield fluorescent carbon points from coal based raw materials by green synthesis, and regulates their optical properties by doping heterogeneous elements, and then further discusses its possible applications. The main contents and results of the study are as follows: 1) under normal temperature and atmospheric pressure, the fluorescent carbon spots were prepared by selective oxidation etching of coal pitch with HCOOH and H2O2 solution. The yield of the fluorescent carbon points obtained by this method is not only up to 49, but also has the characteristics of polychromatic tunable luminescence in a concentration-dependent manner. With the concentration gradually diluted from 3.0 g / L to 0.03 g / L, the color of the carbon spots gradually changed from red to blue, and the luminescence range basically covered the whole visible region. By analyzing and characterizing the carbon points, it is proposed that the morphological changes caused by the intermolecular interaction between the carbon particles change the radiation recombination mode of the carbon points, which leads to the concentration dependent polychromatic luminescence. In addition, the photocatalytic activity of the fluorescent carbon spots was also studied, and it was found that the samples exhibited strong reductivity under visible light irradiation. It can be used as photoreductant in chemical synthesis. Only selective oxidation of hydrogen peroxide is used to etch the fluorescent carbon spots of anthracite. The luminescence color is single and mainly in the blue-green region. In this paper, the coal-based carbon spots were modified by solvothermal method with diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and the two-color luminescence centers were obtained. By composition, It was found that the co-doping of two elements in the carbon structure led to the occurrence of fluorescence emission bimodal. Na-P co-doped coal-based carbon spots in the yellow region and the red region, respectively, which not only had strong photocatalytic oxidation properties, but also had strong photocatalytic oxidation properties, and the results showed that the codoping of the two elements into the carbon structure resulted in the occurrence of fluorescence emission bimodal emission in the yellowlight region and the red light region, respectively. It can also be used as a fluorescence colorimetric detection probe for pH value.
【學位授予單位】：中北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O613.71;TQ422

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