本文選題：浮床人工濕地 + 水芹�。� 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前,人工濕地被廣泛地應(yīng)用于各類污、廢水的處理。然而,尾水深度凈化人工濕地存在嚴(yán)重C/N失衡問題,碳源不足限制了濕地脫氮能力的發(fā)揮,導(dǎo)致濕地脫氮效果不理想。加之水生植物的生長及微生物的活性與溫度有顯著關(guān)系,在冬季低溫條件下人工濕地去除尾水中過量的氮元素更是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。大量研究表明,添加植物碳源可以有效改善人工濕地脫氮效果,但植物碳源的改善效果受添加方式、添加量和添加時(shí)機(jī)的影響極大,而且鮮有研究將植物碳源添加對(duì)人工濕地凈化效果的影響和自然條件下植物材料的分解過程兩個(gè)方面結(jié)合起來。因此,本文設(shè)計(jì)了暖季型植物輪葉黑藻(Hydrillaverticillata)和冷季型植物水芹菜(Oenanthe javanica)組合配置的浮床人工濕地系統(tǒng),監(jiān)測(cè)了受試植物動(dòng)態(tài)變化,檢測(cè)了濕地系統(tǒng)水體溶氧量(DO)、水體葉綠素含量的變化,研究了輪葉黑藻在秋冬季凋亡分解對(duì)濕地系統(tǒng)除氮效果的影響,旨在驗(yàn)證冷、暖季型水生植物配置提升C/N失衡水體氮去除率的可行性。并利用穩(wěn)定性同位素15N標(biāo)記技術(shù)探討輪葉黑藻殘?bào)w分解前期對(duì)濕地系統(tǒng)氮素遷移轉(zhuǎn)化的影響,為人工濕地生態(tài)凈化工程提供理論指導(dǎo)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:(1)水芹菜在秋冬季浮床人工濕地系統(tǒng)中表現(xiàn)出較好的低溫適應(yīng)性。實(shí)驗(yàn)前期,各處理組水芹菜的地上、地下干重以及總干重均呈上升趨勢(shì);溫度降至5℃后,部分葉片發(fā)黃枯萎,各處理組水芹菜的地上干重均有不同程度的下降,但主干與地下部分仍保持正常。實(shí)驗(yàn)期間各處理組水芹菜根系活力總體呈減弱趨勢(shì),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí),LN組(貧營養(yǎng)水體+水芹菜處理組)、LA組(貧營養(yǎng)水體+水芹菜+輪葉黑藻處理組)、HN組(富營養(yǎng)水體+水芹菜處理組)、HA組(富營養(yǎng)水體+水芹菜+輪葉黑藻處理組)分別為31.73 μg(1g·2h)-1、26.67 μg·(1g·2h)-1、63.73μg·(1g·2h)-1、35 2 μgμg·(1g·2h)-1。(2)輪葉黑藻分解釋碳過程可以分為兩個(gè)階段。實(shí)驗(yàn)開始時(shí)輪葉黑藻剛進(jìn)入衰亡期,分解迅速,實(shí)驗(yàn)后期由于溫度降低,分解減慢,最終輪葉黑藻干重減少57%。四個(gè)周期內(nèi),LA組、HA組的水體COD值分別顯著高于LN組、HN組,說明輪葉黑藻在秋冬季衰亡分解能夠釋放大量的有機(jī)物,可以作為外加碳源提高濕地系統(tǒng)的有機(jī)碳含量。(3)輪葉黑藻過量分解會(huì)增加濕地系統(tǒng)水體葉綠素含量、降低水體溶氧量。在整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中,LA組、HA組水體葉綠素含量分別顯著高于LN組、HN組;在第一、二周期,LA組、HA組的水體溶氧量分別顯著低于LN組、HN組;而且實(shí)驗(yàn)期間,LA組、HA組水芹菜的地下部分干重、根系活力普遍更低,這與輪葉黑藻分解消耗水體溶氧,影響水芹菜根部呼吸有關(guān)。(4)利用冷、暖季型水生植物配置提高C/N失衡濕地氮去除率是可行的。在四個(gè)周期中,HA組水體平均C/N比均顯著大于HN組,HA組最大時(shí)是HN組的2.36倍。與HN組相比,HA組的TN去除率分別提升23.03%、10.9%、18.55%和 22.93%,NO3--N 去除率分別提升 38.28%、20.74%、17.87%和 17.06%。表明暖季型植物在秋冬季的分解可以提高浮床人工濕地系統(tǒng)C/N比,促進(jìn)反硝化作用,提高濕地系統(tǒng)TN和NO3--N的去除率。(5)輪葉黑藻殘?bào)w分解前期對(duì)濕地系統(tǒng)氮素遷移轉(zhuǎn)化產(chǎn)生一定影響。一方面,輪葉黑藻殘?bào)w分解前期會(huì)通過影響植物生長減弱植物吸收去除NH4+-N這一途徑;另一方面,又會(huì)促進(jìn)系統(tǒng)反硝化作用,有利于去除系統(tǒng)NO3--N。同時(shí)輪葉黑藻殘?bào)w能通過吸附作用降低水體NH4+-N濃度,不會(huì)造成水體氮素污染。
[Abstract]:At present, artificial wetland is widely used in various kinds of pollution and wastewater treatment. However, there is a serious C/N imbalance in the constructed wetland with deep tail water purification. The lack of carbon source limits the ability of nitrogen removal in wetland, which leads to the poor effect of nitrogen removal in wetlands. A large number of studies have shown that adding plant carbon sources can effectively improve the effect of nitrogen removal in artificial wetland, but the effect of plant carbon source is greatly influenced by addition methods, and the effect of adding and adding time is greatly influenced by the addition of plant carbon source to artificial wetland. The influence of chemical effect and the decomposition process of plant material under natural conditions are combined. Therefore, a floating bed artificial wetland system with warm season plant Hydrillaverticillata and cold season plant water celery (Oenanthe javanica) is designed in this paper. The dynamic changes of the plants are monitored and the wetland system is detected. The effects of DO and chlorophyll content on the removal of nitrogen in the wetland system in autumn and winter were studied. The purpose of this study was to verify the feasibility of cold and warm season aquatic plants to improve the nitrogen removal rate of C/N unbalance water in the water body, and to explore the decomposition of the residues of rotaleaf montane by the 15N labeling technique of stable isotopes. The effect of earlier period on Nitrogen Migration and transformation of wetland system provides theoretical guidance for the ecological purification project of artificial wetland. The experimental results show that: (1) the water celery showed good low temperature adaptability in the floating bed artificial wetland system in autumn and winter. When the degree was reduced to 5 degrees, some leaves were yellow and wilted, and the dry weight of water celery in each treatment group decreased in varying degrees, but the main and underground parts remained normal. During the experiment, the root vigor of the water celery was generally weakened. At the end of the experiment, the LN group (the poor nutrient water body + water celery treatment group), the LA group (poor nutrient body + water celery) HN group (eutrophic water + parsley treatment group), group HA (eutrophic water + water celery + leaf black algae treatment group) were 31.73 mu g (1g. 2H) -1,26.67 mu g. (1g. 2H) -1,63.73 mu g. (2) decomposition of black algae (2) can be divided into two stages. The decomposition of the algae was rapid, and the decomposition and decomposition slowed down in the later period of the experiment. The dry weight of black algae was reduced in four cycles. The COD value of the water body in group LA and HA group was significantly higher than that of LN group and HN group, which indicated that the decomposition and decomposition of the algae in autumn and winter could release a large amount of organic matter, which could be used as an added carbon source to improve the wetland. The content of organic carbon in the system. (3) excessive decomposition of the leaf black algae will increase the content of chlorophyll in the water body of the wetland system and reduce the oxygen content of the water body. In the whole experiment, the content of chlorophyll in the water body of the LA group and the HA group is significantly higher than that of the LN group, the HN group; in the first, second cycle, the LA group and the HA group, the oxygen content is significantly lower than that of the LN group, the HN group and the experimental period. Between group LA and group HA, the underground part of water celery was dry and the root activity was generally lower, which was related to the decomposition of dissolved oxygen in water body and the respiration of root of water celery. (4) it was feasible to use cold and warm season aquatic plants to improve the nitrogen removal rate of C/N unbalanced wetland. In the four cycles, the average C/N ratio of the water body of the HA group was significantly greater than that of the HN group, HA The maximum of the group was 2.36 times that of the HN group. Compared with the HN group, the TN removal rate of the HA group increased by 23.03%, 10.9%, 18.55% and 22.93% respectively. The NO3--N removal rate was increased by 38.28%, 20.74%, 17.87% and 17.06%. respectively. The decomposition of warm season plants in autumn and winter could improve the C/ N ratio in the floating bed artificial wetland system, promote the denitrification and improve the TN and NO of the wetland system. The removal rate of 3--N. (5) a certain effect on Nitrogen Migration and transformation of the wetland system in the early stage of the decomposition of the residues of the residue of phylodenticus in the wetland system. On the one hand, the early decomposition of the residues of the residues of the leaves of the leaves of the leaves will weaken the absorption and removal of the NH4+-N by plant growth and weaken the plant's absorption and removal. On the other hand, it will also promote the denitrification of the system, which is beneficial to the removal of the system NO3--N. at the same time. The black algae can reduce the NH4+-N concentration of water by adsorption, and will not cause nitrogen pollution.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X173;X703

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