本文選題：致密氣藏 + 多級壓裂　； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：致密氣藏通常采用多級壓裂水平井技術(shù)進(jìn)行開采,準(zhǔn)確評價多級壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能對于致密氣藏開采具有重要意義。許多學(xué)者在開展多級壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能評價過程中借助線性介質(zhì)耦合機制考慮滲透率應(yīng)力敏感性的影響,然而,部分學(xué)者研究證實致密砂巖儲層的有效應(yīng)力表現(xiàn)為非線性,用線性介質(zhì)耦合代替非線性介質(zhì)耦合描述致密氣藏砂巖特征必然會產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重錯誤,因此,有必要基于非線性介質(zhì)耦合開展多級壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能評價工作。本文針對含微裂縫和人造裂縫的致密砂巖開展了特殊應(yīng)力敏感實驗以及變圍壓實驗,根據(jù)變圍壓實驗結(jié)果確定滲透率與有效應(yīng)力相關(guān)關(guān)系,同時根據(jù)特殊應(yīng)力敏感實驗結(jié)果結(jié)合響應(yīng)面法認(rèn)清非線性介質(zhì)耦合機制,進(jìn)而結(jié)合非線性有效應(yīng)力方程將變圍壓實驗結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)換為滲透率與內(nèi)壓關(guān)系,并將其與變內(nèi)壓實驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行了對比。此外,考慮非線性介質(zhì)耦合的產(chǎn)能模型中滲流偏微分方程是高度非線性的,運用解析法對其進(jìn)行求解存在一定難度,此時需要適用性更強的半解析方法。本文基于不同介質(zhì)耦合形式建立了箱型氣藏中一口多級壓裂水平井的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并通過離散網(wǎng)格的方式將非線性項平均到各網(wǎng)格,進(jìn)而通過Laplace變換及Newman乘積等方法對單個網(wǎng)格數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行解析求解,最后結(jié)合網(wǎng)格間連續(xù)性條件耦合求解了產(chǎn)量分布,進(jìn)一步結(jié)合實例數(shù)據(jù)評價了裂縫參數(shù)的影響。通過研究,形成了一套基于非線性介質(zhì)耦合來考慮滲透率應(yīng)力敏感性的方法,并基于該方法形成了多級壓裂水平井不穩(wěn)定產(chǎn)能預(yù)測及分析方法,進(jìn)一步深化了致密氣藏中滲流機理及不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下生產(chǎn)動態(tài)特征的認(rèn)識,為正確使用有效應(yīng)力、致密氣藏工作制度確定以及多級壓裂裂縫參數(shù)優(yōu)選提供了依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The multistage fracturing horizontal well technology is usually used to produce the tight gas reservoir. It is very important to evaluate the productivity of the multistage fracturing horizontal well accurately for the tight gas reservoir production. Many scholars consider the influence of permeability stress sensitivity by means of linear medium coupling mechanism in the process of productivity evaluation of multistage fracturing horizontal wells. However, some scholars have confirmed that the effective stress of tight sandstone reservoir is nonlinear. It is necessary to use linear medium coupling instead of nonlinear medium coupling to describe sandstone characteristics of tight gas reservoirs, so it is necessary to carry out productivity evaluation of multistage fracturing horizontal wells based on nonlinear medium coupling. In this paper, special stress sensitive experiments and variable confining pressure experiments have been carried out for compact sandstone with microfractures and artificial fractures. The relationship between permeability and effective stress is determined according to the experimental results of variable confining pressure. At the same time, according to the results of special stress sensitivity experiment and response surface method, the coupling mechanism of nonlinear medium is recognized, and then the experimental results of variable confining pressure are converted into the relationship between permeability and internal pressure by combining with nonlinear effective stress equation. It is compared with the experimental results of variable internal pressure. In addition, the partial differential equation of percolation is highly nonlinear in the productivity model considering the coupling of nonlinear medium. It is difficult to solve it by using analytical method, and a more applicable semi-analytical method is needed. In this paper, a mathematical model of a multistage fracturing horizontal well in a box gas reservoir is established based on different medium coupling forms, and the nonlinear term is averaged to each grid by means of discrete grid. Then the mathematical model of a single grid is analytically solved by means of Laplace transformation and Newman product. Finally, the output distribution is solved by coupling the continuity conditions between grids, and the influence of crack parameters is evaluated by the example data. Through the research, a set of methods based on nonlinear medium coupling to consider permeability stress sensitivity are developed. Based on this method, a method for predicting and analyzing unstable productivity of multistage fracturing horizontal wells is developed. It further deepens the understanding of percolation mechanism and production characteristics under unstable state in tight gas reservoirs, which provides a basis for the correct use of effective stress, the determination of working rules for tight gas reservoirs and the optimal selection of fracture parameters for multistage fracturing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE328

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