發(fā)布時間：2018-04-12 15:15

  本文選題：蘋果 + 真菌��； 參考：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由擴展青霉(Penicillium expansum)引起的青霉病是導(dǎo)致蘋果采后損失的重要病害。本文以成熟“紅富士”蘋果為試材,用100mg/L BTH處理24h后,再接種P.expansum。研究處理對損傷接種蘋果青霉病的控制效果,觀察處理及挑戰(zhàn)接種對果實細胞及細胞器的影響,分析果實皮下細胞中ROS的積累,測定能量代謝、活性氧代謝和苯丙烷代謝相關(guān)酶活性及產(chǎn)物含量。結(jié)果表明:1.BTH處理可顯著降低損傷接種果實的病斑面積,誘導(dǎo)了果實PAL活性,提高了總酚、類黃酮和木質(zhì)素含量的積累。挑戰(zhàn)接種可進一步誘導(dǎo)BTH處理者的PAL活性,顯著提高了總酚、類黃酮和木質(zhì)素積累。雖然挑戰(zhàn)接種也提高了對照果實的上述抗性指標,但持續(xù)的時間和增加的強度明顯低于處理果實。2.BTH處理顯著提高了果實的ATP和ADP含量,以及EC水平,提高了SDH、CCO和Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性。挑戰(zhàn)接種可進一步誘導(dǎo)處理果實的SDH、CCO、H~+-ATPase和Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性,增加處理果實的ATP和ADP含量,以及EC水平。雖然挑戰(zhàn)接種也提高了對照果實的上述抗性指標,但其持續(xù)時間和增加強度明顯低于處理果實。此外,處理保持了細胞中線粒體數(shù)量的穩(wěn)定,較好的維持了線粒體結(jié)構(gòu)完整。3.BTH處理降低了果實細胞膜透率及MDA含量,維持了細胞膜的完整性。提高了NOX、SOD、POD和PPO活性,抑制了CAT和PAX活性。挑戰(zhàn)接種可進一步提高NOX、SOD、POD和PPO活性,抑制CAT和PAX活性。雖然挑戰(zhàn)也可提高對照果實上述抗性指標,但增加的強度和持續(xù)的時間明顯低于處理果實。4.BTH處理誘導(dǎo)了果實的ROS爆發(fā),同時提高了O_2~-.產(chǎn)生速率和H_2O_2積累,挑戰(zhàn)接種可進一步誘導(dǎo)處理果實皮下細胞中ROS積累,提高了O_2~-.產(chǎn)生速率和H_2O_2含量。雖然挑戰(zhàn)也可提高對照果實的ROS積累,但ROS累積的強度明顯低于處理果實。綜上所述,采后BTH處理可顯著抑制損傷接種蘋果青霉病的病斑面積,其抑制效果與促進能量代謝相關(guān)酶活性,提高果實組織的能量水平;調(diào)節(jié)活性氧代謝代謝相關(guān)酶活性,增加ROS含量;誘導(dǎo)了苯丙烷代謝,促進酚類和類黃酮物質(zhì)積累等密切相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Penicillium expansuma caused by Penicillium expansum is an important disease of apple postharvest loss.The mature "Red Fuji" apple was treated with 100mg/L BTH for 24 hours, then inoculated with P. expansum.To study the control effect of injury and inoculation on apple penicilliosis, observe the effects of treatment and challenge inoculation on fruit cells and organelles, analyze the accumulation of ROS in fruit subcutaneous cells, and determine the energy metabolism.Enzyme activity and product content related to active oxygen metabolism and phenylpropane metabolism.The results showed that 1. BTH treatment could significantly reduce the diseased spot area, induce the activity of PAL and increase the accumulation of total phenol, flavonoid and lignin.Challenge inoculation could further induce the PAL activity of BTH treatment, and increase the accumulation of total phenol, flavonoids and lignin.Although challenge inoculation also increased the resistance of the control fruit, the duration and intensity of the treatment were significantly lower than that of the treatment fruit .2.BTH treatment significantly increased the content of ATP and ADP, the EC level, and the activity of SDH CCO and Ca~(2 + -ATPase.Challenge inoculation could further induce the activities of SDHCCOH- ATPase and Ca~(2 + -ATPase, increase the contents of ATP and ADP, and the level of EC.Although challenge inoculation also increased the resistance index of the control fruit, its duration and increasing intensity were significantly lower than that of the treated fruit.In addition, the treatment maintained the stability of the number of mitochondria in the cells, maintained the integrity of mitochondria structure. 3. BTH treatment decreased the cell membrane permeability and MDA content, and maintained the integrity of the cell membrane.The activities of POD and PPO were increased and the activities of CAT and PAX were inhibited.Challenge inoculation could further increase the activities of POD and PPO and inhibit the activities of CAT and PAX.Although challenge could also increase the resistance of the control fruit, the intensity and duration of the increase were significantly lower than that of the treatment fruit. 4. BTH treatment induced the ROS outbreak of the fruit, and increased the O2C-.The rate of production and the accumulation of H_2O_2, challenge inoculation could further induce the accumulation of ROS in fruit subcutaneous cells, and increase the accumulation of ROS in fruit subcutaneous cells.Production rate and H_2O_2 content.Although challenge also increased the ROS accumulation of the control fruit, the intensity of ROS accumulation was significantly lower than that of the treated fruit.To sum up, postharvest BTH treatment could significantly inhibit the spot area of damaged and inoculated apple penicillium, its inhibitory effect and the activity of enzymes related to promoting energy metabolism, improving the energy level of fruit tissue, regulating the activity of enzymes related to metabolism of active oxygen species,Increasing the content of ROS, inducing phenylpropane metabolism and promoting the accumulation of phenols and flavonoids were closely related.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS255.3

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