本文選題：低滲氣藏　切入點(diǎn)：井筒舉升模型　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：蘇里格屬于致密氣藏,氣井普遍采用壓裂投產(chǎn),為了維持較高產(chǎn)量,采用了較大的生產(chǎn)壓差,因此投產(chǎn)后產(chǎn)量快速遞減;投產(chǎn)初期的產(chǎn)量包含了高導(dǎo)流能力壓裂縫的供給作用,產(chǎn)量遞減趨勢(shì)中包含了近井帶的能量衰竭和地層供給不足;后期的減速遞減特征反映了采氣強(qiáng)度降低后遠(yuǎn)井地層的平衡供給能力以及井下節(jié)流器不同程度的張開失效帶來(lái)的增產(chǎn)效應(yīng)。深入研究氣井產(chǎn)量變化規(guī)律及優(yōu)化增產(chǎn)措施對(duì)提高氣井的產(chǎn)量和優(yōu)化工程作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)具有積極的意義。論文以蘇里格氣田為研究對(duì)象,生產(chǎn)套管為3.5寸,投產(chǎn)初期采用壓裂投產(chǎn),早期生產(chǎn)管柱是在帶節(jié)流器的3.5寸套管內(nèi)生產(chǎn)。這種生產(chǎn)管柱造成大部分井無(wú)油套壓數(shù)據(jù),為獲得這些數(shù)據(jù)少數(shù)井采用了壓力監(jiān)測(cè)來(lái)得到,氣井存在積液現(xiàn)象。進(jìn)行了低滲氣藏的氣井生產(chǎn)動(dòng)態(tài)分析。低滲氣藏出水原因及特征分析,從氣體滑脫效應(yīng)、高速非達(dá)西滲流、啟動(dòng)壓力梯度、應(yīng)力敏感分析了低滲儲(chǔ)層氣水兩相特殊滲流機(jī)理。分析了低滲氣藏出水產(chǎn)能公式中氣相有效滲透率、地層流體平均粘度、氣井控制半徑等參數(shù)的取值及地層出水對(duì)氣井產(chǎn)能的影響評(píng)價(jià)。出水氣井產(chǎn)量遞減分析,產(chǎn)量遞減原因及遞減類型的地質(zhì)成因的分析。井筒舉升模型,進(jìn)行了攜液臨界產(chǎn)量計(jì)算原理及實(shí)例分析。進(jìn)行了攜液井筒壓力損耗計(jì)算方法的推導(dǎo)及攜液舉升能力評(píng)價(jià)。開展了儲(chǔ)層-井筒-井口一體化氣井動(dòng)態(tài)分析方法。一體化動(dòng)態(tài)分析思路包括根據(jù)地質(zhì)成因進(jìn)行產(chǎn)量的分段遞減分析、基于地層條件的生產(chǎn)歷史擬合和動(dòng)態(tài)預(yù)測(cè)、綜合遞減分析評(píng)價(jià)氣井的開發(fā)潛力。進(jìn)行了復(fù)合產(chǎn)量遞減分析方法的原理、優(yōu)勢(shì)、局限、改進(jìn)、分析步驟分析。進(jìn)行了遞減法生產(chǎn)動(dòng)態(tài)預(yù)測(cè)的實(shí)例計(jì)算。結(jié)果表明擬合精度有所提高。典型井單井?dāng)?shù)值模擬調(diào)參原則是初期產(chǎn)量變化規(guī)律體現(xiàn)了地層的供給速度,通過(guò)調(diào)整地層滲透率(0.01-2.5mD)來(lái)擬合;中后期產(chǎn)量變化體現(xiàn)了地層能量的保持程度,即儲(chǔ)量的衰竭程度,通過(guò)調(diào)整單井控制范圍來(lái)擬合,根據(jù)砂體分布特征,通過(guò)調(diào)整地質(zhì)模型的寬度(20-1000m)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。數(shù)值模擬得到的單井控制儲(chǔ)量與測(cè)試無(wú)阻流量具有較好的一致性。典型井生產(chǎn)歷史擬合結(jié)果表明擬合度最高97.4%、最低63.0%,平均89.5%;67口井?dāng)M合度超過(guò)80%,占總井?dāng)?shù)88.2%,滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。研究方法及獲得的認(rèn)識(shí)對(duì)產(chǎn)量遞減變化規(guī)律、生產(chǎn)歷史擬合、動(dòng)態(tài)預(yù)測(cè)及速度管柱和增壓開采優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Sulige belongs to the tight gas reservoir. In order to maintain the high production rate, the production pressure difference is adopted in order to maintain the high production rate, so the production decreases rapidly after putting into production, and the initial production of the gas well contains the supply function of the high conductivity energy pressure fracture.The decline trend of production includes the energy exhaustion in the near well zone and the insufficient supply of formation;The characteristics of deceleration decline in the later stage reflect the equilibrium supply capacity of the far well formation after the gas recovery intensity is reduced and the effect of increasing production caused by the failure of downhole throttle opening to varying degrees.It is of great significance to study the variation law of gas well production and optimize the production increase measures for improving the production rate of gas well and optimizing the engineering operation.The paper takes Sulige gas field as the research object, the production casing is 3.5-inch, the initial stage of production is fracturing, the early production string is produced in the 3.5-inch casing with throttle.This kind of production string results in the oil-free casing pressure data of most wells. In order to obtain these data, a few wells are obtained by pressure monitoring, and there is fluid accumulation in gas wells.The production performance of gas wells in low permeability gas reservoirs is analyzed.Based on the analysis of the reasons and characteristics of low permeability gas reservoir effluent, the special seepage mechanism of gas and water two phases in low permeability reservoir is analyzed from gas slip effect, high speed non Darcy seepage flow, starting pressure gradient and stress sensitivity.The effective permeability of gas phase, the average viscosity of formation fluid, the control radius of gas well and the influence of formation water on gas well productivity are analyzed.The analysis of the production decline, the cause of production decline and the geological origin of decline type.The calculation principle of critical output of liquid carrying and the analysis of examples are carried out in the wellbore lifting model.The calculation method of pressure loss in fluid carrying well and the evaluation of lift capacity of liquid carrying are carried out.The reservoir-wellbore-wellhead integrated gas well performance analysis method is developed.The idea of integrated dynamic analysis includes segmental decline analysis of production according to geological origin, production history fitting and dynamic prediction based on formation conditions, and comprehensive decline analysis to evaluate the development potential of gas wells.The principle, advantage, limitation, improvement and analysis procedure of compound production decline analysis method are analyzed.An example calculation of production dynamic prediction by decreasing method is carried out.The results show that the fitting accuracy is improved.The principle of adjusting parameters by numerical simulation of typical wells is that the law of initial production change reflects the supply rate of formation, which is fitted by adjusting formation permeability 0.01-2.5mD. the variation of production in the middle and late stage reflects the degree of formation energy preservation, that is, the degree of depletion of reserves.By adjusting the control range of single well to fit, according to the distribution characteristics of sand body, the width of geological model is adjusted to 20-1000m).The controlled reserves obtained by numerical simulation are in good agreement with the measured unobstructed flow.The fitting results of production history of typical wells show that the fitting degree is the highest 97.4 and the lowest 63.0. The average fitting degree of 69.5and 67 wells exceeds 80, accounting for 88.2 of the total wells, which meets the design requirements.The research method and the knowledge obtained have certain guiding significance to the law of production decline change, production history fitting, dynamic prediction and optimization design of speed pipe string and pressurized mining.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE332

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