本文選題：輕量化　切入點(diǎn)：碳纖維　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的發(fā)展,環(huán)境以及能源的難題日益嚴(yán)峻,甚至限制了人類未來的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展。因此,如何開發(fā)新能源,高效的使用現(xiàn)有能源從而節(jié)能減排已成為全社會的共識。對于汽車工業(yè)來說,對汽車車身進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計以降低整車質(zhì)量可以有效優(yōu)化整車的能源消耗,從而達(dá)到節(jié)能目的。碳纖維是一種軸向強(qiáng)度以及軸向模量高、低密度、沒有蠕變,非氧化環(huán)境下耐超高溫以及耐疲勞性好、熱膨脹系數(shù)小且耐腐蝕性好,X射線透過性好等等優(yōu)點(diǎn)的先進(jìn)纖維復(fù)合材料,與此同時,碳纖維還具備高效率回收和有利于環(huán)保的特點(diǎn),有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)降低碳排放的目的。在汽車行業(yè)中,各類纖維復(fù)合材料在汽車工業(yè)中的應(yīng)用日益廣泛,而碳纖維復(fù)合材料作為其中的主力材料也陸續(xù)涌現(xiàn)出越來越多的運(yùn)用實(shí)例,逐漸成為汽車輕量化的主力材料,因此,本文采用碳纖維復(fù)合材料作為優(yōu)化設(shè)計的材料。針對碳纖維復(fù)合材料的材料特性以及本文的研究內(nèi)容和目標(biāo),本文開展了如下研究工作:1)對作為參考基準(zhǔn)的鋼制發(fā)動機(jī)蓋使用CATIA進(jìn)行建模,然后進(jìn)行有限元網(wǎng)格劃分,得到可用于后續(xù)模擬仿真的有限元模型。2)對得到的鋼制發(fā)動機(jī)蓋有限元模型使用Hyper Mesh加載特定的約束、應(yīng)力以及具體工況,使用RADIOSS求解器以靜力分析的方式對該模型進(jìn)行初步分析并得出相關(guān)參數(shù),這些參數(shù)是后續(xù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計的參考基準(zhǔn)。3)對原鋼制發(fā)動機(jī)蓋模型部分內(nèi)板結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行再處理,以一個完整平面代替之前鋼制發(fā)動機(jī)蓋的具體設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu),然后對補(bǔ)面之后的發(fā)動機(jī)蓋有限元模型加載具體工況,設(shè)定約束邊界條件參數(shù)以及拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化和形貌優(yōu)化參數(shù),設(shè)置優(yōu)化設(shè)計目標(biāo),最后使用Opti Struct進(jìn)行具體的拓?fù)鋬?yōu)化以及形貌優(yōu)化運(yùn)算。4)根據(jù)得到的應(yīng)力以及位移云圖進(jìn)行碳纖維發(fā)動機(jī)蓋內(nèi)板的具體設(shè)計工作,由具體的優(yōu)化設(shè)計目標(biāo)選取優(yōu)化方案。針對得到的優(yōu)化方案根據(jù)國標(biāo)GB/T 24550-2009的要求,使用LS-DYNA進(jìn)行頭模碰撞仿真分析,得出HIC值,根據(jù)計算出的結(jié)果評估設(shè)計方案的行人保護(hù)性能。本文旨在對碳纖維復(fù)合材料在汽車工程上的應(yīng)用,尤其是在汽車外覆蓋件上的應(yīng)用做出有益的探索,為今后在該領(lǐng)域的研究以及設(shè)計提供參考依據(jù)。經(jīng)過具體的研究之后,驗(yàn)證了碳纖維復(fù)合材料應(yīng)用在發(fā)動機(jī)蓋設(shè)計上的可行性,并且實(shí)現(xiàn)了在性能有所提升或至少不低于原鋼制發(fā)動機(jī)蓋的基礎(chǔ)上取得明顯的輕量化效果,同時具備符合相關(guān)法律法規(guī)要求的行人保護(hù)性能。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society, the problems of environment and energy are becoming more and more serious, even restricting the future economic and social development of mankind. Therefore, how to develop new energy, Efficient use of existing energy to save energy and reduce emissions has become the consensus of the whole society. For the automobile industry, to optimize the car body design to reduce the quality of the vehicle can effectively optimize the energy consumption of the whole vehicle. Carbon fiber is a kind of high axial strength and axial modulus, low density, no creep, high temperature resistance and fatigue resistance in non-oxidation environment. Advanced fiber composites with small thermal expansion coefficient and good corrosion resistance and good X-ray transmittance. At the same time, carbon fiber also has the characteristics of high efficiency recovery and environmental protection. In automobile industry, all kinds of fiber composites are widely used in automobile industry, and carbon fiber composite materials as the main materials have emerged more and more application examples. Therefore, carbon fiber composite is used as the material of optimization design. According to the material characteristics of carbon fiber composite and the research content and goal of this paper, In this paper, the following research work was carried out: (1) the steel engine cover was modeled using CATIA as the reference datum, and then the finite element meshing was carried out. The finite element model .2, which can be used in the subsequent simulation, is obtained. The finite element model of the steel engine cover is loaded with Hyper Mesh under specific constraints, stresses and working conditions. The RADIOSS solver is used to analyze the model preliminarily by static analysis and the relevant parameters are obtained. These parameters are the reference datum of the subsequent optimization design. 3) the internal plate structure of the original steel engine cover model is reprocessed. A complete plane is used to replace the concrete design structure of the former steel engine cover, and then the finite element model of the engine cover after mending is loaded under specific working conditions, and the constrained boundary condition parameters, topology optimization and topography optimization parameters are set up. Setting the optimum design target, finally using Opti Struct to carry out the specific topology optimization and topography optimization operation. 4) according to the obtained stress and displacement cloud image, the concrete design work of the carbon fiber engine cover inner plate is carried out. According to the requirements of GB/T 24550-2009, the LS-DYNA is used to simulate the head-die collision, and the value of HIC is obtained. Based on the calculated results, the pedestrian protection performance of the design scheme is evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to explore the application of carbon fiber composite materials in automobile engineering, especially in automobile outer panels. It provides a reference for future research and design in this field. After specific research, the feasibility of the application of CFRP in engine cover design is verified. On the basis of improving the performance or at least not less than the original steel engine cover, the lightweight effect is achieved, and the pedestrian protection performance meets the requirements of relevant laws and regulations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U463.833;TQ342.742

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本文編號：1678745