本文選題：摩阻　切入點(diǎn)：軸向振動(dòng)　出處：《重慶科技學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于大位移井在近海油田的開發(fā)中具有顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,因此大位移井被廣泛應(yīng)用,但是大位移井容易引起鉆柱的“托壓”效應(yīng),從而發(fā)生鉆具損毀等事故。因此對大位移井鉆井的減摩阻研究就尤為重要。針對大位移井穩(wěn)斜段長的特點(diǎn),使用商業(yè)軟件Landmark模擬各個(gè)工況下的摩阻變化,證明了在大位移井鉆井時(shí),摩阻對鉆進(jìn)的影響較大,以至于會(huì)發(fā)生鉆柱疲勞破壞等事故。通過單一的改變井斜角、摩擦系數(shù)和鉆壓等因素,將對鉆柱與井壁之間的摩阻產(chǎn)生較大影響。針對施加軸向振動(dòng)的方式,對鉆柱滑動(dòng)鉆進(jìn)狀態(tài)下,進(jìn)行受力分析,建立軸向振動(dòng)減阻的數(shù)學(xué)模型,通過Newmark-β法對施加軸向振動(dòng)條件下進(jìn)行求解,得到在各個(gè)時(shí)刻下,鉆柱每個(gè)質(zhì)點(diǎn)的位移、速度和加速度。通過分析證明,隨著激振力增加,通過增大鉆柱的振動(dòng)速度的方式,摩擦力比值迅速減小,減阻效果明顯;隨著井斜角、鉆壓、鉆柱尺寸的或者增大,通過增加“重力效應(yīng)”的影響,造成鉆柱振動(dòng)速度的減小,從而顯著減小振動(dòng)減阻的效果;隨著振動(dòng)頻率和井斜角的增加,呈現(xiàn)摩擦力比值先顯著變化后來變化緩慢的現(xiàn)象,這是由于在超過一定的臨界值時(shí),阻尼對鉆柱的影響增大,造成鉆柱的振動(dòng)速度變小,因而影響了振動(dòng)減阻的效果。針對國產(chǎn)的軸向振動(dòng)減阻工具理論分析較少且不易更換易磨損部件的缺點(diǎn),基于凸輪原理,設(shè)計(jì)了新型軸向振動(dòng)減阻工具,并以理論分析結(jié)果為基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計(jì)了工具的基本參數(shù),針對連接部分進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì),達(dá)到了易磨損件可更換的目的,從而延長了軸向振動(dòng)減阻工具的使用壽命。同時(shí),對新型軸向振動(dòng)減阻工具的核心部件凸輪進(jìn)行有限元分析,分析結(jié)果證明了在工具正常工作時(shí),不會(huì)發(fā)生應(yīng)力損毀的現(xiàn)象,可以正常使用。
[Abstract]:Because of the remarkable economic benefit of the extended reach well in offshore oilfield development, it is widely used, but it is easy to cause the "supporting pressure" effect of drill string. Therefore, it is very important to study the friction reducing resistance of long reach well drilling. In view of the characteristics of the long stable section of the extended reach well, the commercial software Landmark is used to simulate the friction change under various working conditions. It is proved that frictional resistance has a great influence on drilling in long reach well, so that the fatigue failure of drill string will occur. By changing the angle of well, friction coefficient and drilling pressure, and so on, a single change of well angle, friction coefficient and drilling pressure, etc. It will have a great influence on friction between drill string and shaft wall. Aiming at the way of applying axial vibration, the stress of drill string under sliding drilling condition is analyzed, and the mathematical model of axial vibration drag reduction is established. By Newmark- 尾 method, the displacement, velocity and acceleration of every particle of drill string are obtained under the condition of axial vibration. It is proved by analysis that the vibration velocity of drill string increases with the increase of exciting force. The friction ratio decreases rapidly and the drag reduction effect is obvious. With the increase of well angle, drilling pressure and drill string size, the vibration velocity of drill string is reduced by increasing the "gravity effect", thus the effect of vibration drag reduction is significantly reduced. With the increase of vibration frequency and inclined angle of well, the friction ratio changes obviously first and then slowly. This is due to the increase of damping effect on drill string when it exceeds a certain critical value, which causes the vibration velocity of drill string to become smaller. Therefore, the effect of vibration drag reduction is affected. In view of the defects of the domestic axial vibration drag reduction tools, which are few in theoretical analysis and difficult to replace easily worn parts, a new type of axial vibration drag reduction tool is designed based on the principle of cam. On the basis of the theoretical analysis results, the basic parameters of the tool are designed, and the innovative design for the connection part is carried out, which can achieve the purpose of easy to wear parts can be replaced, thus prolonging the service life of the axial vibration drag reducing tool, at the same time, The finite element analysis of the cam, the core component of the new type of axial vibration drag reduction tool, is carried out. The results show that the stress damage will not occur when the tool works normally, and it can be used normally.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TE242;TE921.2

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本文編號(hào)：1666231