本文選題：煤矸石　切入點(diǎn)：混凝土　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國作為一個(gè)能源大國,每年煤的開采量和消耗量都位居全球前列。隨著煤炭資源的大規(guī)模開采,其伴生物——煤矸石也在不斷積存。大量煤矸石的堆存不僅危害自然環(huán)境,而且不能對其有效利用也是對資源的浪費(fèi)。另一方面,隨著我國鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的發(fā)展和推廣的進(jìn)一步深入,工程中對研發(fā)新型配套墻板材料的需求也日趨迫切。本文依托國家青年基金科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“與鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅配套的煤矸石新型墻板的理論與試驗(yàn)研究”(51208332),以山西省某市積存的煤矸石和自燃煤矸石為研究對象,進(jìn)行的試驗(yàn)研究以及成果如下:(1)通過原材料物理力學(xué)試驗(yàn)、SEM掃描、能譜儀檢測等,測得煤矸石和自燃煤矸石的密度、顆粒級配、吸水率、筒壓強(qiáng)度等基本物理力學(xué)性能,化學(xué)成分以及放射性。(2)以煤矸石為粗集料設(shè)計(jì)了3種配合比,通過123個(gè)試塊的力學(xué)性能試驗(yàn),研究了C20、C25、C30煤矸石混凝土4個(gè)齡期的抗壓強(qiáng)度、劈裂抗拉強(qiáng)度、彈性模量等力學(xué)性能,給出以煤矸石為粗集料的混凝土的推薦配合比。(3)以自燃煤矸石為粗集料,設(shè)計(jì)了5種配合比,通過205個(gè)試塊的抗壓強(qiáng)度、劈裂抗拉強(qiáng)度、彈性模量測試試驗(yàn),分析了粉煤灰、減水劑、膨脹珍珠巖等對混凝土強(qiáng)度、表觀密度、和易性的影響,給出以自燃煤矸石為粗集料的混凝土的推薦配合比。(4)將自燃煤矸石破碎,得到粒徑小于3mm的連續(xù)級配的人工砂,以過氧化氫溶液作為引氣劑配制泡沫砂漿,設(shè)計(jì)了13組砂漿配合比,制作了336個(gè)砂漿立方體試塊,研究了過氧化氫溶液、減水劑、纖維素、膨脹珍珠巖對泡沫砂漿表觀密度和強(qiáng)度的影響,給出了強(qiáng)度等級為M10的自燃煤矸石人工砂泡沫砂漿的推薦配合比。(5)以自燃煤矸石人工砂泡沫砂漿為材料,制作墻板試件,通過傳熱系數(shù)測試,得到泡沫砂漿的傳熱系數(shù)為2.705W/(m~2·K);通過隔聲性能測試,測得100mm厚泡沫砂漿墻板構(gòu)件的隔聲量為37dB,試件表面進(jìn)行10mm厚抹灰處理后隔聲量為41dB。本文研究的煤矸石、自燃煤矸石混凝土不僅可用作鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅配套墻板的材料,也可用于一般混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件中;砂漿能夠作為新型墻材用于鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑配套內(nèi)墻板中。這些新型材料的使用在一定程度上有助于鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅及裝配式建筑的應(yīng)用和推廣,而且能實(shí)現(xiàn)煤矸石的資源化利用,減小其對環(huán)境的危害,實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)三重效益。
[Abstract]:As a large energy country, China ranks among the top coal mining and consumption in the world every year. With the large-scale exploitation of coal resources, the associated biologics-coal gangue is also accumulating. A large amount of coal gangue is not only harmful to the natural environment. On the other hand, with the further development and promotion of steel housing in China, In the project, the demand for the new matching wall board material is becoming more and more urgent. This paper relies on the national youth fund science project "the theory and the test research of the coal gangue new type wall board matching with the steel structure residence", and uses it to a certain market in Shanxi province. Coal gangue and spontaneous combustion gangue are the objects of study. The experimental research and the results are as follows: (1) the basic physical and mechanical properties of coal gangue and spontaneous combustion gangue are measured by SEM scanning, energy spectrometer testing and so on. The basic physical and mechanical properties of coal gangue and spontaneous combustion gangue are obtained, such as particle gradation, water absorption rate and cylinder pressure strength. The chemical composition and radioactivity of coal gangue were used to design three kinds of compounding ratios. The compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of C20C25C30 gangue concrete at 4 ages were studied through the mechanical property tests of 123 test blocks. According to the mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity, the recommended mix ratio of concrete with coal gangue as coarse aggregate is given. With spontaneous combustion gangue as coarse aggregate, five kinds of blending ratio are designed, and the splitting tensile strength is obtained through the compressive strength of 205 test blocks. The effects of fly ash, water reducer and expanded perlite on the strength, apparent density and easiness of concrete are analyzed. The recommended mix ratio of concrete with spontaneous combustion gangue as coarse aggregate is given. Continuous graded artificial sand with particle size less than 3 mm was obtained. The foam mortar was prepared with hydrogen peroxide solution as air entraining agent. Thirteen groups of mortar mixture ratio were designed, 336 mortar cube test blocks were made, hydrogen peroxide solution and water reducing agent were studied. The effect of cellulose and expanded perlite on the apparent density and strength of foam mortar is studied. The recommended mix ratio of spontaneous combustion coal gangue artificial sand foam mortar with strength grade M10 is given. The heat transfer coefficient of foamed mortar is 2.705W / / m ~ (2 路kg) by measuring the heat transfer coefficient of wall board, and the sound insulation performance is tested. The sound insulation of 100 mm thick foam mortar wall board is 37 dB, and the sound insulation is 41 dB after 10 mm thick plastering on the surface of the specimen. The coal gangue and spontaneous combustion gangue concrete studied in this paper can not only be used as the steel structure housing wall board materials. It can also be used in general concrete structural members; mortar can be used as a new type of wall material in steel structure buildings. The use of these new materials is helpful to the application and popularization of steel structure residential buildings and prefabricated buildings to some extent. And it can realize the utilization of coal gangue, reduce its harm to the environment and realize the triple benefit of society, environment and economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU528

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