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  本文選題：MABR　切入點：曝氣膜材料　出處：《天津工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：MABR是一種具有廣泛應用前景的利用透氣膜進行曝氣的新型有機廢水處理工藝,它有效的將生物膜和膜分離技術相結合,憑借能耗低、效率高、占地少、污泥少等優(yōu)點,逐漸成為污水處理的新工藝。曝氣膜材料特性及MABR反應器內流場特征對MABR的運行效能有重要的影響。首先,本文通過對PVDF和PP中空纖維膜材料的表面形態(tài)、生物相容性、脫氮除碳及膜污染等進行研究,比較材料特性對生物膜及MABR運行的影響,提供選擇適合MABR膜材料的原則和依據(jù),以提高MABR運行效率。研究表明:PVDF纖維膜材料相比于PP纖維膜材料具有較強的生物附著性,在掛膜啟動過程中能夠更快的附著微生物膜,加快系統(tǒng)的啟動速度。通過觀察兩種膜表面生物污染情況,PVDF膜纖維表面呈魚鱗狀結構,有效保護了膜孔不被微生物完全堵塞。PP纖維膜表面較為平滑,導致了較為嚴重的膜污染和較低的氧傳遞速率。水質的處理效果中,選用PVDF纖維膜的MABR膜組件COD和TN的去除率分別為94.2%和77.6%,均高于PP纖維膜組件(85.3%和61.4%)。實驗運行末期,曝氣膜孔被嚴重污染,生物膜內溶解氧的分布差異致使RPVDF體系內具有同步硝化反硝化和短程硝化反硝化共存的脫氮過程,而RPP體系內的脫氮過程趨向于以短程硝化反硝化過程為主導。其次,本文在課題組前期對MABR反應器內流場模擬優(yōu)化基礎上,對流場區(qū)域進行劃分,研究了組件中不同流場對局部纖維上微生物種群特性及生物膜的影響。微流場對生物膜密度、厚度及種群分布都有顯著的影響且各個階段的影響各不相同,初期由于生物膜尚未成熟,尤其是進出口區(qū)域受剪切力及溶解氧影響較大,氨氧化菌(AOB)及亞硝酸鹽氧化菌(NOB)分布不均勻,隨著反應的進行,反應器各個區(qū)域的種群分布較為均勻,但由于膜污染較為嚴重,氧傳遞速率較之前下降較快。當反應器穩(wěn)定運行后,生物膜分層較為明顯,AOB逐漸成為優(yōu)勢種群,反應器向有利于短程硝化反硝化的方向進行。本研究通過對兩種纖維曝氣膜材料MABR性能的分析比較,認為PVDF曝氣纖維更適于做膜曝氣生物膜反應器的曝氣膜;初步探明了 MABR內微流場對生物膜傳氧速率和生物膜微生物群落結構形成的作用機制。
[Abstract]:MABR is a new organic wastewater treatment process with widely application prospect. It combines biofilm with membrane separation technology effectively, with the advantages of low energy consumption, high efficiency, less occupation of land, less sludge, and so on. The characteristics of aerated membrane materials and the characteristics of flow field in MABR reactor have important influence on the running efficiency of MABR. Firstly, the surface morphology and biocompatibility of PVDF and PP hollow fiber membrane materials are studied in this paper. Nitrogen and carbon removal and membrane fouling were studied to compare the effects of material characteristics on the operation of biofilm and MABR, and to provide the principle and basis for selecting suitable MABR membrane materials. In order to improve the running efficiency of MABR, the study showed that the membrane material of MABR had stronger biological adhesion than that of PP fiber membrane, and could attach microbial membrane more quickly during the start-up of the membrane. By observing the biofilm of two kinds of membrane surface, PVDF membrane fiber surface was fish scale structure, which effectively protected the membrane pore from being completely blocked by microorganism. PP fiber membrane surface was smooth. In the treatment of water quality, the removal rates of COD and TN of MABR membrane with PVDF fiber membrane were 94.2% and 77.6, respectively, which were higher than that of PP fiber membrane module (85.3% and 61.4%) respectively. Because of the serious contamination of aerated membrane holes and the difference in the distribution of dissolved oxygen in the biofilm, the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification and short-cut nitrification and denitrification co-exist in the RPVDF system. The denitrification process in RPP system tends to be dominated by short-cut nitrification and denitrification process. Secondly, based on the optimization of flow field in MABR reactor, the flow field is divided. The effects of different flow fields on the microbial population and biofilm on local fibers were studied. The microflow field had significant effects on the density, thickness and population distribution of biofilms, and the effects were different in different stages. In the early stage, the biofilm was not mature, especially in the import and export areas, which was influenced by shear stress and dissolved oxygen, and the distribution of AOB and NOB were not uniform. The population distribution in each region of the reactor is more uniform, but the oxygen transfer rate decreases more rapidly because of the serious membrane fouling. When the reactor runs steadily, the biofilm stratification becomes the dominant population gradually. The reactor is in favor of short-cut nitrification and denitrification. Through the analysis and comparison of MABR properties of two kinds of fiber aeration membrane materials, it is concluded that PVDF aerated fiber is more suitable for aeration membrane of membrane aeration biofilm reactor. The mechanism of microflow field in MABR on biofilm oxygen transfer rate and biofilm microbial community structure was preliminarily investigated.
【學位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703

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本文編號：1640539