本文選題：石墨烯納米片　切入點(diǎn)：碳納米管　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：填充型復(fù)合導(dǎo)電塑料是一種理想的抗靜電、電磁屏蔽材料,廣泛應(yīng)用于便攜式電源、塑料芯片、機(jī)器人、顯示器、生命科學(xué)、航天和太陽(yáng)能等領(lǐng)域,被認(rèn)為是最有發(fā)展前景的高分子材料之一。石墨烯納米片(GNF),由于它獨(dú)特的二維結(jié)構(gòu),使得GNF在光學(xué)、熱學(xué)、電學(xué)、力學(xué)等方面都具備優(yōu)異的性能,成為近年來(lái)的研究熱點(diǎn)。相比碳納米管(CNT),GNF具有更大的比表面積,因此,GNF在很多方面的性能優(yōu)于CNT。本文分別以聚苯乙烯(PS)和聚丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(AS)、聚丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)為基體,以GNF和CNT為導(dǎo)電填料,采用溶液混合法制備了一系列導(dǎo)電復(fù)合材料,通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn):PS復(fù)合材料中,CNT與基體相容性稍差,相界面明顯,有明顯pull-out效應(yīng);GNF與聚苯乙烯的相容性較好,填料與基體結(jié)合緊密,形成了良好的互穿網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。兩種填料加入基體后,都使體系的粘度(η*)、儲(chǔ)能模量(G')和損耗模量(G")隨填料量的增大而上升,GNF填充的復(fù)合材料具有較好的流變行為。通過(guò)導(dǎo)電性能分析發(fā)現(xiàn),兩種填料都在1.0 vol.%達(dá)到逾滲閾值,2.0 vol.%之后電導(dǎo)率基本穩(wěn)定,PS/CNT復(fù)合材料電導(dǎo)率最高達(dá)到0.1S/m,而PS/GNF復(fù)合材料最高達(dá)到0.16 S/m。PS/GNF復(fù)合材料表現(xiàn)出較好的力學(xué)性能和導(dǎo)熱性能,當(dāng)填料量為5vol.%時(shí),PS/GNF復(fù)合材料的熱導(dǎo)率高達(dá)0.88W/(m·K),而PS/CNT復(fù)合材料只有 0.56W/(m·K)。在AS復(fù)合材料體系中,由于AS的極性作用使之與填料表面的基團(tuán)發(fā)生相互作用,兩種填料均表現(xiàn)出較好的相容性,填料與基體結(jié)合緊密,分散均勻。由于AS與PS相似的結(jié)構(gòu)特性,兩者表現(xiàn)出及其相似的流變特性。由于強(qiáng)相互作用,兩種填料都在0.5vol.%達(dá)到導(dǎo)電逾滲閾值,2.0 vol.%之后隨填料量的加入電導(dǎo)率變化很小,填料量為5.0 vol.%時(shí),AS/CNT復(fù)合材料的電導(dǎo)率最高達(dá)到0.14 S/m,而AS/GNF復(fù)合材料的電導(dǎo)率為0.154 S/m。由于GNF巨大的比表面積優(yōu)勢(shì),當(dāng)填料量為5vol.%時(shí),AS/GNF復(fù)合材料的熱導(dǎo)率高達(dá)0.88W/(m·K),而AS/GNF復(fù)合材料只有0.44 W/(m·K)。隨填料量的增加復(fù)合材料的拉伸強(qiáng)度先減小后增大,沖擊強(qiáng)度出現(xiàn)相反變化趨勢(shì),AS/CNT復(fù)合材料表現(xiàn)出更好的力學(xué)性能。在ABS復(fù)合材料體系中采用了溶液混合法和熔融共混法相對(duì)比,SEM結(jié)果表明,利用溶液混合法制得的樣品,填料分散更好,CNT與ABS基體相容性較好,相界面模糊。GNF剝離得比較充分,均勻的穿插到基體中。溶液法所得樣品更高的粘度(η*)、儲(chǔ)能模量(G')、和損耗模量(G"),頻率依賴性較低。溶液法所制得的樣品具有更高的電導(dǎo)率,在3vol%時(shí),兩種方法所得ABS/CNT復(fù)合材料的電導(dǎo)率相差3個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)。在2 vol.%時(shí),溶液法所得ABS/GNF復(fù)合材料的熱導(dǎo)率為0.62 W/(m·K),而熔融共混法所得ABS/GNF復(fù)合材料的熱導(dǎo)率僅有0.47 W/(m·K)。熔融混合法所得的樣品均表現(xiàn)出較好的力學(xué)性能和熱穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:Filled composite conductive plastic is an ideal antistatic, electromagnetic shielding material, widely used in portable power supply, plastic chips, robots, monitors, life sciences, aerospace and solar energy, etc. It is considered to be one of the most promising polymer materials. Because of its unique two-dimensional structure, GNF has excellent optical, thermal, electrical and mechanical properties. It has become a hot research topic in recent years. Compared with CNT, GNF has a larger specific surface area. In this paper, polyacrylonitrile-styrene copolymers, polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers and polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers were used as matrix and GNF and CNT as conductive fillers, respectively. A series of conductive composites were prepared by solution mixing method. It was found that the compatibility between pull-out and matrix was slightly poor, the phase interface was obvious, and the compatibility between pull-out and polystyrene was obvious. A good interpenetrating network structure is formed. When the two fillers are added to the matrix, The viscosity (畏 _ (n), energy storage modulus (G _ (O)) and loss modulus (G ")) of the composites increased with the increase of filler content, and the rheological behavior of the composites filled with GNF was better than that with the increase of filler content. It was found from the analysis of electrical conductivity that the composites had good rheological behavior. The conductivity of PS- / CNT composites reached 0.1 S / m and that of PS/GNF composites reached 0.16 S / m.PS- / GNF composites with good mechanical properties and thermal conductivity after reaching the percolation threshold of 1.0 vol.% and 2.0 vol.%. When the filler content is 5 vol.%, the thermal conductivity of PS- / GNF composite is up to 0.88 W / m 路KN, while that of PS/CNT composite is only 0.56 W / m 路Ke. In as composite system, as polarity makes it interact with the group on the filler surface. Both kinds of fillers exhibit good compatibility, and they are closely bound to the matrix and dispersed uniformly. Due to the similar structural characteristics of as and PS, the two fillers exhibit similar rheological properties, and because of the strong interaction, the two fillers exhibit similar rheological properties. The conductivity of both kinds of fillers changed little with the addition of fillers, when the conductivity of both fillers reached the percolation threshold of 0.5 vol.% and 2.0 vol.%. When the filler is 5.0 vol.%, the electrical conductivity of AS-CNT composites is 0.14 S / m, while that of AS/GNF composites is 0.154 S / m. Due to the large specific surface area advantage of GNF, The thermal conductivity of AS-GNF composites is up to 0.88 W / m 路K ~ (-1), while that of AS/GNF composites is only 0.44 W / m 路K ~ (-1). The tensile strength of AS-GNF composites decreases first and then increases with the increase of filler content. The impact strength of AS-CNT composites showed a reverse trend. The results of solution mixing method and melt blending method in ABS composites showed that the samples obtained by solution mixing method showed better mechanical properties. The better the dispersion of filler is, the better the compatibility between CNT and ABS matrix is, and the fuzziness of phase interface. The samples obtained by the solution method have higher viscosity (畏 _ (n), storage modulus (G ~ (+)), and loss modulus (G "), lower frequency dependence. The samples prepared by the solution method have higher electrical conductivity, and the samples obtained by the solution method have higher electrical conductivity at 3 volg%. The conductivity of ABS/CNT composites obtained by the two methods is 3 orders of magnitude difference. The thermal conductivity of ABS/GNF composites obtained by solution method was 0.62 W / m 路KN, while that of ABS/GNF composites obtained by melt blending method was only 0.47 W / m 路KN. The samples obtained by melt mixing method showed good mechanical properties and thermal stability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ324.8;TB332

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