本文選題：海膽狀　切入點(diǎn)：過(guò)渡金屬氧化物　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：海膽狀是由納米片層相互交錯(cuò)形成的一種具有類似海膽的結(jié)構(gòu)。近十年里,海膽狀過(guò)渡金屬氧化物由于其在催化、傳感、吸附、能源等領(lǐng)域的廣泛應(yīng)用而受到很大的關(guān)注。本論文三章實(shí)驗(yàn)部分均以水熱法為基本合成方法,在此基礎(chǔ)上分別通過(guò)模板法、摻雜法、復(fù)合法得到具有海膽狀形貌的目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物。本論文利用簡(jiǎn)單的水熱法成功合成出海膽狀二氧化錳(MnO_2);海膽狀銅摻雜氧化鋅(Cu-ZnO);海膽狀氧化銅與二氧化鈰的復(fù)合物(CuO-Ce02)三種材料。同時(shí)通過(guò)X射線電子衍射儀(XRD),掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM),透射電子顯微鏡(TEM),X射線光電子能譜(XPS),傅里葉紅外光譜(FTIR),熱重分析儀(TG)等儀器對(duì)這三種材料進(jìn)行表征,并分別研究了它們?cè)诔?jí)電容器、光學(xué)、吸附等領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。具體內(nèi)容如下:1、海膽狀二氧化錳的水熱合成及其超級(jí)電容器的性質(zhì)研究以不同種類的碳酸錳為模板,用高錳酸鉀作為刻蝕劑采用高溫水熱法一步合成出目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物。通過(guò)SEM、FTIR、XRD等測(cè)試手段對(duì)合成產(chǎn)物的形貌、組成和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征,并測(cè)試了以不同碳酸錳為模板合成出的二氧化錳的比表面積及超級(jí)電容器性質(zhì)。結(jié)果表明兩種不同模板合成出的二氧化錳具有不同的形貌結(jié)構(gòu),分別為豆渣狀和海膽狀。海膽狀二氧化錳的比表面積略大于豆渣狀二氧化錳,并且海膽狀二氧化錳具有較好的電容性質(zhì)與電化學(xué)循環(huán)性能。2、海膽狀銅摻雜氧化鋅的水熱合成及其性質(zhì)研究以硝酸鋅為主要原料,尿素為沉淀劑,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)為表面活性劑,硝酸銅為摻雜材料利用水熱-鍛燒法合成出目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物。利用SEM、XRD、XPS、TG等測(cè)試手段對(duì)合成產(chǎn)物的形貌、組成和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征,并分別測(cè)試了目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物的光學(xué)性質(zhì)及比表面積。結(jié)果表明銅元素的摻入使氧化鋅的比表面積有所增大;光吸收的范圍有所增大;熒光強(qiáng)度有所增強(qiáng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)中改變了摻入硝酸銅的質(zhì)量進(jìn)而得出了不同質(zhì)量銅元素的摻入對(duì)氧化鋅形貌的影響。3、海膽狀氧化銅與二氧化鈰復(fù)合物的水熱合成及其吸附性質(zhì)研究以硝酸鈰與硫酸銅為主要原料,尿素為沉淀劑,在水與乙二醇的混合溶劑中通過(guò)水熱法合成出具有海膽狀結(jié)構(gòu)的氧化銅-二氧化鈰復(fù)合材料,在相同的條件下只加入單一金屬鹽合成出單體氧化銅與二氧化鈰。利用SEM、TEM、XRD、XPS、TG等測(cè)試手段對(duì)合成出的復(fù)合物與單體進(jìn)行形貌、組成、結(jié)構(gòu)的表征,并分別研究了單一材料氧化銅、二氧化鈰、氧化銅-二氧化鈰復(fù)合材料對(duì)甲基藍(lán)與剛果紅兩種染料的吸附速率。結(jié)果表明具有海膽狀的氧化銅-二氧化鈰復(fù)合材料表現(xiàn)出比單體更好的吸附性能。
[Abstract]:Sea urchin is a kind of structure with sea urchin like sea urchin, which is formed by the interlacing of nanoscale layers. In the last decade, sea urchin transition metal oxide has been catalyzing, sensing and adsorbing. The extensive application of energy and other fields has attracted great attention. In the third chapter of this paper, hydrothermal method is used as the basic synthesis method, and on this basis, template method and doping method are adopted respectively. In this thesis, three kinds of sea urchin type manganese dioxide manganese dioxide MNO _ 2O _ 2, sea urchin copper doped zinc oxide Cu-ZnO _ (2), sea urchin copper oxide and cerium oxide complex CuO-Ce02 have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. Materials. At the same time, the three materials were characterized by X-ray electron diffractometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG), etc. Their applications in supercapacitors, optics, adsorption and so on were studied respectively. The specific contents are as follows: 1. Hydrothermal synthesis of sea urchin manganese dioxide and the properties of supercapacitors are studied using different kinds of manganese carbonate as templates. The target product was synthesized by high temperature hydrothermal method using potassium permanganate as etching agent. The morphology, composition and structure of the product were characterized by means of SEM FTIR XRD. The specific surface area and supercapacitor properties of manganese dioxide synthesized from different manganese carbonate templates were tested. The results showed that the manganese dioxide synthesized by two different templates had different morphology and structure. The specific surface area of sea urchin manganese dioxide is slightly larger than that of bean dregs manganese dioxide. And the sea urchin manganese dioxide has good capacitive property and electrochemical cycling performance. The hydrothermal synthesis and properties of urchin copper doped zinc oxide are studied. Zinc nitrate is the main raw material and urea is the precipitant. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as surfactant and copper nitrate as doping material to synthesize the target product by hydrothermal calcination method. The morphology, composition and structure of the synthesized product were characterized by means of SEMX XRDX XPSV TG and so on. The optical properties and specific surface area of the target products were measured respectively. The results showed that the specific surface area of zinc oxide was increased and the range of light absorption was increased with the addition of copper. In the experiment, the quality of copper nitrate was changed and the influence of different mass of copper on the morphology of zinc oxide was obtained. 3. Hydrothermal synthesis and absorption of sea urchin copper oxide and cerium dioxide complex. The properties of cerium nitrate and copper sulfate were studied. Copper oxide and cerium oxide composites with sea urchin structure were synthesized by hydrothermal method in the mixed solvent of water and ethylene glycol with urea as precipitant. Under the same conditions, the monomer copper oxide and cerium oxide were synthesized by adding only a single metal salt. The morphology, composition and structure of the synthesized composite and monomer were characterized by SEMTEMTEMX XRDX XPSTG, and the single material copper oxide was studied, respectively. The adsorption rate of methyl blue and Congo red dyes in cerium oxide, copper oxide and cerium oxide composites was studied. The results showed that the adsorption rate of cerium oxide and cerium oxide composites with sea urchin shape was better than that of monomers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.1;TB33

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 E.D.Sherly;J.Judith Vijaya;L.John Kennedy;;氧化鋅-氧化銅納米復(fù)合物可見(jiàn)光誘導(dǎo)光催化降解2,4-二氯酚性能（英文）[J];催化學(xué)報(bào);2015年08期

2 顧賢睿;李昊;劉禮晨;湯常金;高飛;董林;;Promotional effect of CO pretreatment on CuO/CeO_2 catalyst for catalytic reduction of NO by CO[J];Journal of Rare Earths;2014年02期

，

本文編號(hào)：1629669