本文選題：大豆油　切入點(diǎn)：PC5水合硅膠　出處：《福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：大豆油是人們最常食用的植物油脂,消耗的量也是最多的。經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢的飛速發(fā)展,人們生活水平的提升提高對食用植物油脂的品質(zhì)的要求。特別是對油脂色澤的直觀表現(xiàn)尤為重視。本研究在基于原有的油脂精煉過程中的脫色工藝研究,探討使用新型的脫色劑PC5水合硅膠與活性白土對于油脂脫色工藝效果影響;探討金屬離子(Cu2+,Fe3+,Fe2+),磷脂和皂對油脂脫色工藝效果的影響;探索使用新型脫色劑PC5水合硅膠對油脂中的金屬離子,皂的吸附性強(qiáng)于活性白土,搭配活性白土復(fù)合使用情況,研究新型脫色工序。通過上述研究達(dá)到提高脫色效率以及延緩油脂回色現(xiàn)象的目的。研究表明適當(dāng)?shù)腜C5水合硅膠作為脫色劑能有效的提高油脂脫色效果,延緩油脂回色現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生。研究將考察因素(金屬離子Fe2+,Fe3+,Cu2+,磷脂,皂)添加到帶脫色油中,通過采用不同的脫色方法考察因素對油脂脫色以及油脂回色的效果影響。結(jié)果表明:考察因素金屬離子,磷脂,皂對油脂脫色及油脂回色都有一定程度的影響,磷脂的影響程度最大,皂的影響程度最小。PC5水合硅膠對磷脂的吸附性較差,導(dǎo)致脫色油中的磷脂含量較高,磷脂在儲存條件下有氧化從而影響油脂色澤。PC5水合硅膠對皂的吸附性強(qiáng),而且皂含量對油脂回色的影響程度小。研究驗(yàn)證了 PC5水合硅膠活性白土聯(lián)合脫色法的脫色效果顯著,并探索油脂中部分成分對脫色工序的影響程度,設(shè)計實(shí)驗(yàn)研究探討了反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時間、PC5水合硅膠添加量、活性白土添加量對油脂脫色效果研究從而得到最佳油脂脫色生產(chǎn)工藝。在單因素的基礎(chǔ)上,選取反應(yīng)時間、反應(yīng)溫度、活性白土添加量、PC5水合硅膠添加量四個因素為自變量,進(jìn)行Box-Behnken試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化結(jié)果。得到脫色率(R)與反應(yīng)溫度(A)、反應(yīng)時間(B)、PC5水合硅膠添加量(C)、活性白土添加量(D)之間的二次多項(xiàng)回歸方程為R=86 + 0.48A+ 0.20B + 0.56C + 0.36D + 0.025AB-0.075AC-0.10AD-0.050BC + 0.18BD + 0.000CD-0.97A2-0.067B2-0.076C2-0.86D2通過該方程獲得PC5水合硅膠活性白土聯(lián)合脫色法對大豆油脫色工藝中的最優(yōu)方案為:反應(yīng)溫度91°C、反應(yīng)時間25min、PC5水合硅膠添加量0.15%、活性白土添加量2%。所得到的脫色率的平均值為86.1%,與預(yù)測值只相差了 0.12%。
[Abstract]:Soybean oil is the most common vegetable oil consumed by people, and the amount consumed is the most. The rapid development of the economic situation, The improvement of people's living standard improves the quality of edible vegetable oils, especially the intuitive performance of oil color. This study is based on the original oil refining process of decolorization. The effects of new decolorizing agent PC5 hydrated silica gel and activated clay on the decolorization of oil and grease were discussed, and the effects of metal ions such as Cu _ 2, Fe _ 3 and Fe _ 2, phospholipids and soap on the decolorization of oil and grease were discussed. To explore the use of a new decolorizing agent PC5 hydrated silica gel for metal ions in oils and fats, the absorbability of soap is stronger than that of activated clay. The purpose of improving the decolorization efficiency and delaying the recovery of oil was studied. The results showed that the suitable PC5 hydrated silica gel as decolorizing agent could effectively improve the decolorization effect of oil and grease. In this study, the factors (metal ions Fe2, Fe _ 3, Cu _ 2, phospholipid, soap) were added to the decolorized oil. The effects of different decolorization factors on the decolorization of oil and grease were investigated by using different decolorization methods. The results showed that metal ions, phospholipid and soap had a certain degree of influence on the decolorization of oil and oil. The influence of phospholipid was the biggest, the influence of soap was the least. The adsorption of phospholipid was poor by PC5 hydrated silica gel, which resulted in the higher content of phospholipid in decolorizing oil. Phospholipid was oxidized under storage condition, which affected the adsorption of oil color. PC5 hydrated silica gel, and the content of soap had little effect on oil color recovery. The study proved that the decolorization effect of PC5 hydrated silica gel activated clay combined with decolorization method was remarkable. The effect of some components in oil on decolorization process was investigated. The reaction temperature, reaction time and the amount of PC5 hydrated silica gel were designed and studied. On the basis of single factor, four factors, such as reaction time, reaction temperature and amount of PC5 hydrated silica gel, were selected as independent variables. The optimized results of Box-Behnken test showed that the quadratic regression equation between decolorization rate (R) and reaction temperature, reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction time and amount of silica gel hydrated by BX PC5 and active clay admixture (D) were as follows: RC86 0.48A 0.20B 0.56C 0.36D 0.025AB-0.075AC-0.10AD-0.050BC 0.18BD 0.18BD 0.000CD-0.97A2-67B2-0.076C2-0.86D2 through this equation, the equation was obtained by means of the equation: RC86 0.48A 0.20B 0.56C 0.36D 0.025AB-0.075AC-0.10AD-0.050BC 0.18BD 0.18BD. The optimal decolorization of soybean oil by PC5 hydrated silica gel combined with activated clay decolorization is as follows: reaction temperature 91 擄C, reaction time 25 min, adding amount of PC5 hydrated silica gel 0.15 and active clay 2. The average decolorization rate is 86.1. The predicted value is only 0.12.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS224.6

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