本文關(guān)鍵詞： 數(shù)控銑齒機(jī) 螺旋錐齒輪 有限元分析 Isight集成 多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：螺旋錐齒輪具有良好的機(jī)械性能,因此被廣泛應(yīng)用于各個(gè)工業(yè)制造領(lǐng)域。由于螺旋錐齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)特殊,其齒形要保證較高精度,因此對(duì)螺旋錐齒輪加工機(jī)床的精度也有特別高的要求。本文研究的螺旋錐齒輪專(zhuān)用銑齒機(jī)是基于一種切齒新方法而研制的,該機(jī)床能夠加工出具有較高精度的球面漸開(kāi)線(xiàn)齒形螺旋錐齒輪。該機(jī)床是在普通銑床的基礎(chǔ)上增加了數(shù)控回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)和主軸調(diào)整回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)而研制的,因此機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜,自重較大。由于長(zhǎng)期使用,使機(jī)床在加工過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)了震顫現(xiàn)象,對(duì)所加工齒輪的精度產(chǎn)生了一定影響,因此本文基于ANSYS Workbench軟件對(duì)該機(jī)床進(jìn)行有限元?jiǎng)屿o態(tài)分析,并基于Isight軟件對(duì)機(jī)床進(jìn)行多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),旨在提高機(jī)床的整體靜剛度和動(dòng)態(tài)性能,相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用于后期對(duì)機(jī)床的改造中。本文主要完成的內(nèi)容如下:(1)概述了螺旋錐齒輪加工機(jī)床的發(fā)展歷程以及當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,介紹了結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的意義和發(fā)展歷程,根據(jù)螺旋錐齒輪專(zhuān)用銑齒機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),明確了需要進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的部分。(2)根據(jù)螺旋錐齒輪專(zhuān)用銑齒機(jī)的實(shí)際尺寸及結(jié)構(gòu)特征,在CATIA軟件中對(duì)其進(jìn)行三維參數(shù)化建模。研究機(jī)床的有限元?jiǎng)屿o態(tài)分析方法,以及多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法,并根據(jù)螺旋錐齒輪專(zhuān)用銑齒機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),確定本文進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)及多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的具體方法,奠定本文研究的理論基礎(chǔ)。(3)建立螺旋錐齒輪專(zhuān)用銑齒機(jī)的有限元模型,計(jì)算有限元分析的載荷,施加適當(dāng)約束條件,并對(duì)模型的絲杠和螺栓等進(jìn)行有限元分析的前處理。(4)通過(guò)對(duì)螺旋錐齒輪專(zhuān)用銑齒機(jī)的床身和立柱及主軸箱部分進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)分析、模態(tài)分析以及諧響應(yīng)分析,找到正常工作狀況下機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)主要為床身及立柱部分,并將其作為后期多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化對(duì)象。(5)基于Isight軟件,對(duì)螺旋錐齒輪專(zhuān)用銑齒機(jī)進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)和多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),在保證質(zhì)量不增加的前提下,優(yōu)化各個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)變量,達(dá)到了降低最大變形量和提高首階固有頻率的優(yōu)化目標(biāo)。最后,對(duì)優(yōu)化前和優(yōu)化后的有限元模型進(jìn)行動(dòng)靜態(tài)分析,通過(guò)對(duì)比性能指標(biāo)驗(yàn)證了本文的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)獲得了明顯的優(yōu)化效果。
[Abstract]:Spiral bevel gears have good mechanical properties, so they are widely used in various industrial manufacturing fields. Because of the special structure of spiral bevel gears, the tooth shape of spiral bevel gears should be guaranteed to be of high accuracy. Therefore, the precision of spiral bevel gear machining machine is also very high. The special milling machine for spiral bevel gear studied in this paper is based on a new tooth cutting method. This machine can produce spherical involute spiral bevel gear with high accuracy. This machine is developed by adding numerical control rotary table and spindle adjusting rotating mechanism on the basis of ordinary milling machine, so the structure of the machine is more complex. Because of the long-term use, the machine tool appears tremor phenomenon in the process of machining, which has a certain influence on the precision of the machined gear. Therefore, the finite element dynamic and static analysis of the machine tool based on ANSYS Workbench software is carried out in this paper. In order to improve the static stiffness and dynamic performance of the machine tool, the multi-objective optimization design of the machine tool is carried out based on Isight software. The corresponding optimization data are applied to the transformation of machine tools in the later stage. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) the development history of spiral bevel gear machining machine tools and the present development situation at home and abroad are summarized. This paper introduces the significance and development course of structural optimization design. According to the structural characteristics of special milling machine for spiral bevel gear, the part that needs to be optimized for structural design is defined. According to the actual dimensions and structural characteristics of special milling machine for spiral bevel gear, The 3D parameterized modeling is carried out in CATIA software. The finite element dynamic and static analysis method of machine tool and the multi-objective optimization design method are studied, and according to the structural characteristics of the special milling machine for spiral bevel gear, The concrete method of experiment design and multi-objective optimization design is determined in this paper. The theoretical foundation of this paper is established. The finite element model of special milling machine for spiral bevel gear is established, the load of finite element analysis is calculated, and the appropriate constraint condition is imposed. The preprocessing of finite element analysis for the lead screw and bolt of the model. (4) through the static analysis, modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the bed, column and spindle box of the special milling machine for spiral bevel gear, Find out that the weak link of machine tool structure under normal working condition is mainly bed and column, and take it as multi-objective optimization object in the later stage. Based on Isight software, the experiment design and multi-objective optimization design of spiral bevel gear special gear milling machine are carried out. In order to reduce the maximum deformation and increase the natural frequency of the first order, the design variables are optimized without increasing the quality. Finally, the dynamic and static analysis of the finite element model before and after the optimization is carried out. The multi-objective optimization design of this paper has been proved to be effective by comparing the performance index.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG659

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