本文關鍵詞： 超低排放 SCR脫硝系統(tǒng) 布袋除塵器的改造 石灰石-石膏濕式脫硫改造 風機阻力復核　出處：《山東大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：2010年以來國家煙氣污染物減排工作不斷推進,燃煤火力發(fā)電機組在減排實施過程中,逐步形成并完善了脫硝、除塵、脫硫超低排放的技術(shù)改革,從而使得發(fā)電設備在運行過程中產(chǎn)生的煙氣污染物的排放指標達到預期值。由于燃煤品號、熱值、燃燒形成的污染物含量以及燃煤鍋爐機組參數(shù)、脫硝除塵脫硫容量各不相同,每一臺機組實現(xiàn)"超低排放"的系統(tǒng)技術(shù)工藝、經(jīng)濟效益、環(huán)保社會效益等方面存在較大差異,因此針對每臺機組的超低排放研究成為近期本領域的熱點。本文首先查閱相關文獻,對火力發(fā)電廠超低排放的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及工藝路線、最新研究進行了相關介紹�；诟焕瓲柣鶡犭姀S一期"上大壓小"擴建工程,本文對原設計SCR脫硝工程、五室布袋除塵器設備、石灰石-石膏濕式脫硫工藝系統(tǒng)進行分析論證,并查找原設計指標與"超低排放"標準的差距與改進點。在滿足排放指標要求的前提下,盡量利用現(xiàn)已建成設施,本著盡量少拆、節(jié)約投資的原則,制定出一套超低排放達標、兼具經(jīng)濟性的最佳方案。本文分別詳述了在該工程超低排放改造中降低NOx、煙塵和SO_2排放的工藝路線:1、原有SCR脫硝系統(tǒng)增加催化劑層的兩種改進方式進行經(jīng)濟性對比從而優(yōu)選;2、五室布袋除塵器改造七室布袋除塵器使煙塵排放達到超低排放指標和脫硫后增加濕式靜電除塵器兩種方案在設計建造及經(jīng)濟性對比從而優(yōu)選對煙塵進行超低排放改造;3、脫硫系統(tǒng)增加一層噴淋層以達到復核煤種超低排放達標的目的。4、對引風機系統(tǒng)進行了相對應的改造技術(shù)參數(shù)復核工作。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),方案一將原SCR催化劑模塊增加到新設計高度、原五室布袋除塵器改為七室、在原脫硫吸收塔內(nèi)增加一層噴淋,和方案二:將原SCR催化劑增加一層催化劑、五室布袋除塵器不變,在脫硫后增加濕式靜電除塵器、脫硫增加一層噴淋,均能達到"超低排放"改造需求。綜合工程建設經(jīng)濟性及對工程進度、施工要求和配套設施等因素,本研究對兩套方案的投資成本和技術(shù)實施可行性進行了論證,最終選定方案一為本工程超低排放的優(yōu)選方案。目前,本工程已按此超低排放改造方案實施,在建造過程中按照超低排放工藝要求高標準建設并達到經(jīng)濟性最優(yōu)。根據(jù)此次改造的工藝選擇,在今后的生產(chǎn)運營過程中本工程將實現(xiàn)NOx排放≤50mg/Nm3、煙塵排放≤5mg/Nm3、SO_2排放≤35mg/Nm3的排放指標。本文以富熱電項目超低排放改造方案選定為研究方向,能夠為東北地區(qū)褐煤爐型機組超低排放改造提供借鑒經(jīng)驗。本工程"超低排放"改造的實施,相應國家燃煤電廠節(jié)能減排方針。為齊齊哈爾市乃至黑龍江省經(jīng)濟建設的可持續(xù)發(fā)展做出貢獻,對改善齊齊哈爾市居民的生活質(zhì)量也將起到積極的促進作用,同時改造工程產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境效益、經(jīng)濟效益及社會效益十分顯著。后續(xù),我們將根據(jù)運行參數(shù),進一步驗證其實際運營效果。
[Abstract]:Since 2010, the national emission reduction of flue gas pollutants has been continuously promoted. During the implementation of the emission reduction of coal-fired thermal power units, the technological reform of denitrification, dust removal, desulfurization and ultra-low emissions has been formed and perfected step by step. As a result, the emission index of flue gas pollutants produced during the operation of power generation equipment reaches the expected value. Due to the number of coal, the calorific value, the content of pollutants formed by combustion and the parameters of coal-fired boiler unit, the capacity of denitrification and dedusting and desulphurization are different. There are great differences in the system technology, economic benefits, environmental protection and social benefits of realizing "ultra-low emission" for each unit. Therefore, the research on ultra-low emission of each unit has become a hot spot in this field in the near future. First of all, this paper refers to the relevant literature, the domestic and foreign research status and technological route of ultra-low emission in thermal power plants. Based on the expansion project of "large pressure and small pressure" in the first phase of Fullerji Thermal Power Plant, this paper analyzes and demonstrates the original design of SCR denitrification project, five-chamber bag dust collector equipment, limestone gypsum wet desulfurization process system. And find out the difference and improvement point between the original design index and the standard of "ultra low emission". On the premise of meeting the requirement of emission target, we can make use of the existing facilities as far as possible, and in the principle of minimizing demolition and saving investment, we can work out a set of ultra-low emission standard. In this paper, the process route of reducing no _ x, soot and SO_2 emissions in the ultra-low emission revamp of the project is described in detail. The two improvement ways of adding catalyst layer to the original SCR denitrification system are analyzed. The improvement of bag Precipitator in Seven rooms so that the discharge of smoke can reach the ultra-low emission target and the wet electrostatic precipitator is added after desulphurization two schemes are compared in design construction and economy so as to optimize the selection of soot dust in the design and construction of the wet electrostatic precipitator with the addition of wet electrostatic precipitator after desulphurization. In order to meet the goal of rechecking the ultra-low emission of coal by adding a spray layer to the desulphurization system, the retrofit technical parameters of the induced fan system are reviewed. The first plan is to add the original SCR catalyst module to the new design height, the original five-compartment bag dust collector will be changed into seven chambers, and the original desulfurization absorber will be added with a layer of spray, and scheme two: the original SCR catalyst will be added with one layer of catalyst, and the five-compartment bag dust collector will remain unchanged. Adding wet electrostatic precipitator after desulphurization and adding a layer of spray to desulphurization can all meet the demand of "ultra-low discharge" transformation. The economy of comprehensive project construction and the factors such as the progress of the project, construction requirements and supporting facilities can be achieved. In this study, the investment cost and the feasibility of technical implementation of the two sets of schemes have been demonstrated. Finally, the first scheme has been selected as the optimal scheme of ultra-low emission of the project. At present, the project has been implemented according to this ultra-low emission transformation scheme. In the construction process according to the ultra-low emission process requirements high standards of construction and achieve economic optimization. According to the process selection of this transformation, In the process of production and operation in the future, the project will realize the emission targets of NOx 鈮，

本文編號：1511281