本文關(guān)鍵詞： 小球藻 污水處理 市政污水 藻菌共生　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：微藻對(duì)不同濃度的污水具有良好的耐受性,并且能夠在處理污水過程中獲得高附加值產(chǎn)物,不同于傳統(tǒng)污水處理技術(shù)和高端處理設(shè)備,利用微藻處理污水有望實(shí)現(xiàn)污水處理過程中的“收支平衡”,微藻不僅易于培養(yǎng),在處理污水過程中還能減少碳排放。許多研究證明微藻在處理人工合成污水或者在室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,均對(duì)小體積的污水有較好的處理效果,然而這些研究距離微藻處理污水產(chǎn)業(yè)化要求還有較大差距。本課題選用一株對(duì)污水耐受性好,生長(zhǎng)迅速,吸收氮磷能力強(qiáng)的小球藻(Chlorella zofingiensis),研究其在在室外自然光條件下大規(guī)模處理污水處理廠尾水及市政污水的效果,并考察了其在處理污水時(shí)的產(chǎn)油能力,綜合評(píng)估該株藻應(yīng)用于城市污水處理并實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化的潛力。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及研究結(jié)果如下:(1)對(duì)小球藻生長(zhǎng)條件優(yōu)化的探究得出,小球藻的生長(zhǎng)最佳接種OD為1.2,通氣量為1L·min-1,而且在光生物反應(yīng)器厚度為1cm時(shí),小球藻對(duì)尾水的處理效果最好,總氮、總磷的去除率分別達(dá)96.6%、97.7%;(2)在室外大型平板式光生物反應(yīng)器中對(duì)活性污泥法出水進(jìn)行小球藻的批次培養(yǎng)處理,夏季實(shí)驗(yàn)總磷可以處理至0.06mg·L-1去除率為78.96%,冬季實(shí)驗(yàn)總磷處理至0.29mg·L-1,去除率87.64%,兩次實(shí)驗(yàn)的COD的去除率分別為72.13%和66.74%,最高可獲得0.43g·L-1的生物量,油脂含量為25.57%。(3)在室外大型平板式光生物反應(yīng)器中對(duì)市政污水進(jìn)行小球藻的批次培養(yǎng)處理,春季和夏季實(shí)驗(yàn)中對(duì)氨氮的最終去除率分別為94.05%和99.86%,對(duì)總氮的最終去除率為91.73%和99.73%,COD的去除率分別為86.55%和78.72%,BOD5的去除率分別達(dá)89.87%和83.38%。市政污水中碳源充足,小球藻對(duì)總氮的去除相較于處理尾水的效果有顯著的提升。(4)為提高小球藻對(duì)有機(jī)物的去除率,加入活性污泥中的好氧菌與小球藻構(gòu)建藻菌共生體系處理污水,根據(jù)不同藻菌比例做藻菌共生實(shí)驗(yàn),測(cè)定小球藻的生長(zhǎng)情況得出最佳藻菌混合比例為藻:菌=10:1;在室內(nèi)進(jìn)行10:1藻菌共生處理原水,氨氮去除率最高達(dá)96.61%,總氮達(dá)85.16%,總磷24h內(nèi)處理率達(dá)95.87%,而且最高可收獲0.92g·L-1的生物量。(5)在室外大型平板式光生物反應(yīng)器中對(duì)市政污水進(jìn)行藻菌共生體系的批次培養(yǎng)處理,并與獨(dú)立小球藻系統(tǒng)處理污水進(jìn)行比較。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示氨氮處理率達(dá)96.61%,總氮處理率達(dá)85.16%,總磷處理率達(dá)95.87%,而且相較于獨(dú)立小球藻系統(tǒng)能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)得到更好的脫氮除磷效果,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí)可收獲0.45g·L-1的干物質(zhì)。小球藻不僅能處理活性污泥法出水也能在不同氣候條件下對(duì)市政污水有良好的處理效果,藻菌共生相對(duì)于小球藻在同樣的處理時(shí)間內(nèi)能得到更好的處理效果,小球藻在污水處理應(yīng)用上有巨大的潛力。
[Abstract]:Microalgae have good tolerance to different concentrations of sewage, and can obtain high value-added products in the process of sewage treatment, which is different from the traditional sewage treatment technology and high-end treatment equipment. Using microalgae to treat sewage is expected to achieve "budget balance" in the process of sewage treatment, microalgae are not only easy to cultivate, Many studies have shown that microalgae have better effects on treating small volumes of sewage in the treatment of synthetic sewage or in laboratory experiments. However, there is still a big gap between these studies and the industrialization requirements of microalgae wastewater treatment. Chlorella zofingiensis (Chlorella zofingiensis), which has strong nitrogen and phosphorus absorption ability, was used to study the effect of large-scale treatment of sewage treatment plant tail water and municipal sewage under outdoor natural light conditions, and the oil production capacity of Chlorella zofingiensis was investigated. The main contents and results of this study are as follows: 1) the optimization of the growth conditions of Chlorella vulgaris was studied. The optimum inoculation of Chlorella vulgaris was 1.2, the aeration rate was 1L 路min-1, and when the thickness of photobioreactor was 1cm, Chlorella vulgaris had the best effect on the treatment of tail water, and the total nitrogen was the best. The removal rate of total phosphorus reached 96.6and 97.7g / 2 respectively) the effluent from activated sludge process was treated by batch culture of Chlorella vulgaris in an outdoor large plate photobioreactor. The removal rate of total phosphorus was 78.96 mg 路L ~ (-1) in summer, 0.29 mg 路L ~ (-1) in winter, and 87.64% in winter. The COD removal rates of the two experiments were 72.13% and 66.74, respectively. The highest biomass of 0.43 g 路L ~ (-1) was obtained. The oil content was 25.57%.) the municipal sewage was cultured in lots of chlorella in outdoor flat-plate photobioreactor. In spring and summer experiments, the final removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen were 94.05% and 99.86, respectively, and the final removal rates of total nitrogen and total nitrogen were 91.73% and 99.73, respectively. The removal rates of BOD5 and BOD5 were 86.55% and 78.72, respectively. In order to improve the removal rate of organic matter by Chlorella vulgaris, aerobic bacteria and Chlorella microphylla were added to the activated sludge to construct a symbiotic system of algal bacteria to treat wastewater. According to the experiment of algae symbiosis with different proportion of algae, the growth of Chlorella microphylla was determined. The best proportion of algal bacteria was alga: 10: 1; the raw water was treated by symbiotic treatment of 10: 1. The highest removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 96.61%, the total nitrogen reached 85.16%, the total phosphorus treatment rate reached 95.87 in 24 hours, and the highest yield was 0.92g 路L ~ (-1) biomass. The experimental results showed that ammonia nitrogen treatment rate was 96.61%, total nitrogen treatment rate was 85.16%, total phosphorus treatment rate was 95.877.In addition, compared with independent Chlorella vulgaris system, nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency was better than that of independent Chlorella vulgaris system in a short time, the results showed that ammonia nitrogen treatment rate reached 96.61%, total nitrogen treatment rate reached 85.16% and total phosphorus treatment rate reached 95.87%. At the end of the experiment, the dry matter of 0.45 g 路L -1 can be harvested. Chlorella vulgaris can not only treat the effluent from activated sludge process but also treat municipal sewage under different climatic conditions. Compared with Chlorella vulgaris, algae symbiosis can get better treatment effect in the same treatment time, and Chlorella microphylla has great potential in sewage treatment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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