本文關(guān)鍵詞： 竹葉椒 精油 成分分析 抗氧化 抗疲勞 凝神　出處：《湖北民族學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文以蕓香科花椒屬植物竹葉椒的果實(shí)為材料對(duì)其精油提取工藝以及功能性進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)研究,主要結(jié)果如下:1.采取水蒸氣蒸餾法,通過(guò)單因素及正交試驗(yàn)對(duì)竹葉椒果實(shí)精油進(jìn)行提取工藝優(yōu)化,得出最佳提取工藝為料液比1:30,蒸餾時(shí)間100 min,微波輔助時(shí)間2.0 min,在最佳提取工藝條件下竹葉椒果實(shí)精油得率為4.01%。其中微波輔助時(shí)間對(duì)竹葉椒果實(shí)精油得率影響最大,其次為蒸餾時(shí)間。2.采用GC-MS對(duì)竹葉椒果實(shí)精油進(jìn)行成分分析,通過(guò)分析鑒定出25種物質(zhì),主要為稀類物質(zhì)和醇類物質(zhì),其中主要成分有三種,分別為桉葉油醇(36.19%)、和萜品烯(21.31%)和3-蒈烯(8.45%)。3.選取了大腸桿菌、普通變形桿菌、產(chǎn)氣腸桿菌3種革蘭氏陰性細(xì)菌,枯草芽孢桿菌、膠質(zhì)芽孢桿菌、蠟狀芽孢桿菌、蘇云金芽孢桿菌、金黃色葡萄球菌5種革蘭氏陽(yáng)性細(xì)菌,以及酵母菌、根霉、米曲霉、曲霉、尖孢鐮刀菌5種真菌研究竹葉椒果實(shí)精油的抑菌效果,結(jié)果表明,竹葉椒果實(shí)精油對(duì)細(xì)菌的抑制具有廣譜性,且對(duì)革蘭氏陽(yáng)性細(xì)菌的抑制效果強(qiáng)于革蘭氏陰性細(xì)菌,對(duì)真菌的抑制作用不明顯。4.用提取的竹葉椒果實(shí)精油為材料,采用兩種熏香方式三種劑量處理小鼠,結(jié)果表明兩種方式的三個(gè)劑量對(duì)小鼠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽過(guò)氧化物酶(GSH-Px)均有提升作用,對(duì)丙二醛(MDA)含量有降低效果,且隨著劑量的增加都呈現(xiàn)良好的線性;中劑量和高劑量均達(dá)到顯著性差異,說(shuō)明在研究的劑量范圍內(nèi),竹葉椒果實(shí)精油對(duì)小鼠有很好的抗氧化效果�？蛊谠囼�(yàn)中,竹葉椒果實(shí)精油兩種處理方式對(duì)小負(fù)重游泳時(shí)間和爬桿時(shí)間均有增加作用,且中劑量和高劑量效果顯著,說(shuō)明對(duì)小鼠抗疲勞有很好的效果。通過(guò)觀測(cè)小鼠進(jìn)食后2小時(shí)內(nèi)的睡眠率可以發(fā)現(xiàn),精油熏香處理可以增加小鼠睡眠率,且隨著時(shí)間和劑量的增加效果更明顯。從處理方式來(lái)看,在試驗(yàn)劑量相同的情況下在抗氧化效果、抗疲勞程度、增進(jìn)睡眠方面加濕熏蒸法都比干熱熏蒸法效果好。5.通過(guò)上述提取工藝和處理方式的結(jié)果,總結(jié)出竹葉椒果實(shí)精油的微波輔助熏香裝置,針對(duì)廣大社會(huì)人群,具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,控制方便,條件溫和的特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the extraction technology and function of essential oil from the fruit of bamboo leaf pepper of Rutaceae were studied. The main results are as follows: 1. The extraction process of essential oil from bamboo leaf pepper fruit was optimized by single factor and orthogonal test. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: ratio of material to liquid 1: 30, distillation time 100 min, microwave assistant time 2.0 min. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the yield of essential oil of bamboo leaf pepper fruit was 4.01%, among which microwave assisted time had the greatest effect on the yield of essential oil of bamboo leaf pepper fruit. Secondly, distilling time. 2. The essential oil of bamboo leaf pepper fruit was analyzed by GC-MS, and 25 kinds of substances were identified, which were mainly dilute substances and alcohols, three of which were main components. E. coli, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus glia, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis. Five Gram-positive bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus, as well as yeast, Rhizopus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus sp., Fusarium oxysporum. The inhibitory effect of essential oil on bacteria was broad spectrum, and the inhibitory effect on Gram-positive bacteria was stronger than that on Gram-negative bacteria, and the inhibitory effect on fungi was not obvious .4.The extracted essential oil of bamboo leaf pepper fruit was used as material. Two kinds of incense fumigation and three doses of fumigation were used to treat mice. The results showed that the three dosages of two ways could enhance the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and decrease the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in mice. With the increase of dose, there was a good linearity and significant difference between middle dose and high dose, which indicated that the essential oil of bamboo leaf pepper fruit had a good antioxidation effect on mice in the range of the study, and the anti-fatigue test showed that in the anti-fatigue test, the essential oil of the fruit of Phyllostachys bungeanum had a good antioxidation effect. The two treatments of the essential oil of the fruit of bamboo leaf pepper increased the swimming time and the climbing time of small load, and the effect of middle and high dose was remarkable. By observing the sleep rate of mice within 2 hours after eating, it was found that essential oil fumigation could increase the sleep rate of mice. And with the increase of time and dose, the effect is more obvious. From the way of treatment, when the test dose is the same, the anti-oxidation effect, the degree of anti-fatigue, The humidification fumigation method is better than the dry heat fumigation method in improving sleep. 5. The microwave assisted fumigation device for the essential oil of bamboo leaf pepper fruit is summarized through the results of the above extraction technology and treatment method. Easy control and mild conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北民族學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ654.2

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