本文關(guān)鍵詞： 原位修復(fù)技術(shù) 凈化裝置 裝置啟動 正交試驗(yàn) 綜合評分　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水污染問題已經(jīng)成為制約我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要因素,且近年來河道水污染問題尤其突出。傳統(tǒng)河道治理及修復(fù)技術(shù)種類繁多,河道原位修復(fù)技術(shù)因其能實(shí)現(xiàn)在水體直接降解污染物而備受親睞。其中微生物技術(shù)具有運(yùn)行簡單、抗負(fù)荷能力強(qiáng)、適用性廣泛等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已成為國內(nèi)外研究的熱門。但常規(guī)技術(shù)往往存在投資較大、需要能耗、構(gòu)筑不靈活等缺點(diǎn),不適宜在中小河流開展應(yīng)用。在此背景下,本文擬開發(fā)研制一套無動力浸沒式河道水質(zhì)凈化裝置,使其具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡易、布設(shè)靈活方便、無能耗需求等特性,在實(shí)際開發(fā)運(yùn)用上,具有重要的實(shí)踐意義。本論文自行研制的凈水裝置包括生物膜載體、反應(yīng)固定器以及透水性半封閉端口三部分構(gòu)成。以該凈水裝置為研究對象,本文主要進(jìn)行三方面的試驗(yàn):1、自然條件下裝置啟動效果研究;2、a、b、c三種生物膜基質(zhì)(因素A),15cm、20cm、25cm三種反應(yīng)固定器管徑(因素B),40%、60、100%三種基質(zhì)裝填密度(因素C)條件下的正交實(shí)驗(yàn)研究;3、最優(yōu)化工藝組合參數(shù)的實(shí)際驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)研究。主要結(jié)論如下:(一)在平均CODCr濃度為59.39mg/L、平均NH4+-N濃度為7.52mg/L的進(jìn)水條件下,保持平均水溫為18.9℃,水力停留時(shí)間為3d,凈水裝置a、b、c均順利完成啟動,啟動時(shí)間在27～35天之間。成熟基質(zhì)的生物膜中,均含有大量藻類、均勻覆蓋的菌膠團(tuán)以及各種原生生物和后生動物。此時(shí),裝置a對CODCr、NH4+-N、TN、TP 的去除率分別為 45%、35%～40%、30%～35%、20%;裝置b 對 CODCr、NH4+-N、TN、TP 的去除率分別為 35%～40%、30%、25%、15%;裝置 c 對 CODCr、NH4+-N、TN、TP 的去除率分別 35%～40%、35%～40%、25%、15%。(二)從正交試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果來看,有機(jī)物去除方面,因素B和因素C對其去除效果影響較大,在A1B2C2工況下處理效果最好;除氮方面,A1B2C3工況對TN的去除效果最佳,A3B2C3工況對NH4+-N的處理效果最佳;除磷方面,A3B3C1工況對TP的處理效果最佳,A3B3C2工況對P043--P的去除效果最佳。(三)利用綜合評分法及綜合平衡法,結(jié)合各因素的極差分析,得到兩組可能的最優(yōu)組合參數(shù),其分別為A3B2C2和A3B2C3。進(jìn)一步對優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)的驗(yàn)證可得,A3B2C3工況綜合水質(zhì)處理效果優(yōu)于A3B2C2工況,且高于正交實(shí)驗(yàn)的九組實(shí)驗(yàn),在該工況下,達(dá)到45.8%的CODCr去除率,26.0%的CODMn去除率,22.3%的TN去除率,57.2%的NH4+-N去除率,18.0%的TP去除率以及14.4%的PO43--P去除率。綜合而言,從裝置的啟動、運(yùn)行、優(yōu)化的效果來看,本文自行研制的一體化凈水裝置具有實(shí)際的可行性及有效性。
[Abstract]:The problem of water pollution has become an important factor restricting the economic development of our country, and in recent years, the water pollution problem of river is especially prominent. River in situ remediation technology is popular for its ability to directly degrade pollutants in water body. Among them, microorganism technology has the advantages of simple operation, strong resistance to load, wide applicability and so on. It has become a hot research field at home and abroad. However, conventional technologies often have some disadvantages such as large investment, energy consumption, inflexible construction, etc., which are not suitable for application in small and medium-sized rivers. In this paper, a set of water quality purification device without power immersion is developed, which has the characteristics of simple structure, flexible and convenient arrangement, no energy consumption and so on, so it can be used in practical development and application. It has important practical significance. The water purification device developed in this paper consists of biofilm carrier, reaction fixator and permeable semi-closed port. In this paper, three experiments were carried out on the start-up effect of the unit under natural conditions. The three biofilm substrates (AJ 15 cm, 20 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm) were tested in this paper. The orthogonal solid density (factor C) under the conditions of the tube diameter of the three kinds of reaction immobilization apparatus (BU 40, 60%, 100%, factor C), was studied in this paper. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) under the influent conditions with an average CODCr concentration of 59.39 mg / L and an average NH4 -N concentration of 7.52 mg / L, The average water temperature was 18.9 鈩，

本文編號：1502591